Red Hat Summit 2009 Dr. Robert Sutor, IBM

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2 Linux Everywhere? Matching the Workload to the Computer Dr. Robert Sutor VP, Open Source and Linux, IBM SWG September 2,

3 Agenda Linux, and Building a smarter planet, that is increasingly: 3 Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent Matching workloads to platforms Virtualization Horizontal clusters and grids Vertical symmetrical multiprocessing Centralized computing Cloud computing

4 Building a smarter planet Every human being, company, organization, city, nation, natural system and man made system is becoming interconnected, instrumented and intelligent. This is leading to new savings and efficiency but perhaps as important, new possibilities for progress. The world is flatter. 4 The world is smaller. Because it can. The world is getting smarter. Because we want it to. Because it must.

5 An instrumented planet, and Linux What s new? Powerful computing on ubiquitous handheld devices and netbooks Fedora Moblin Android Embedded sensors provide a wealth of data, much of it real time Linux brings: Small size, modularity, and the ability to run on multiple platforms 5

6 An interconnected world, and Linux What s new? High speed, reliable connectivity with ubiquitous access Ability to optimize mix of personal computing and shared access to big computing Linux brings: Cross platform portability, scalability, and much of the fabric of the internet 6

7 Impire AG Sports television company providing intelligent, real time 3D graphics and statistics for professional sporting events to TV broadcast companies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland 7 Business Challenge Needed high performance database platforms providing management, processing and mining of data for instantaneous play analysis and statistical content Solution Red Hat Enterprise Linux IBM BladeCenter IBM Informix Dynamic Server IBM DB2 Alphablox IBM DB2 Data Warehouse Edition IBM WebSphere Portal Express Benefits Improved ability to provide information on demand Higher system availability and reliability Faster and more in depth analysis with data mining Improved employee productivity Better collaboration with employees and customers

8 An intelligent world, and Linux What s new? Vast and increasing amounts of data not yet interpreted Scalable computing power available on demand Linux brings: Supercomputing power at affordable cost, parallel computing clusters, stream computing 8

9 IBM and Linux take on Jeopardy! Challenges include: variety of subjects speed of responses when competing against humans subtlety of the questions Two years to develop question answering system that determines precise answers to natural language questions, and computes accurate confidences in the answers Watson system incorporates massively parallel analytical systems, and is not connected to the internet or other outside help. 9

10 Matching the workload to the computing platform 10 Small computing: (portability, personal use) Big computing: Scalability, resilience, flexibility, manageability Shared access to big computing, where appropriate and cost effective Different ways to achieve this

11 Virtualization helps you right size your computing IBM has been doing virtualization for more than 40 years Originally developed to make better use of critical hardware IBM runs Linux as a virtualized OS across entire hardware portfolio Innovation continues VMware PLPAR 11 CP/CMS VM/370 VM/ESA Xen KVM PHYP Z/VM

12 Virtualization can mean different things Trap and Emulate Virt Mach VM runs in user mode All privileged instructions cause traps Load Add Store PrivOp Trap Load Hypervisor PrivOp emulation code... Examples: CP 67, VM/370 Benefits: Runs unmodified OS Issues: Substantial overhead Hypervisor Calls ( Paravirtualization ) Virt Mach VM runs in normal modes OS in VM calls hypervisor to access real resources Load Add Store Hcall Load... Virt Mach VM runs in user mode Some IA 32 instructions must be replaced with trap ops Load Add Store TrapOp Trap Load Call Hypervisor service Hypervisor PrivOp emulation code... Examples: VMware, Microsoft VS Benefits: Runs unmodified, translated OS Issues: Substantial overhead Direct Hardware Virtualization VM runs in normal modes Hardware does most of the virtualization (SIE architecture) Hypervisor provides control Virt Mach Load Add Store Examples: POWER Hypervisor, Xen Benefits: High efficiency Issues: OS must be modified to issue Hcalls 12 Translate, Trap, and Emulate PrivOp Load... Exit Hypervisor service Hypervisor calls also supported Examples: System z LPAR, z/vm, KVM, Hyper V Benefits: High efficiency, runs unmodified OS Issues: Requires underlying hardware support

13 Horizontal Clusters and Grids Large numbers of loosely coupled similar systems 13 x86, some RISC Suitable for parallel tasks Low cost, high performance Low update to query ratio Typical workloads Web serving Analyzing trends Developing new drugs Sample industries Financial Services Life Sciences Education Media and Entertainment

14 Astellas Pharma, Inc. A worldwide pharmaceutical company in Japan reduces operation time for new drugs from one year to one month, increasing research efficiency with IBM and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 14 Company Profile Based in Japan, Astellas Pharma Inc. is a global company involved in manufacturing, marketing, importing and exporting pharmaceuticals. Business Challenge Ongoing changes in the pharmaceutical industry have had a major impact on drug discovery Government requirements on pharmaceutical effectiveness, safety, and ADME disposition have dramatically increased In 10 years, the number of chemical compounds to be screened out has increased 1,000% Solution Red Hat Enterprise Linux IBM BladeCenter, IBM System x HS20 blades Benefits Drug discovery simulation time reduced from one year to one month, ensuring much greater productivity for Astellas research staff High efficiency and space savings drive infrastructure savings

15 Vertical Symmetrical MultiProcessing High performance systems with shared resources 15 RISC, some x86 Suitable for transactional and database tasks High update to query ratio Virtualization increasingly important Typical workloads Centralized databases ERP, CRM, SCM applications Compute intensive applications Sample industries Manufacturing Transportation Banking Government

16 Volkswagen AG Consolidation and virtualization improves efficiency, competitiveness Business challenge Consolidate from 76 servers down to six System p5 570 servers and the migration of 77 web based applications running a mixture of Red Hat Linux and AIX IBM also helped standardize the company s operational processes and WebSphere middleware stack. Benefits 16 Volkswagen was determined to find a more manageable and scalable underlying hardware and software solution capable of enabling it to reduce total cost of ownership while boosting competitiveness. Solution 76 standalone competitive UNIX servers with different web application middleware supported several Volkswagen applications. These were difficult to scale as needed, driving up maintenance costs and lowering efficiency. Significantly reduced the complexity and total cost of ownership (TCO) of its global IT infrastructure Enables the automobile manufacturer to more quickly respond to changing market conditions 01.ibm.com/software/success/cssdb.nsf/CS/BTHD 78NKSD

17 Centralized Computing Massively consolidated systems 17 Mainframes, some RISC Suitable for mixed workloads High utilization, reliability, security, energy efficiency Virtualization essential Typical workloads Web Commerce, Web Applications ERP, CRM applications Consolidation of multiple applications Sample industries Banking Insurance Energy Telecomms

18 Bank of New Zealand A bank uses Red Hat Enterprise Linux on System z10 to reduce their carbon footprint, and address datacenter cost and capacity concerns The Bank of New Zealand reduce their datacenter footprint by 30%, heat output by 33%, carbon footprint by 39%, and expects a 20% ROI The Challenge Bank of New Zealand needed to grow, reduce emissions and costs, become more open, and seeks to become carbon neutral by 2010 The Solution A datacenter with 200 Sun servers was at capacity Consolidate 200 Sun servers down to just 1 IBM System z10 mainframe running Red Hat Enterprise Linux The Benefit Bank of New Zealand reduced power consumption by close to 40%, heat output by 33% Just one administrator is needed per 200 virtual servers New environments are deployed in minutes, not days Deploying IBM mainframes with Red Hat Enterprise Linux to address our carbon footprint and cost savings concerns was a very big deal, especially at the senior management level. Lyle Johnston Infrastructure Architect Bank of New Zealand

19 Salt River Project Utility company in central Arizona: more than 4,000 employees, serving over 925,000 customers, covering 2900 square miles 19 Challenge Deliver ever improving contributions to the people SRP servers through the provision of low cost, reliable water and power, and community programs Reduce server sprawl of distributed HP UX systems Increase utilization, flexibility and management Consolidate workloads and run more workloads per server Solution Red Hat Enterprise Linux IBM System z mainframe Red Hat Network Satellite Benefits Stable and predictable solution, easily managed via Red Hat Network Satellite Cost savings through eliminating license costs

20 Cloud Computing Shared, scalable systems 20 x86, RISC, Mainframes Suitable for mixed workloads Dynamic provisioning Virtualization essential Typical workloads Infrastructure Development and Test Collaboration Sample industries Banking Software development Universities Government

21 China Services Cloud A Cloud for Developers Goal Stimulate software start up company growth Launch new business models Accelerate transformation to a services led economy Pain Points Efficiently provide software development and test tools to software startup companies Provide competitive services to internet users IBM has its vision to help the Chinese government, as well as the company to use the resource in a smarter way. Cloud computing is one of the most important platforms that enables us to do so. Paul Lu, CEO, Wuxi Lake Tai Cloud Computing Service Benefits Accelerates development and test cycles through quick resource on boarding Public cloud: Access through internet or secure connection Virtualized, secure, network isolated environments with Rational development and test tools Backup/restore capabilities with Tivoli Storage Management to protect customer assets 21 IBM CloudBurst

22 Matching the Workload to the Linux Computer Linux runs on more processors than anything else Choose the right computer for the workload, not vice versa Personal vs. Shared Local vs. Remote Ownership vs. Cost Small is beautiful, and 22 Flexibility Scalability Availability of skills and applications big is beautiful as well

23 Trademarks & Disclaimers The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. For a complete list of IBM Trademarks, see IBM, the IBM logo, BladeCenter, Calibrated Vectored Cooling, ClusterProven, Cool Blue, POWER, PowerExecutive, Predictive Failure Analysis, ServerProven, Power Systems, System Storage, System x, System z, WebSphere, DB2 and Tivoli are trademarks of IBM Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. For a list of additional IBM trademarks, please see The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies: Java and all Java based trademarks and logos are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries or both Microsoft, Windows,Windows NT and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. Intel, Intel logo, Intel Inside, Intel Inside logo, Intel Centrino, Intel Centrino logo, Celeron, Intel Xeon, Intel SpeedStep, Itanium, and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries or both. Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Cell Broadband Engine is a trademark of Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. InfiniBand is a trademark of the InfiniBand Trade Association. Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. NOTES: Linux penguin image courtesy of Larry Ewing (lewing@isc.tamu.edu) and The GIMP Any performance data contained in this document was determined in a controlled environment. Actual results may vary significantly and are dependent on many factors including system hardware configuration and software design and configuration. Some measurements quoted in this document may have been made on development level systems. There is no guarantee these measurements will be the same on generally available systems. Users of this document should verify the applicable data for their specific environment. IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply. Information is provided AS IS without warranty of any kind. All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions. This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area. All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. Information about non IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the performance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. Prices are suggested US list prices and are subject to change without notice. Starting price may not include a hard drive, operating system or other features. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography. Any proposed use of claims in this presentation outside of the United States must be reviewed by local IBM country counsel prior to such use. The information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time. 23

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