IST Roadmap for Optical Communications

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1 IST Roadmap for Optical Communications Generated by the OPTIMIST Thematic Network presented by Piet Demeester Draft status dd Feb 2002

2 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

3 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communication Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

4 Photonics enabling Ambient Intelligence AmI puts PEOPLE in the CENTER Making technology invisible, imbedded in natural surroundings, present whenever we need it and making interaction with technology simple effortless Advanced Photonic Components Advanced Photonic (Sub)Systems PEOPLE Advanced Photonic Networks

5 Intelligent Optical Network UoP: Universal Optical Plug Data Storage Intelligent Optical Network PDA Wireless Link to Ambient Intelligence ION Computing Resources Computing Resources

6 Core network for Ambient Intelligence Making IST services available to all people anywhere anytime in a natural and trustful way requires : ultra high capacity optical global network and WAN fast and flexible provisioning of optical network resources efficient and very reliable management of multivendor multi-operator optical networks

7 Access Network (City) 10 Gbit/s Metro 100 wavelengths 10 Gbit/s/λ <20 km N x 10 Gbit/s UOP : Universal Optical Plug Main ring : flexible λ-oadm Secondary ring : fixed fiber OADM Gbit/s per customer TDM/TDMA

8 MAN (Country / Region) 1000 wavelengths 10 Gbit/s/λ wavelength conversion <200 km Fast Wavelength Switches (FWS) / Optical Burst Switches (OBS) + Gateway to access network + Content servers (e.g. streaming media)

9 MAN (Country / Region) IP packets optical burst formation 1000 wavelengths 10 Gbit/s/λ fast wavelength conversion no optical buffers Fast Wavelength Switches (FWS) / Optical Burst Switches (OBS) + Gateway to access network + Content servers (e.g. streaming media)

10 Wide Area Network (WAN) GN links WAN : Up to 1000 wavelengths up to 80 Gbit/s/λ wavebands (> 10 λ) OXC: Optical Wavelength/Waveband Cross Connect OPR: High Throughput Optical Packet Routers

11 Global Network (GN) GN : Up to 128 wavelengths up to 160 Gbit/s/λ wavebands (> 10 λ)

12 Global Network / WANs - key features Global Network (GN) / WANs Key Features and Figures 2012 N e t w o r k s S y s t e m s C o m p o n e n t s / S u b s y s t e m s Mesh topology Optical wavelength (waveband) switching / optical packet routing End to End Intelligent Optical Networking (ION) (e.g. G-MPLS) Ubiquitous network resilience Transparent monitoring GN: transparent transoceanic distances GN: upto 160 Gb/s/λ, upto 128 channels WAN: up to 3000 km transparent transmission WAN: 2.5 to 80 Gb/s/λ, up to 1000 channels Optical Cross-connects, Optical Packet Router Optical communication techniques (O-CDMA) MEMS switch fabrics > 5000 x 5000, < 10ms, < 1dB Space switches, 64 x 64, < 1ns High speed λ-converters (<1 ns) Optical buffers Wideband optical amplifier (<200 nm) Optical regenerators Widely fast-tunable Rx/Tx Application engineered fibres

13 Regional/Metro Networks - key features Regional/Metro Networks Key Features and Figures 2012 N e t w o r k s Mesh and ring topology Optical wavelength switching Optical burst switching (buffer-less) End to End ION (seamless interworking with GN/ WAN) Optimised network resilience classes S y s t e m s Distances: km 2.5 to 40 Gb/s/λ, 100 to 1000 channels Low cost OADM / OXC Intelligent burst mode transmitters / receivers C o m p o n e n t s / S u b s y s t e m s Low cost planar based optical switches / MUX-DMUX Supercontinuüm generation Low cost wavelength converters Tunable Rx / Tx Wideband optical amplifiers (<300 nm) Switches (µsec)

14 Access Networks - key features Access Networks Key Features and Figures 2012 N e t w o r k s Hybrid technology: fiber + (wireless/cable/ copper) Fiber to the business (star and ring) PONs for residential and SOHO (FTTB/H) Seamless integration with End to End ION Network infrastructure and management optimized for AmI Optimized for low cost OAM S y s t e m s Distance: up to 20 km Up to 10 Gb/s per electronics serial transmission channel Up to 100 WDM channels OLTs (PON)/MUXes: up to 1Tb/s up link capacity ONTs (PON): 10 Gb/s up link capacity per wavelength Burst mode transmission C o m p o n e n t s / S u b s y s t e m s Plug and play retail components and terminal adapters Low-cost 10 Gb/s transmitters/receivers for pt-to-pt transmission Low-cost 10 Gb/s burst mode transmitters for PONs Low cost (D)WDM components

15 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

16 Flexibility / Granularity of the OTN G RA N U L A Packet FLEXIBILITY Static Dynamic X OXC: OADM: optical cross connects optical add drop mux R IT y Burst Circuit X X X OPR: optical packet router OPADM: optical packet add drop mux packet-switched circuit-switched static circuit-switched dynamic burst-switched t i m e

17 Circuit-switching: data-plane node functionality Transponder λ-convertor Tributary ports Fiber WDM- (de)mux OXC fabric WDM- (de)mux

18 Burst-switching: data-plane node functionality Control packet Control wavelengths OBS Controller O/E/O 2 2 Data wavelengths 1 Control packet processing (setup/bandwidth reservation) 1 2 Switch Fabric 1 Data bursts Time offset

19 Packet-switching: data-plane node functionality Node Controller (e.g., MPLS) OPS Controller Header Insertion OPS Fabric Buffering

20 Network Evolution IST projects G RA N U L A Packet FLEXIBILITY Static Dynamic DAVID R IT y Burst Circuit WINMAN ATRIUM STOLAS LION CAPRICORN Access Metro Wide Area HARMONICS METEOR STOLAS LION ATRIUM DAVID

21 Layer interworking IP/OTN IP IP MPLS ATM SDH FRAMING Pt to Pt WDM WDM / OTN λ-networking

22 IST ATRIUM A testbed of terabit IP routers running MPLS over DWDM The creation of an international optical research network at 2.5 Gbps based on the Alcatel 7770 RCP terabit router. Alcatel AS #y : Belnet/DFN ULg AS #x : Renater / Geant 7770 Paris 7770 AS #2 : VTHD

23 IST WINMAN WDM & IP Network Management offer an integrated network management solution which is capable of providing end-to-end IP connectivity services derived from Service Level Agreements (SLAs) Order Mgt Trouble Mgt Billing Mgt Customer Service Service Management INTER-DOMAIN MANAGEMENT Single access point for Service Management simplifies creation of services MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY A MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY B MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY C MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY D Network Management TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE Telecom Infrastructure

24 IST LION Layers Interworking in Optical Networks To design, implement and test an Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) GSR5 Siemens Domain OXC3 GSR4 OXC2 T-Nova NMS Interdomain NMS interworking The current optical transport A second network The All via the a five Network equipment CORBA-based will Cisco be GSRs Management will interface enhanced will be be by System adding connected enhanced realized by two to adding Siemens the by T-Nova new innovative and optical will one interwork Tellium transport ASON capabilities with OXCs infrastructure ci@onet for the UNI (data) management of the complete ci@onet network NMS UNI (data & signaling) NNI (data & signaling) GSR1 TILAB UNI/NNI signaling G.709 interfaces Siemens OXCs with NNI signaling OADM3 OXC1 OADM1 TILAB Domain OADM2 Cisco GSRs with UNI signaling Tellium OXC with UNI signaling GSR2 Tellium Domain OXC4 GSR3 LION testbed

25 IST HARMONICS Hybrid Access Reconfigurable Multi- Wavelength Optical Networks for IP-based Communication Services convergence of access networks, supporting IP with differentiated QoS. Passive Dual Bus Coupler ONUs share a wavelength channel λ 1 ONU ONU Central Office Protection Switch λ 1-N Protection Ring AWG λ-demux λ N Passive Optical Splitter ONU OLT λ 1 OXC Normal operating path All wavelength channels accessible for the ONUs ONU ONU λ N λ 1-N λ 1-N ONU HARMONICS Optical Feeder Network Protection path

26 IST DAVID Data and Voice Integration over DWDM an approach towards MPLS-based, optical packet switching with QoS support DAVID node configuration from/to W other WAN nodes from/to Gateway G 1 Wavelength multiplexing and pre-amplification λ 1 λ m Coupler + interconnection shuffler 1:(m.n) Space selection Wavelength selection N:M λ j λ k λ 1 λ m 1 from/to memory loop M λ λ j λ 1 n n λ m λ k λ m Control Electronic : regen. :mux. : SOAs module : EDFA : 1:(m.n) coupler : n:m star coupler

27 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

28 OTDM and WDM Transmission Scheme of a OTDM Transmission System ETDM ETDM ETDM ETDM Pulse Source Modulators 80 Gbit/s Tbit/s t DEMUX Scheme of a WDM Transmission System λ-controlled Laser 80 Gbit/s - 10 Tbit/s -... ETDM ETDM ETDM λ 1 λ 2 λ 3 WDM λ WDM ETDM λ 4 Modulators

29 Evolution of Transmission Bitrate Total Bit Rate [Gbit/s] G x 40 x 4 OCDM 11.6Gx300 20G x G x 82 20G x G x 50 20G x 55 80G x 13 10G x G x 30 10G x 73 10G x 84 10G x 50 10G x 25 11G x 16 10G x 16 20G x 32 20G x 17 20G x 11 20G x 5 32G 40G 40Gx Gx256 40G x G x 4 100G x G 80G G x 19 WDM 200G x 7 100G x 4 200G 160G TDM 1 Tbit/s 640G 400G 1280G Up to 1999 OFC 2000 ECOC 2000 OFC 2001 ECOC Single Channel Bit Rate [Gbit/s] Source: LEOS Newsletter 10/99, OFC 2000, ECOC 2000, OFC 2001, ECOC 2001

30 Spectral efficiency achievements Spectral Efficiency [(bit/s)/hz] OFC 2001 ECOC 2001 ECOC 2000 OFC Capacity-Length Product [Pbit/s * m]

31 IST ATLAS All-optical Terabit per second LAmbda Shifted transmission Nx40 and Nx80 Gbit/s transmission in networks encompassing all-optical wavelength converters. Successful demonstration of 4 x 40 Gb/s transmission over 500 km G.655 Residual dispersion slope effect: Eye diagrams after 500 km (DM with prechirp map, ch 2 optimized): nm nm nm nm Eye diagrams after per channel dedicated postcompensation :

32 IST METEOR Metropolitan Terabit Optical Ring design, develop and demonstrate a terabit optical metropolitan area network. High speed (40Gbit/s per channel) WDM (up to 40 channels) Networking (nodes with add-drop functionality) Mask layout active OADM

33 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

34 Component IST projects QD + new material GIFT ULTRABRIGHT DOTCOM GSQ POWERPACK VCSEL WILD IO High power TUNVIC sources NEWTON Tunable sources Amplifiers LOBSTER SYNERGIA PCIC PICCO PHOBOS Photonic Bandgap ANLM- OTDM AGETHA Cost Reduction Objectives GLAMOROUS Poling in glass ATLAS DOALL ROSA PIANO Polymer and APPTECH POF HOMEPLANET Optical Signal Processing for OTDM or WDM NAIS High speed sources and receivers TOPRATE FASHION METEOR STOLAS

35 Critical components and subsystems Sources Switches Short pulse Tunable Low cost OXC/OADM OTDM Demux Space switch 1ps 100fs 100nm 300nm VCSELs Polymer lasers SiO 2 onsi/soa gates MZ/EA/FWM MOEMS Optical dense integration technology Photonic crystals Bio-photonics Transmission Amplifiers Dispersion management Regeneration 100nm 300nm 40Gb/s 160Gb/s 2R 3R(40Gb/s) 3R(160Gb/s) Time

36 Optical Amplifiers, Spectral Range Rayleigh FIBRE -OH Curvature 1390 nm λ AMPLIFIERS XS band RAMAN 22nm S+ band S band C band L band L+ band EDF(F)A EDF(F)A + gain equalizing filter + Raman amplification Tm(thullium)DFA 36nm 30nm } 47nm 40nm 52nm 75nm 76nm 80nm 38nm 36nm EDFA } EDFA + gain equalizing filter Telluride EDFA Multi-pump RAMAN Multi-pump Raman achievable range SOAs achievable range P(praseodymium)DFA

37 IST LOBSTER Large Optical Bandwidth by Amplifier Systems Based on Tellurite Fibres Doped with Rare Earths Ultra large T-OFAs for S, C, and L -bands ( µm; µm) Erbium doped Te fibre λ > 1.5 λ < 1.5 Thulium doped Te fibre Splice with high NA fibre Mechanical angled joint Pump Possible configuration of ultra-large bandwidth amplifier

IST TUNVIC Micromechanical Widely Tunable VCSEL for WDM Telecommunication Systems Introduction of micro-mechanical actuator in vertical micro-cavities in order to obtain wavelength tunability.

38 IST TUNVIC Micromechanical Widely Tunable VCSEL for WDM Telecommunication Systems Introduction of micro-mechanical actuator in vertical micro-cavities in order to obtain wavelength tunability. FWHM = 0.13 nm Filter Transmission Loss = 1.4 db AlGaAs micromachined DBR Hybrid integrated long wavelength VCSEL Filtertransmission / db Tuning range = 42 nm Tuning Sensitivity = 12 nm / mw) Actuation Power [mw] Wavelength [nm]

39 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

40 Potentially disruptive technologies Emerging component technologies Micro-optics and Nanoelectronics MOEMS Photonic bandgap devices Quantum dot devices Carbon nanotubes Molecular photonics Polymer optoelectronics Bio-photonics Quantum Communication Cryptography Computing Teleportation

that are required to design, fabricate and cost-effectively mass-produce them.

41 IST PICCO Photonic Integrated Circuits using photonic Crystal Optics demonstrate the fundamental principles of photonic crystal microcircuits and refine the computational and technological tools that are required to design, fabricate and cost-effectively mass-produce them. GaAs based waveguide ΓΚ 260 nm 170 nm ΓΜ Measured propagation loss 20 db/mm via cutback method. Limited bandwidth due to ministopband

42 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

43 EU challenges and future issues Ambient Intelligence: Making services available to all people anywhere anytime in a natural and trustful way A mix of last mile technologies will be required broadband wireless mobile Get all communications into fibre as quickly as possible and keep them there as far as possible (David Kennedy EURESCOM IST 2001 event) Creation of the Intelligent Optical Network is a pre-requisite

44 EU challenges / issues for further research Research towards the Intelligent Optical Network : End-to-end intelligent optical networking (optical control plane) Provide higher bitrate smaller granularity higher flexibility in the optical network Get fibre closer to the customer in a cost-effective way Seamless convergence of optical networking technologies and access networking (broadband wireless mobile) Bridge between NREN s and advanced photonic networking

45 Main Access Technologies Twisted Pair Legacy POTS Cable Broadcast Legacy ISDN Satellite xdsl Hybrid Fiber Coax New Technologies Fiber To X GSM-UMTS Wireless LAN Broadband Interactivity Mobility AmI

46 Outline Roadmap for Optical Communications Network evolution System evolution Component evolution Future and Emerging Technologies EU challenges and future issues IST OPTIMIST approach

47 IST OPTIMIST roadmap exercise Define Technology Trends in the technical area s under study Interaction / discussions at workshops meetings with key actors Dissemination at large of concepts / views (CD-rom, website, newsletter, presentations) Interaction with other organisations (OITDA, OIDA, PIF, EURESCOM, COST) Generate an IST roadmap view on optical communication (ongoing process)

48 info on projects workshops tech trends Subscribe to our Quarterly Electronic Newsletter

Results from the FP5-IST optical networking projects

Results from the FP5-IST optical networking projects presented at TERENA Networking Conference 2003 and CARNet Users' Conference 2003 19-22 May 2003, Zagreb, Croatia Email: optimist@intec.rug.ac.be by