Reliable Communications for Short-range Wireless Systems

Transcription

1 Reliable Communications for Short-range Wireless Systems Edited by ISMAIL GUVENC DOCOMO Communications Laboratories USA, Inc. SINAN GEZICI Bilkent University, Turkey ZAFER SAHINOGLU Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories ULAS С KOZAT DOCOMO Communications Laboratories USA, Inc. и CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

2 Contents List of contributors page x i 1 Short-range wireless communications and reliability 1 Ismail Guvenc, Sinan Gezici, Zafer Sahinoglu, and Ulas С Kozat 1.1 Short-range wireless communications Enabling factors Short-range versus medium/long-range communications High-rate versus low-rate communications Review of frequency regulations and available frequency bands Definition of reliability Reliability at the PHY layer Reliability at the MAC layer Reliability at the routing layer Review of related wireless standards Bluetooth IEEE (mesh networking) IEEE TG6 (body area networks (BANs)) IEEE TG7 (visible light communication) ISA SPlOO.l la (process control and monitoring) 23 Parti High-rate systems 29 2 High-rate UWB and 60 GHz communications 31 Sinan Gezici and Ismail Guvenc 2.1 Overview and application scenarios ECMA-368 high-rate UWB standard Transmitter structure Signal model System parameters ECMA-387 millimeter-wave radio standard Transmitter structure Signal models System parameters 50

3 vi Contents 2.4 IEEE c millimeter-wave radio standard Single-carrier PHY High-speed interface PHY Audio/visual PHY Channel estimation for high-rate systems Zhongjun Wang, Yan Xin, and Xiaodong Wang 3.1 Channel models for high-rate systems Large-scale propagation effects Small-scale propagation effects Discrete-time model 3.2 Review of channel estimation techniques Signal model for channel frequency response estimation LS channel frequency response estimator LMMSE channel frequency response estimator ML channel frequency response estimator Multistage channel frequency response estimator Complexity comparison 3.3 Impact of channel estimation error on performance Average uncoded SER FER performance Adaptive modulation and coding for high-rate systems Ruonan Zhang and Lin Cai 4.1 Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) 4.2 AMC in MB-OFDM systems 4.3 WPAN link architecture in ECMA Superframe structure and DRP Block-acknowledgment mechanism 4.4 Packet-level model for UWB channels with shadowing Body shadowing effect on UWB channels Definition of channel states in the channel model Channel state transitions 4.5 WPAN link performance analysis System model Markovian analysis Packet drop rate and throughput 4.6 Simulation results 4.7 AMC in 60 GHz millimeter-wave radio systems AMC mechanism in ECMA MAC protocol in ECMA Summary

4 Contents vii MIMO techniques for high-rate communications 113 Wasim Q. Malik and Andre Pollok Principles of MIMO systems MIMO for ultrawideband systems Channel model Spatial correlation Channel capacity Theroleofmultipath Time-reversal prefiltering Summary MIMO for 60 GHz systems MIMO channel model Spatial correlation Beamforming Receiver performance Summary Conclusion Part II Low-rate systems ZigBee networks and low-rate UWB communications 139 Zafer Sahinoglu and Ismail Guvenc 6.1 Overview and application examples ZigBee Channel allocations in ZigBee and IEEE Data transmission methods in ZigBee and IEEE Network channel managing for interference resolution Impulse-radio based UWB (IEEE a) Channel allocations Transmitter structure and signal model Frame structure and system parameters Ranging and location awareness Low latency MAC for WPANs (IEEE e) EGTS Low latency protocol (LLP) Time synchronized channel hopping (TSCH) IEEE f (active RFID) IEEE g (smart utility networks) Impact of channel estimation on reliability 168 Hongsan Sheng 7.1 Introduction 168

5 viii Contents 7.2 Signal and channel models with channel estimation errors Signal and channel model Estimation errors of channel parameters 7.3 Reliability with channel estimation errors SNR analysis BER analysis 7.4 System optimization with channel estimation errors Allocations of power to pilot symbols Signal bandwidth Design of rake receivers 7.5 Concluding remarks Interference mitigation and awareness for improved reliability Huseyin Arslan, Serhan Yarkan, Mustafa E. Sahin, and Sinan Gezici 8.1 Mitigation of multiple-access interference (MAI) Receiver design for MAI mitigation Coding design for MAI mitigation 8.2 Mitigation of narrowband interference (NBI) UWB and narrowband system models NBI avoidance NBI cancelation 8.3 Interference awareness 8.4 Summary Characterization of Wi-Fi interference for dynamic channel allocation in WPANs Federico Penna, Claudio Pastrone, Hussein Khaleel, Maurizio A. Spirito, and Roberto Garello 9.1 Towards adaptive wireless personal area networks (WPANs) Introduction and motivation Spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks 9.2 WPANs under Wi-Fi interference Detecting the interference: spectrum sensing in WPANs Test-bed configuration and scenarios Wi-Fi interference model Duration of the sensing window Sensing duty cycle 9.3 Interference characterization and performance degradation: measurement results and analysis Anechoic chamber Indoor Indoor Analyzing the different spectrum evaluation metrics

6 Contents ix 9.4 Improving WPAN's reliability under interference: dynamic channel selection Algorithm description Simulation results Conclusion Energy saving in low-rate systems 270 TaeRim Park and MyungJ. Lee 10.1 Background on energy efficiency Measure of energy consumption Energy saving MACs Asymmetric single-hop MACs Symmetric multihop MACs Summary 289 Part II Selected topics for improved reliability Cooperative communications for reliability 293 Andreas F. Molisch, Stark С Draper, and Neelesh B. Mehta 11.1 Introduction Reliability via cooperative communication Overview of methods Cooperative communication using virtual beamforming Basic principles Basic "building block" network and protocol Basic network: analysis and results Routing Cooperative communication using rateless codes Basic principles Basic "building block" network and protocols Basic network: analysis and results Routing Reliability through relay selection in cooperative networks 326 Ramy Abdallah Tannious and Aria Nosratinia 12.1 Introduction Signaling in multiple-relay networks Motivations for relay selection Overview of relay selection System model and mathematical background Relay selection strategies 333

7 X Contents 12.5 Limited feedback centralized relay selection Outage probability and effective rate DMT analysis 12.6 Summary 13 Fundamental performance limits in wideband relay architectures Özgür Oyman 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Power-bandwidth tradeoff in serial relay architectures Network model and definitions Power-bandwidth tradeoff characterization Section summary 13.3 Power-bandwidth tradeoff in parallel relay architectures Network model and definitions Upper-limit on MRN power-bandwidth tradeoff MRN power-bandwidth tradeoff with practical LDMRB techniques Numerical results Section summary 14 Reliable MAC layer and packet scheduling Ulas С Kozat 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Opportunistic scheduling/multiuser diversity Unicastcase Multicast case 14.3 Coding and scheduling Unicastcase Multicast case 14.4 Media quality driven scheduling 14.5 Summary Index 407