Next Generation Wireless for IoT and Challenge

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1 Next Generation Wireless for IoT and Challenge June 2015 Philip Chang AEO Taiwan

2 Agenda Keysight Technologies 2 IoT Market and Applications Overview IoT Wireless Technologies and Test Challenges Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solutions

3 Connect Everything Everywhere All the Time Internet of Things (IoT) or Internet of Everything (IoE) HOME Future MANUFACTURING Today RETAIL HEALTH CARE URBAN MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION 3

Primary IoT/M2M Markets Smart Home Wearable Healthcare Devices Building and Industry Automation Smart Grid Smart Public Connected Car - Controller - Appliances - Sensor & Security - Climate control -

4 Primary IoT/M2M Markets Smart Home Wearable Healthcare Devices Building and Industry Automation Smart Grid Smart Public Connected Car - Controller - Appliances - Sensor & Security - Climate control - Lighting - HVAC - Audio/Video & Cables - Smart watch - Wearable glasses - Smart bands - E-textiles - Hearing-aid - Health monitor - Sensor network - Smart machine - Surveillance camera - Asset tracking - Wi-Fi backhaul Wireless Connectivity - Smart Meter - Smart appliances - DC distribution -Ecosystem monitoring -Smart objects with sensors V2V / V2X /V2I communications ecall Infotainment GNSS Autonomous vehicles RKE / TPMS Key requirements: Power efficient, Scalable, Range Extended 4

5 IoT Market Trends Statistics of Market Forecast Cisco : 25B devices will be connected by 2015, and 50B by 2020 IDC : Global IoT revenues will reach $7.1T (trillion) by 2020 ABI : +16 B active wireless connected devices in 2014, (20% YoY growth), more than double from the current level, with 40.9 B forecasted for 2020 Canalys : 8M (2014), 23M (2015), and 45M by 2017 of wearable device shipments IHS Automotive : 152M cars connected to the Internet worldwide in 2020 from 23M in 2013 Navigant Research : 1.1B worldwide installed base of smart meters in 2020 from 313M in 2013 Morgan Stanley : $1.3T annual savings from Self-driving car in the US, $5.6T worldwide: By 2020, +100M Internet connected wireless light bulbs and lamps worldwide up from 2.4M in 2013

IoT is the most growing area And IoT will contribute

6 Wi-Fi s Opportunities for IoT Internet of things Tablet PCs Smartphones Wi-Fi will Keep fast growing IoT is the most growing area And IoT will contribute more than 50% of the shipment in 2018 Personal computers 6

7 IoT Architecture Example Value Chain Logical View Data Encryption, Device and Application Identity and Access Management Big data management Event processing High-speed, real-time data capture Supports high throughput Value-Add event rates Services CRM, Service, Billing Network Cloud Analytics Integration Event processing query language based on standard SQL syntax Pre-integration Industry with bestin-class Specific Java core Embedded Industry Solutions, solutions and External Systems platforms external/custo mer systems Edge Devices Gateway Devices Data Center Applications 7

8 Agenda Keysight Technologies 8 IoT Market and Applications Overview IoT Wireless Technologies and Test Challenges Bluetooth Low Energy Zigbee/Thread WLAN ah, 11p WiSUN (MR-FSK) LTE-MTC LoRa Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solutions

IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Heterogeneous Mix of Technologies Bluetooth LE ZigBee Thread 6LoWPAN Z-Wave NFC (EMV) RFID ANT + Enocean More

11p Wi-SUN ZigBee-NAN Cellular 2G/3G/4G LTE-MTC Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Wireless Neighborhood Area

9 IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Heterogeneous Mix of Technologies Bluetooth LE ZigBee Thread 6LoWPAN Z-Wave NFC (EMV) RFID ANT + Enocean More a/b/g/n/ac ah & p Wi-SUN ZigBee-NAN Cellular 2G/3G/4G LTE-MTC Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Wireless Neighborhood Area Network (WNAN) Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) WiMAX SIGFOX LoRa Short range Short/Medium range Medium range Note: Not a complete list of radio formats (> 60 radio formats are used for IoT/M2M) Long range Red text emerging IoT technologies Black text existing technologies

Bluetooth Standard Evolution 1999 2003 2004 2007 2009 2010 2013 2014 Future V1.0 Many problems Difficult making products interoperable V1.2 Faster Connection/Discovery Use AFH Up to 721kbps V2.

10 Bluetooth Standard Evolution Future V1.0 Many problems Difficult making products interoperable V1.2 Faster Connection/Discovery Use AFH Up to 721kbps V2.0 + EDR Introduction of EDR EDR Up to 2.1Mbps Alternate MAC/PHY Unicast connectionless data Enhanced power control HS Up to 24Mbps V4.0 V2.1 + EDR SSP, EIR power consumption optimization V3.0 + HS V4.1 Coexist with 4G Smart connectivity Data transfer improvement Adoption of Bluetooth LE LE up to 260kbps Including classic, LE and HS V4.2 For IoT (Support IPv6/6LoWPAN) Highly privacy Data throughput increase Formally announced on 5 December 2014 Two New Trademarks for Certified BT Devices For dualmode: LE + Legacy BT For Singlemode: LE only AFH: Adaptive Frequency Hopping EDR: Enhanced Data Rate SSP: Secure Simple Pairing EIR: Extended Inquiry Response LE: Low Energy IPSP: Internet Protocol Support Profile 10

off, maximum power and direct test mode BT LE Test packet format in Core 4.2 Bluetooth 4.

11 BLE Packet One fixed Structure A special test packet has been defined for the RF test BT LE Test packet format in Core 4.1 Bluetooth 4.1 Test Packet RF test cases use the Reference Packet payload with 37 octets (296 bits) RF test cases are performed with: frequency hopping off, Whitening off, maximum power and direct test mode BT LE Test packet format in Core 4.2 Bluetooth 4.2 Test Packet Maximum payload length extended from 37 octets to 255 octets in 4.2 BT LE Data Packet Length Extension is new feature in 4.2 and impact PDU payload length in PHY layer Increase data throughput up to 2.5 time faster vs. previous versions 11

12 IEEE & ZigBee Alliance Conforms to IEEE defining physical & MAC layer Application & Profiles Application Framework Network & Security Medium Access Control MAC PHY Layer User Defined Some vendor Zigbee specific Alliance Defined IEEE Zigbee can be used in the 868MHz, 915MHz and 2.4GHz ISM bands. Low Power consumption High density of nodes per network Simple protocol, global implementation Low Cost 12

ZigBee 3.0? Thread announce release at begin of 2015 2014 Nov. ZigBee announce ZigBee 3.0 will release at begin of 2015!

13 ZigBee 3.0? Thread announce release at begin of Nov. ZigBee announce ZigBee 3.0 will release at begin of 2015! Combine ZigBee Pro Network layer 6 App profiles(zll,zha,zba, ZRS,ZHC,ZSE) as one! PHY layer support 2.4GHz ISM band only Thread designed for IOT in Home. Chipset support Structure Depend on Network Layer Allow select: ZigBee, MiWi, Thread, ISA a, WirelessHART Follow IEEE Std. 13

Thread is backed by industry-leading companies including Nest Labs (Google Purchased),

14 Thread Thread technology was designed for IoT in the home Dec Thread Group grow to more than 50 members since membership opened up on Oct 1 st. Thread is backed by industry-leading companies including Nest Labs (Google Purchased), ARM, Big Ass Fans, Freescale, Samsung, Silicon Labs and Yale Security Based on the power efficient IEEE MAC/PHY

Based on a robust mesh network with no single point of failure.

15 Thread Features POWERFUL TECHNOLOGY DESIGNED FOR THE HOME: design special for Home. Open standard & IPv6 6LoWPAN technology. Based on a robust mesh network with no single point of failure. SIMPLE, SECURE, SCALABLE: scale 250+ device in single network. BATTERY FRIENDLY DESIGN: allow years of operation even on a single AA battery.

Thread & ZigBee Cooperation Thread Group and the ZigBee Alliance plan to make their technologies work together in connected home products at Apr 3, 2015.

16 Thread & ZigBee Cooperation Thread Group and the ZigBee Alliance plan to make their technologies work together in connected home products at Apr 3, Both organizations announced they are collaborating to make a ZigBee application layer run over Thread networks. Specifically, ZCL (ZigBee Cluster Library). ZigBee products, will be able to work with Thread s mesh networking protocol. ZCL defines how connected devices such as lightbulbs and thermostats.

License-exempt bands below 1 GHz Narrower bandwidth: 1/2/4/8/16MHz PHY layer & modulation scheme: based on 802.

17 802.11ah Overview IEEE Task Group ah is chartered to define an OFDM PHY operating in the license-exempt bands below 1 GHz, Target markets wireless connectivity for the Internet of things License-exempt bands below 1 GHz Narrower bandwidth: 1/2/4/8/16MHz PHY layer & modulation scheme: based on ac Transmission range up to 1 km Data rates > 100 kbit/s Low power consumption required for battery operated devices Standards status: The IEEE WG is currently developing draft 4.0 Targeted IEEE spec finalization: Mid of ah AP Tri-band devices (2.4 GHz / 5 GHz / 900MHz) will operate with billions of Wi-Fi CERTIFIED devices Indoor 11a/g/n/ac AP

18 802.11ah Bandwidth and Data Rates Mandatory & Globally Interoperable modes optimized for sensor networking 11ah Bandwidth Modes 1 MHz 2 MHz Extended range 150Kbps* 4Mbps 650Kbps 7.8Mbps 4 MHz 1.35Mbps 18Mbps Optional higher data rate modes for extended range WLAN 8 MHz 16 MHz Minimum 11n/ac bandwidth 20 MHz 2.9Mbps 39Mbps 5.8Mbps 78Mbps High data rates 6.5Mbps 78Mbps 18

19 PHY Difference Between ac and ah Source: Draft Amendment Proposed by TGah Working Group Feature ac ah Channel bandwidth 20/40/80/160MHz 1/2/4/8/16MHz FFT size 64/128/256/512 32/64/128/256/512 Data subcarriers / 52/108/234/468 24/52/108/234/468 Pilot Sub-carriers 4/6/8/16 2/4/6/8/16 Pilot Type Fixed pilot Fixed pilot or Traveling pilot* Subcarrier spacing 312.5KHz 31.25KHz OFDM symbol duration 4.0/3.6us 40/36us Guard interval 0.4/0.8/1.6us 4/8/16us Preamble duration 16us 320us(1M BW)/160us Modulation types BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64QAM/256QAM BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64QAM/256QAM Coding rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 1/2 rep2, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 MCS 0-9 MCS0-9, 10 Transmission Mode VHT mode, non-ht duplicate Mode Normal Mode S1G, 1 MHz Duplicate Mode, 2 MHz Duplicate Mode Duplicated PPDU Non-HT PPDU S1G_DUP_1M, S1G_DUP_2M MIMO Up to 8 Up to 4 Multi-user Up to 4 Up to 4, only available in S1G_LONG PPDU Beamforming Support Support

802.11ah Use Case Extended range Reach garage, backyard,

power consumption Optimized for small packet size Long

devices per AP (8,191) Indoor Low Power Sensors 802.

20 802.11ah Use Case Extended range Reach garage, backyard, basement, attic 1 MHz and 2 MHz mandatory modes Ultra-low power consumption Optimized for small packet size Long sleep time Burst traffic Native IP support Large numbers of devices per AP (8,191) Indoor Low Power Sensors ac ac ah Backhaul Sensors & Meter Data Extended Range Wi-Fi

WLAN 802.11p (Release) A Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.

Environment (WAVE) based technology to support

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2X) communication

receives broadcasts of neighboring road users

21 WLAN p (Release) A Wi-Fi (IEEE p: Amendment 6, Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE) based technology to support Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2X) communication Vehicle broadcasts its position and speed and receives broadcasts of neighboring road users Frequency range: GHz Developed based on a but targets for reliable connection and low latency, Main uses: Vehicle safety services Commerce transactions via cars Toll collection Traffic management Data refer from ARIB Data refer from IEEE 21

22 Connected Car (Car-to-X) p vs a Frequency: 5.9 GHz ( GHz) 1 control and 6 service channels with 10 MHz spacing p vs a : Targets the reliable connection rather than higher data rates Physical parameters comparison between a and p standards Parameters a (20 MHz) p Channel bandwidth 20 MHz 5, 10, 20 MHz Bit Rate (Mbps) 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, , 2.25, 3, 4.5, 6, 9, 12, , 24, 27, 36, 48, 54 Modulation Type BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 # of Subcarriers Symbol duration 4 µs 16, 8, 4us Guard Time 0.8 µs 3.2, 1.6, 0.8 µs Preamble duration 16 µs 64, 32, 16 µs Subcarrier Spacing khz , , khz SEM Fixed Class A-D

23 Smart Energy Systems Overview Wi-SUN (Wireless Smart Utility Network) Field-Area Network Wi-SUN Generation Transmission Substation Distribution Data Concentrator Neighborhood Area Network Smart Meter Home 23

24 IEEE g Standards 3 physical layer (PHY) standards supported: MR-FSK*: 2FSK and 4FSK modulation used MR-OFDM: 4 options with different FFT size and bandwidths MR-O-QPSK*: DSSS and multiplexed DSSS used Frequency bands depend on regulatory requirements, may include bands around 169, , 780, , , , and MHz Wi-SUN Alliance PHY conformance tests and profiles being developed for MR-FSK PHY. *MR: Multi-rate and multi-regional, O-QPSK: Offset QPSK Data Rate (kpbs) Modulation Index (h) Channel Spacing (khz) Region Japan, US/BZ Japan Japan US/BZ US/BZ US/BZ Japan, US/BZ 24

25 LTE MTC (Machine-Type Communications) Benefits from the reliability, efficiency, and longevity of 4G LTE. Optimizing LTE Advanced for machine-type communications(mtc). Co-exists with mobile broadband services enabling continued M2M business model innovations. Data refer from Qualcomm 25

LTE MTC (Machine-Type Communications) Features Power saving: Enhanced Power Save Mode (PSM): More efficiently turn on/off modem; optimized for scheduled applications Extended Discontinuous Reception

26 LTE MTC (Machine-Type Communications) Features Power saving: Enhanced Power Save Mode (PSM): More efficiently turn on/off modem; optimized for scheduled applications Extended Discontinuous Reception (DRX): Longer sleep cycles optimized for delay-tolerant Connectionless Random Access Channel (RACH) Less frequent Tracking Area Updates (TAUs) and measurements Reduces device cost: Narrowband (~1 MHz) Reduced Data Rate (<2 Mbps1) Single receive antenna Half Duplex Operation 26

27 LoRa Alliance LoRa : Long Range M2M communications used for applications like the Internet of Things, IoT, using very low power levels. LoRa Alliance is an open, non-profit association that was formally launched at MWC in Members of the LoRa Alliance include Actility, Cisco, Eolane, IBM, Kerlink, IMST, MultiTech, Sagemcom, Semtech, and Microchip Technology. Key Features Low Cost: simple modulation Low power: Long battery life in excess of ten years Long range: ~15-20 km

28 LoRa Physical Layer Frequency bands: sub-1ghz ISM bands 868 MHz for Europe 915 MHz for North America 433 MHz band for Asia Bandwidth 7.8 khz; 10.4 khz; 15.6 khz; 20.8 khz; 31.2 khz; 41.7 khz; 62.5 khz; 125 khz; 250 khz; 500 khz. Modulation Chirp Spread spectrum modulation Forward error correction, FEC 28

Sensitivity: ~-148 dbm Network Capacity & Security: Easy connect to

29 LoRa Capability Low power: Long battery life in excess of ten years Long range: >2km dense urban, >15km suburban, >80km VLOS. Sensitivity: ~-148 dbm Network Capacity & Security: Easy connect to Gateway Star Network / Link Rate Adaptation / Fully Scalable Network No SIM 29

30 IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Compare 30

31 IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Summary Standards Freq(s) Max BW Data rate Mod Range Network Applications LTE-M Category 0/1 (LTE Rel12/13) ah (IEEE ) p (IEEE ) Bluetooth Low Energy Z-Wave (ITU G.9959) ZigBee ( ) Thread ( ) Wi-Sun ( g) LTE band Sub GHz 5.8~5.9 GHz 1.4 MHz 1 to 16 MHz 5/10/20 MHz 200 kbps ~ 1 Mbps 150 kbps to 78 Mbps 1.5 Mbps to 54 Mbps OFDM 1000 m WMAN OFDM 1000 m WLAN OFDM 1000 m WLAN 2.4 GHz 2 MHz 1 Mbps GFSK 50 m WPAN MHz MHz ISM < 2.4 GHz ISM < 2.4 GHz ISM < 2.4 GHz 200 khz 5 MHz 5 MHz 200 khz to 1.2 MHz 9.6 kbps ~100 kbps 40 kbps to 250 kbps 40 kbps to 250 kbps 50 kbps to 1 Mbps BFSK GFSK BPSK OQPSK BPSK, FSK OQPSK FSK,OFDM, OQPSK 100 m WPAN 10 m WPAN 10 m WPAN 1000 m WNAN lower speed and power versions of the LTE standard defined in Rel12/13 Target for IoT, wearable devices or extend range Wireless access in vehicle environment (WAVE) automotive, healthcare, security, home entertainment Remote controls, smoke alarm, security sensors Owned by Denmark Zensys Home automation, smart grid, remote control Mesh network for home and support 6LoWPAN FAN and HAN Smart Utility Networks, Smart Grid, Smart Metering NFC (ISO/IEC18092) MHz 1 MHz 848 kbps FSK, ASK 20 cm P2P Contactless payment, easy other connection (Wi-Fi, BT), identity and access

32 Agenda Keysight Technologies 32 IoT Market and Applications Overview IoT Wireless Technologies and Test Challenges Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solutions

33 Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solution N7624/5B N9080/2A N7617B ah LTE Cat0 N7622B N9077A N9064A N9081A N7606B N7610B N9064A

34 N9081A Bluetooth Measurements Basic Rate Low Energy EDR Up to 255 Octets (2040 bits) 34

35 N9064A ZigBee/Thread Demodulation 35

N9077B 802.11ah Test Solution 802.11ah Transmit Test Solution EXM supports 802.

36 N9077B ah Test Solution ah Transmit Test Solution EXM supports ah 1/2/4/8/16MHz Full measurement result set - Transmit Power - Modulation Accuracy - Spectrum emission mask ah Receiver Test Signal Studio to generate ah waveforms Support 1/2/4/8/16MHz bandwidth ah 2MHz SEM measurement

N9077B 802.11p Test Solution 802.11p Transmit Test Solution EXM supports 802.

37 N9077B p Test Solution p Transmit Test Solution EXM supports p 5 MHz/10MHz/20MHz Product option EXM V9077B-2FP Full measurement result set - Transmit Power - Modulation Accuracy - Spectrum emission mask p Receiver Test Support p 5 MHz/10MHz/20MHz bandwidth 37

Wi-SUN Signal Generation Keysight New Signal Studio for IEEE 802.15.

38 Wi-SUN Signal Generation Keysight New Signal Studio for IEEE g N7610B - Create signals compliant to g which can support Wi-SUN PHY standards - Full channel coding, flexible configuration of MAC headers and data types for receiver PER tests - Support multi-rate and multi-regional frequency and multidata rates defined in g specifications - Support Wi-SUN MR-FSK and MR-OFDM formats - Support the waveform generation on EXG/MXG, PSG, ESG and PXIe VSG* * Note: only support waveform export/import for PXIe VSG at August 2014 release. N7610B Configuration and Pricing: - N7610B - QFP: Advanced MR-FSK - N7610B - RFP: Advanced MR-OFDM AFS date: Aug Web go-live: Aug New image with KeySight logo 38

39 N9064A WiSUN Solution 39

Wireless Technologies in Smarthome application and RF test

Wireless Technologies in Smarthome application and RF test Sep 2015 Brian Su Project Manager Agenda Introduction and Market Situation Key Enabling Technologies Test Solution 2 What is IoT? Internet of