SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history. SSC06-III-4 Paul Walker, Barry Cook 4Links Limited
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1 SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history SSC06-III-4 Paul Walker, Barry Cook Limited SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 1
2 The Objective NASA s Building-Block Strategy, as in the Vision for Space Exploration Building Blocks: Lego and K Nex Simple interface, builds almost anything Build systems of Any shape Any size How don t we do it? How do we do it? SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 2
3 Don t: The Bus Problem 3 nodes: Bandwidth per node = X/3 SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 3
4 Don t: The Bus Problem 3 nodes: Bandwidth per node = X/3 5 nodes: Need X/3 per node Only get X/5 per node SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 4
5 Don t: The Bus Problem 3 nodes: Bandwidth per node = X/3 5 nodes: Need X/3 per node Only get X/5 per node Bus is single point of failure SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 5
6 Don t: The Bus Problem 3 nodes: Bandwidth per node = X/3 5 nodes: Need X/3 per node Only get X/5 per node Bus is single point of failure Can t do any shape Can t do any size SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 6
7 Do: as in 1960s: Modular computer Bus inside box Point-to-point Asynchronous Symmetrical Flow-controlled Full duplex Any size of system Any topology/shape Enables modular systems Redundancy and fault-tolerance SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 7
8 Do: as in 1985 System on Chip Multiple on-chip buses Point-to-point Interface Asynchronous Symmetrical Flow-controlled Full duplex Serial four links CPU Any size of system Any topology/shape Enables modular systems Redundancy and fault-tolerance link DMA RAM Floating-point Transputer SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 8
9 Do: as in 1985 System on Chip Multiple on-chip buses Point-to-point Asynchronous Symmetrical Flow-controlled Full duplex Serial four links CPU Any size of system Any topology/shape Enables modular systems Redundancy and fault-tolerance link DMA RAM Floating-point Flying in space SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 9
10 Transputers in space 1: SSTL UoSAT-4 (1990) (ESA) UoSAT-5 (1991) (SSTL) KITSAT-1 (1992) PoSAT-1 (1993) FASAT-Alfa (1995) FASAT-Bravo (1997) TMSAT (1997) UoSAT-12 (1999) Tsinghua-1 (2000) TiungSat (2001) SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 10
11 Transputers in space 2: NASA/ESA SOHO four links link DMA engines Transputer Links used for imaging interfaces SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 11
12 Do: as in 1990s: new Transputer, new links Asynchronous Symmetrical Serial Full duplex Flow- Controlled Point-to-point Links Virtual Channel Process or (VCP) Plus 100Mb/s Minimalist packet protocol Routing switch fabric SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 12
13 Do: as in 1990s: new Transputer, new links Asynchronous Symmetrical Serial Full duplex Flow- Controlled Point-to-point Links Virtual Channel Process or (VCP) Plus 100Mb/s Minimalist packet protocol Routing switch fabric New links became IEEE 1355 standard SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 13
14 IEEE 1355 in space (early SpaceWire) Rosetta Image from Mars Express Solar Dynamics Observatory SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 14 Image from Venus Express
15 Towards SpaceWire Black hole image from NASA SWIFT Inmarsat 4 Broadband global area network SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 15
16 The SpaceWire Standard Asynchronous Symmetrical Serial Full duplex Flow-Controlled Point-to-point 100Mb/s Packet protocol Routing switch fabric SpaceWire adds to 1355: LVDS Space connectors and cable Fixes initialization bug Removes ambiguities Network Layer Time Codes ECSS-E-50-12A SpaceWire - Links, nodes, routers and networks, 24 January 2003 SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 16
17 ESA SpaceWire Missions Corot Cryosat Gaia Bepi-Columbo Herschel And more SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 17
18 US SpaceWire Missions NASA (with ESA) James Webb Space Telescope NASA GOES-R Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) DoD GPS III Other DoD programs Responsive Space SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 18
19 Future 1: Evolution of SpaceWire Protocols Memory mapping CCSDS Reliable Data Transfer Extensions Multiple Time Codes Low-Jitter Time Codes Plug & Play, FDIR, Autonomy Speeds to around 500 Mbits/s SpaceFibre: speeds 1 to 10 Gbits/s SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 19
20 Future 2: Evolving Use of SpaceWire Much more use of routing switches Tuned redundancy: maximize reliability while minimizing cost & mass Protocols Ethernet TCP/IP Much more use of modularity (AFRL/NRL/Responsive space) Rapid prototyping complete project, System Integration at start of project!!! SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 20
21 Key contributors Transputer and links: Iann Barron, David May Gerry Talbot, Graham Stewart New Links, IEEE 1355: Jim Nicholas, Robert Simpson, Colin Whitby-Strevens, Peter Thompson Astrium: Tim Pike, Anja Christen, Paul Rastetter, Omar Emam, Olivier Notebaert ESA: Philippe Armbruster, Josep Rosello SpaceWire WG: Steve Parkes, Heinz Reichinger, Giovanni Saldi, Torbjorn Hult, Dick Durrant US: Glenn Rakow, Shaune Allen, Rick Schnurr, Jim Lux, Dan Gilley SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 21
22 Key principles four links CPU link DMA RAM Floating-point Simple Serial Asynchronous Symmetrical Full-duplex Flow-Controlled Point-to-point Minimalist packet protocol Routing switch fabric Time distribution SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 22
23 Conclusions 40 year legacy, 16 year legacy in space Worldwide contributions Worldwide adoption Builds networks of: Any shape Any size Enables Building Block Strategy Many more benefits to come from SpaceWire SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history, Paul Walker, Barry Cook, SmallSat 2006, SSC06-III-4 23
SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history
SpaceWire: Key principles brought out from 40 year history SSC06-III-4 Paul Walker, Barry Cook 4Links Limited Bletchley Park, Milton Keynes, England MK3 6ZP; +44 1908 642001 paul, barry,@4links.co.uk ABSTRACT:
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