Designing Maps. About Maps CHAPTER

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1 10 CHAPTER This chapter contains the following sections: About Maps, page 10-1 Adding a Campus Map, page 10-2 Adding a Building to a Campus Map, page 10-3 Adding Floor Areas, page 10-5 Monitoring Floor Area, page Using the Automatic Hierarchy to Create Maps, page Using the Map Editor, page Adding an Outdoor Area, page Using Planning Mode, page Using Chokepoints to Enhance Tag Location Reporting, page Configuring Wi-Fi TDOA Receivers, page About Maps Maps provide a summary view of all your managed systems on campuses, buildings, outdoor areas, and floors. In addition to the features of the legacy maps, Cisco Prime Infrastructure 1.2 enables you to use the features of the Next Generation Maps. The Next Generation Maps feature is enabled by default. Use the Administration > User Preferences page to disable or enable this feature. The Next Generation Maps feature provides you the following benefits: Displays large amount of information on map. When you have numerous clients, interferers and access points, these may clutter the display on Prime Infrastructure map pages. Also, pages load slowly. Prime Infrastructure 1.2 introduces clustering and layering of information. Information cluster reduces clutter at the high level and reveals more information when you click an object. For details, see the Monitoring Floor Area section on page Simplifies and accelerates the process of adding APs to the map. In the legacy maps, the process of adding access points to maps is manual and tedious. With Prime Infrastructure 1.2, you can use automated hierarchy creation to add and name access points. For details, see the Using the Automatic Hierarchy to Create Maps section on page

2 Adding a Campus Map Chapter 10 Provides High quality map image with easy navigation and zoom/pan controls. In the legacy maps, the map image quality is low and navigating, zooming, and panning is slow. With Prime Infrastructure 1.2, you can use the next-generation tile-aware map engine to load maps faster and zoom/pan easily Also, Next Generation Maps enables administrators to load high resolution maps faster and navigate around the map. For details, see the Panning and Zooming with Next Generation Maps section on page Table 10-1 Process for Working with Maps 1. Add a new campus/building map Choose Design > Site Maps. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Campus or New Building. 2. Add a floor map Choose Design > Site Maps.From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Floor Area. 3. Use Map Editor Choose Design > Site Maps. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Map Editor. Adding a Campus Map To add a single campus map to the Prime Infrastructure database, follow these steps: Save the map in.png,.jpg,.jpeg, or.gif format. The map can be of any size because Prime Infrastructure automatically resizes the map to fit its working areas. Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Browse to and import the map from anywhere in your file system. Choose Design > Site Maps to display the Maps page. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Campus, and click Go. In the Maps > New Campus page, enter the campus name and campus contact name. Browse to and choose the image filename containing the map of the campus, and click Open. Select the Maintain Aspect Ratio check box to prevent length and width distortion when Prime Infrastructure resizes the map. Enter the horizontal and vertical span of the map in feet. To change the unit of measurement (feet or meters), choose Design > Site Maps and choose Properties from the Select a command drop-down list. The horizontal and vertical span should be larger than any building or floor plan to be added to the campus. Step 9 0 Click OK to add this campus map to the Prime Infrastructure database. Prime Infrastructure displays the Maps page, which lists maps in the database, map types, and campus status. (Optional) To assign location presence information, click the newly created campus link in the Design > Site Maps page. 10-2

3 Chapter 10 Adding a Building to a Campus Map Adding a Building to a Campus Map To add a building to a campus map in the Prime Infrastructure database, follow these steps: Choose Design > Site Maps to display the Maps page. Click the desired campus. The Site Maps > Campus Name page appears. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Building, and click Go. In the Campus Name > New Building page, follow these steps to create a virtual building in which to organize related floor plan maps: a. Enter the building name. b. Enter the building contact name. c. Enter the number of floors and basements. d. Enter the horizontal position (distance from the corner of the building rectangle to the left edge of the campus map) and the vertical position (distance from the corner of the building rectangle to the top edge of the campus map) in feet. To change the unit of measurement (feet or meters), choose Design > Site Maps, and choose Properties from the Select a command drop-down list. e. Enter an approximate building horizontal span and vertical span (width and depth on the map) in feet. The horizontal and vertical span should be larger than or the same size as any floors that you might add later. Tip You can also use Ctrl-click to resize the bounding area in the upper-left corner of the campus map. As you change the size of the bounding area, the Horizontal Span and Vertical Span parameters of the building change to match your actions. f. Click Place to put the building on the campus map. Prime Infrastructure creates a building rectangle scaled to the size of the campus map. g. Click the building rectangle and drag it to the desired position on the campus map. After adding a new building, you can move it from one campus to another without having to recreate it. h. Click Save to save this building and its campus location to the database. Prime Infrastructure saves the building name in the building rectangle on the campus map. A hyperlink associated with the building takes you to the corresponding Map page. 10-3

4 Adding a Building to a Campus Map Chapter 10 (Optional) To assign location presence information for the new outdoor area, do the following: a. Choose Edit Location Presence Info from the Select a command drop-down list. Click Go. The Location Presence page appears. By default, the Presence Info check box of the Override Child Element is selected. This option should remain selected if you want to propagate the campus location to all buildings and floors on that campus. When adding buildings to the campus map, you can import the campus location information. The campus address cannot be imported to a building if the check box is unselected. This option should be unselected if you want to assign building-specific addresses to buildings on its campus rather than one campus address to all. b. Click the Civic Address or Advanced tab. Civic Address identifies the campus by name, street, house number, house number suffix, city (address line2), state, postal code, and country. Advanced identifies the campus with expanded civic information such as neighborhood, city division, country, and postal community name. Each selected field is inclusive of all of those above it. For example, if you choose Advanced, it can also provide FCivic location information upon client demand. The selected setting must match what is set on the location server level (Services > Mobility Services). Step 6 c. By default, the Override Child s Presence Information check box is selected. There is no need to alter this setting for standalone buildings. Click Save. Adding a Standalone Building To add a standalone building to the Prime Infrastructure database, follow these steps: Choose Design > Site Maps to display the Maps page. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Building, and click Go. In the Maps > New Building page, follow these steps to create a virtual building in which to organize related floor plan maps: a. Enter the building name. b. Enter the building contact name. After adding a new building, you can move it from one campus to another without having to recreate it. c. Enter the number of floors and basements. d. Enter an approximate building horizontal span and vertical span (width and depth on the map) in feet. 10-4

5 Chapter 10 Adding Floor Areas To change the unit of measurement (feet or meters), choose Design > Site Maps, and choose Properties from the Select a command drop-down list. The horizontal and vertical span should be larger than or the same size as any floors that you might add later. e. Click OK to save this building to the database. (Optional) To assign location presence information for the new building, do the following: a. Choose Location Presence from the Select a command drop-down list. Click Go. The Location Presence page appears. b. Click the Civic or Advanced tab. Civic Address identifies the campus by name, street, house number, house number suffix, city (address line2), state, postal code, and country. Advanced identifies the campus with expanded civic information such as neighborhood, city division, county, and postal community name. Each selected field is inclusive of all of those above it. For example, if you select Advanced, it can also provide Civic location information upon client demand. The selected setting must match what is set on the location server level (Services > Mobility Services). c. By default, the Presence Info check box of the Override Child Element is selected. This option should remain selected if you want to propagate the campus location to all buildings and floors on that campus. When adding buildings to the campus map, you can import the location information. The campus address cannot be imported to a building if the check box is unselected. This option should be deselected if you want to assign building-specific addresses to buildings on its campus rather than one campus address to all. Click Save. The standalone buildings are automatically placed in System Campus. Adding Floor Areas This section describes how to add floor plans to either a campus building or a standalone building in the Prime Infrastructure database. Adding Floor Areas to a Campus Building After you add a building to a campus map, you can add individual floor plan and basement maps to the building. 10-5

6 Adding Floor Areas Chapter 10 Use the zoom controls at the top of the campus image to enlarge or decrease the size of the map view and to hide or show the map grid (which displays the map size in feet or meters). To add a floor area to a campus building, follow these steps: Save your floor plan maps in.png,.jpg,,jpeg, or.gif format. The maps can be any size because Prime Infrastructure automatically resizes the maps to fit the workspace. If there are problems converting the auto-cad file, an error message is displayed. Prime Infrastructure uses a native image conversion library to convert auto-cad files into raster formats like.png. If the native library cannot be loaded, Prime Infrastructure displays an unable to convert the auto-cad file message. If you receive this error, make sure all the required dependencies are met for the native library. To find any dependency problems, use ldd on Linux platforms. The following DLLs must be present under the /webnms/rfdlls Prime Infrastructure installation directory: LIBGFL254.DLL, MFC71.DLL, MSVCR71.DLL, and MSVCP71.DLL. If dependency problems occur, you might need to install the required libraries and restart Prime Infrastructure. An imported auto-cad file can become blurred when you zoom. Without the zoom, the clarity is about the same as the original auto-cad file. Make sure all relevant sections are clearly visible in the original auto-cad file (DWG/DXF) and then import the auto-cad file into.png/.gif format rather than.jpeg or.jpg. The floor map image is enhanced for zooming and panning. The floor image will not be visible completely until this operation is complete. You can zoom in and out to view the complete map image. For example, if you have a high resolution image (near 181 megapixels) whose size is approximately 60 megabytes, it may take two minutes to appear on the map. Choose Design > Site Maps From the Maps Tree View or the Design > Site Maps list, choose the applicable campus building to open the Building View page. Hover your mouse cursor over the name within an existing building rectangle to highlight it. You can also access the building from the Campus View page. In the Campus View page, click the building name to open the Building View page. Step 6 From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Floor Area. Click Go. The New Floor Area page appears 10-6

7 Chapter 10 Adding Floor Areas Step 7 In the New Floor Area page, follow these steps to add floors to a building in which to organize related floor plan maps: a. Enter the floor area and contact names. b. Choose the floor or basement number from the Floor drop-down list. c. Choose the floor or basement type (RF Model). d. Enter the floor-to-floor height in feet. To change the unit of measurement (feet or meters), choose Design > Site Maps, and choose Properties from the Select a command drop-down list. e. Select the Image or CAD File check box. f. Browse to and choose the desired floor or basement image or CAD filename, and click Open. If you are importing a CAD file, use the Convert CAD File drop-down list to determine the image file for conversion. Tip We do not recommend a.jpeg (.JPG) format for an auto-cad conversion. Unless a JPEG is specifically required, use.png or.gif format for higher quality images. g. Click Next. At this point, if a CAD file was specified, a default image preview is generated and loaded. Prime Infrastructure uses a native image conversion library to convert auto-cad files into raster formats like.png. When there are issues loading the native library, Prime Infrastructure displays the following error: "Unable to convert the auto-cad file. Reason: Error while loading the auto-cad image conversion library. For more information see Prime Infrastructure online help or Prime Infrastructure documentation. The names of the CAD file layers are listed with check boxes to the right side of the image indicating which are enabled. When you choose the floor or basement image filename, Prime Infrastructure displays the image in the building-sized grid. The maps can be any size because Prime Infrastructure automatically resizes the maps to fit the workspace. The map must be saved in.png,.jpg,.jpeg, or.gif format. h. If you have CAD file layers, you can select or deselect as many as you want and click Preview to view an updated image. Click Next when you are ready to proceed with the selected layers. 10-7

8 Adding Floor Areas Chapter 10 Enter the remaining parameters for the floor area i. Either leave the Maintain Aspect Ratio check box selected to preserve the original image aspect ratio or unselect the check box to change the image aspect ratio. j. Enter an approximate floor or basement horizontal and vertical span (width and depth on the map) in feet. The horizontal and vertical spans should be smaller than or the same size as the building horizontal and vertical spans in the Prime Infrastructure Prime Infrastructuredatabase. k. If applicable, enter the horizontal position (distance from the corner of the outdoor area rectangle to the left edge of the campus map) and vertical position (distance from the corner of the outdoor area rectangle to the top edge of the campus map) in feet or meters. Tip Use Ctrl-click to resize the image within the building-sized grid. l. If desired, select the Launch Map Editor after floor creation check box to rescale the floor and draw walls. m. Click OK to save this floor plan to the database. The floor is added to the Maps Tree View and the Design > Site Maps list. Use different floor names in each building. If you are adding more than one building to the campus map, do not use a floor name that exists in another building. This overlap causes incorrect mapping information between a floor and a building. Step 8 Click any of the floor or basement images to view the floor plan or basement map. You can zoom in or out to view the map at different sizes and you can add access points. Adding Floor Plans to a Standalone Building After you have added a standalone building to the Prime Infrastructure database, you can add individual floor plan maps to the building. To add floor plans to a standalone building, follow these steps: Save your floor plan maps in.png,.jpg, or.gif format. The maps can be any size because Prime Infrastructure automatically resizes the maps to fit the workspace. Browse to and import the floor plan maps from anywhere in your file system. You can import CAD files in DXF or DWG formats or any of the formats you created in. 10-8

9 Chapter 10 Adding Floor Areas If there are problems converting the auto-cad file, an error message is displayed. Prime Infrastructure uses a native image conversion library to convert auto-cad files into raster formats like.png. If the native library cannot be loaded, Prime Infrastructure displays an unable to convert the auto-cad file message. If you receive this error, make sure all the required dependencies are met for the native library. To find any dependency problems, use ldd on Linux platforms. The following DLLs must be present under the /webnms/rfdlls Prime Infrastructure installation directory: LIBGFL254.DLL, MFC71.DLL, MSVCR71.DLL, and MSVCP71.DLL. If dependency problems occur, you might need to install the required libraries and restart Prime Infrastructure. Step 6 Step 7 Choose Design > Site Maps. From the Maps Tree View or the Design > Site Maps left sidebar menu, choose the desired building to display the Building View page. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose New Floor Area. Click Go. In the New Floor Area page, add the following information: Enter the floor area and contact names. Choose the floor or basement number from the Floor drop-down list. Choose the floor or basement type (RF Model). Enter the floor-to-floor height in feet. Select the Image or CAD File check box. Browse to and choose the desired floor or basement Image or CAD file, and click Open. If you are importing a CAD file, use the Convert CAD File drop-down list to determine the image file for conversion. Tip A.JPEG (.JPG) format is not recommended for an auto-cad conversion. Unless a.jpeg is specifically required, use a.png or.gif format for higher quality images. Step 8 Click Next. At this point, if a CAD file was specified, a default image preview is generated and loaded. Prime Infrastructure uses a native image conversion library to convert auto-cad files into raster formats like.png. When there are issues loading the native library, Prime Infrastructure displays the following error: "Unable to convert the auto-cad file. Reason: Error while loading the auto-cad image conversion library. For more information, see Prime Infrastructure online help or Prime Infrastructure documentation." The names of the CAD file layers are listed with check boxes to the right side of the image indicating which are enabled. When you choose the floor or basement image filename, Prime Infrastructure displays the image in the building-sized grid. 10-9

10 Monitoring Floor Area Chapter 10 The maps can be any size because Prime Infrastructure automatically resizes the maps to fit the workspace. The map must be saved in.png,.jpg,.jpeg, or.gif format. Step 9 If you have CAD file layers, you can select or deselect as many as you want and click Preview to view an updated image. Click Next when you are ready to proceed with the selected layers. Enter the remaining parameters for the floor area. Either leave the Maintain Aspect Ratio check box selected to preserve the original image aspect ratio or unselect the check box to change the image aspect ratio. Enter an approximate floor or basement horizontal and vertical span (width and depth on the map) in feet. The horizontal and vertical spans should be smaller than or the same size as the building horizontal and vertical spans in the Prime Infrastructure database. If applicable, enter the horizontal position (distance from the corner of the outdoor area rectangle to the left edge of the campus map) and vertical position (distance from the corner of the outdoor area rectangle to the top edge of the campus map) in feet or meters. Tip Use Ctrl-click to resize the image within the building-sized grid. 0 1 Adjust the floor characteristics with Prime Infrastructure map editor by selecting the check box next to Launch Map Editor. See the Using the Map Editor section on page for more information regarding the map editor feature. Click OK to save this floor plan to the database. The floor is added to the Maps Tree View and the Design > Site Maps list. Click any of the floor or basement images to view the floor plan or basement map. You can zoom in or out to view the map at different sizes and you can add access points. Monitoring Floor Area The floor area is the area of each floor of the building measured to the outer surface of the outer walls including the area of lobbies, cellars, elevator shafts, and in multi-dwelling buildings, all the common spaces. This section contains the following topics: Panning and Zooming with Next Generation Maps, page Adding Access Points to a Floor Area, page

11 Chapter 10 Monitoring Floor Area Placing Access Points, page Panning and Zooming with Next Generation Maps Panning To move the map click and hold the left mouse button and drag the map to a new place. You can also move the map North, South, East or West using the pan arrows. These can be found on the top left hand corner of the map (see Figure 10-1). Figure 10-1 Panning Control You can also perform the panning operations using the arrow keys on a keyboard. Zooming in and out - changing the scale The zooming levels depend upon the resolution of an image. A high resolution image may provide more zoom levels. Each zoom level is made of a different style map shown at different scales, each one showing more or less detail. Some maps will be of the same style, but at a smaller or larger scale. To see a map with more detail you need to zoom in. You can do this using the zoom bar on the left hand side of the map (see Figure 10-2). Click the + sign on the top of the zoom bar. To centre and zoom in on a location, double click the location. To see a map with less detail you need to zoom out. To do this, click the - sign on the bottom of the zoom bar. Figure 10-2 Zooming Control You can perform zooming operations using mouse or keyboard. With keyboard, click the + or - signs to zoom in or zoom out. With mouse, use the mouse scroll wheel to zoom in or zoom out or double click to zoom in. Adding Access Points to a Floor Area After you add the.png,.jpg,.jpeg, or.gif format floor plan and outdoor area maps to the Prime Infrastructure database, you can position lightweight access point icons on the maps to show where they are installed in the buildings. To add access points to a floor area and outdoor area, follow these steps: Choose Design > Site Maps From the Maps Tree View or the Design > Site Maps left sidebar menu, select the applicable floor to open the Floor View page 10-11

12 Monitoring Floor Area Chapter 10 From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Add Access Points, and click Go. In the Add Access Points page, select the check boxes of the access points that you want to add to the floor area. If you want to search for access points, enter AP name or MAC address (Ethernet/Radio)/IP in the Search AP [Name/MacAddress (Ethernet/Radio)/IP] text box, and then click Search. The search is case-insensitive. Only access points that are not yet assigned to any floor or outdoor area appear in the list. Select the check box at the top of the list to select all access points. Step 6 When all of the applicable access points are selected, click OK located at the bottom of the access point list. The Position Access Points page appears. Each access point you have chosen to add to the floor map is represented by a gray circle (differentiated by access point name or MAC address) and is lined up in the upper left part of the floor map. Click and drag each access point to the appropriate location. Access points turn blue when selected. When you drag an access point on the map, its horizontal and vertical position appears in the Horizontal and Vertical text boxes. The small black arrow at the side of each access point represents Side A of each access point, and each access point arrow must correspond with the direction in which the access points were installed. Side A is clearly noted on each 1000 series access point and has no relevance to the a/n radio. To adjust the directional arrow, choose the appropriate orientation from the Antenna Angle drop-down list. When selected, the access point details are displayed on the left side of the page. Access point details include the following: AP Model Indicates the model type of the selected access point. Protocol Choose the protocol for this access point from the drop-down list. Antenna Choose the appropriate antenna type for this access point from the drop-down list. Antenna/AP Image The antenna image reflects the antenna selected from the Antenna drop-down list. Click the arrow at the top right of the antenna image to expand the image size. Antenna Orientation Depending on the antenna type, enter the Azimuth and the Elevation orientations in degrees. The Azimuth option does not appear for Omnidirectional antennas because their pattern is nondirectional in azimuth

13 Chapter 10 Monitoring Floor Area For internal antennas, the same elevation angle applies to both radios. The antenna angle is relative to the map X axis. Because the origin of the X (horizontal) and Y (vertical) axes is in the upper left corner of the map, 0 degrees points side A of the access point to the right, 90 degrees points side A down, 180 degrees points side A to the left, and so on. The antenna elevation is used to move the antenna vertically, up or down, to a maximum of 90 degrees. Make sure each access point is in the correct location on the map and has the correct antenna orientation. Accurate access point positioning is critical when you use the maps to find coverage holes and rogue access points. Step 7 See the following URL for further information about the antenna elevation and azimuth patterns: When you are finished placing and adjusting each access point, click Save. Clicking Save causes the antenna gain on the access point to correspond to the selected antenna. This might cause the radio to reset. Prime Infrastructure computes the RF prediction for the coverage area. These RF predictions are popularly known as heat maps because they show the relative intensity of the RF signals on the coverage area map. This display is only an approximation of the actual RF signal intensity because it does not take into account the attenuation of various building materials, such as drywall or metal objects, nor does it display the effects of RF signals bouncing off obstructions. Antenna gain settings have no effect on heatmaps and location calculations. Antenna gain is implicitly associated to the antenna name. Because of this, the following apply: If an antenna is used and marked as Other in Prime Infrastructure, it is ignored for all heatmap and location calculations; If an antenna is used and marked as a Cisco antenna in Prime Infrastructure, that antenna gain setting (internal value on Prime Infrastructure) is used no matter what gain is set on the controller. See the Placing Access Points section on page for more information on placing access points on a map. You can change the position of access points by importing or exporting a file. See the Positioning Wi-Fi TDOA Receivers section on page for more information

14 Monitoring Floor Area Chapter 10 Placing Access Points To determine the best location of all devices in the wireless LAN coverage areas, you need to consider the access point density and location. Ensure that no fewer than 3 access points, and preferably 4 or 5, provide coverage to every area where device location is required. The more access points that detect a device, the better. This high level guideline translates into the following best practices, ordered by priority: 1. Most importantly, access points should surround the desired location. 2. One access point should be placed roughly every 50 to 70 linear feet (about 17 to 20 meters). This translates into one access point every 2,500 to 5000 square feet (about 230 to 450 square meters). The access point must be mounted so that it is under 20 feet high. For best performance, a mounting at 10 feet would be ideal. Following these guidelines makes it more likely that access points detect tracked devices. Rarely do two physical environments have the same RF characteristics. Users might need to adjust these parameters to their specific environment and requirements. Devices must be detected at signals greater than 75 dbm for the controllers to forward information to the location appliance. No fewer than three access points should be able to detect any device at signals below 75 dbm. If you have a ceiling-mounted AP with an integrated omni-directional antenna, the antenna orientation does not really need to be set in Prime Infrastructure. However, if you mount that same AP on the wall, you must set the antenna orientation to 90 degrees. Table 10-2 describes the orientation of the access points. Table 10-2 Antenna Orientation of the Access Points Access Point Antenna Orientation 1140 mounted on the ceiling The Cisco logo should be pointing to the floor. Elevation: 0 degrees mounted on the ceiling The antenna should be perpendicular to the access point. Elevation: 0 degrees mounted on the wall The antenna should be parallel to the access point. Elevation: 0 degrees. If the antenna is perpendicular to the AP then the angle is 90 degrees (up or down does not matter as the dipole is omni)

15 Chapter 10 Using the Automatic Hierarchy to Create Maps Using the Automatic Hierarchy to Create Maps Automatic Hierarchy Creation is a way for you to quickly create maps and assign access points to maps in Prime Infrastructure. You can use Automatic Hierarchy Creation to create maps, once you have added wireless LAN controllers to Prime Infrastructure and named your access points. Also, you can use it after adding access points to your network to assign access points to maps in Prime Infrastructure. To use the Automatic Hierarchy Creation feature, you must have an established naming pattern for your wireless access points that provides the campus, building, floor, or outdoor area names for the maps. For example, San Jose-01-GroundFloor-AP3500i1. Choose Design > Automatic Hierarchy Creation to display the Automatic Hierarchy Creation page. In the text box, enter the name of an access point on your system. Or, you can choose one from the list. This name is used to create a regular expression to create your maps. To update a previously created regular expression, select Load and Continue next to the expression and update the expression accordingly. To delete a regular expression, select Delete next to the expression. Click Next. If your access point s name has a delimiter, enter it in the text box and click Generate. The system generates a regular expression that matches your access point s name based on the delimiter. For example, using the dash (-) delimiter in the access point name San Jose-01-GroundFloor-AP3500i1, produces the regular expression /(.*)-(.*)-(.*)-(.*)/. If you have a more complicated access point name, you can manually enter the regular expression. You are not required to enter the leading and trailing slashes. Step 6 Click Test. The system displays the maps that will be created for the access point name and the regular expression entered. Using the Group fields, assign matching groups to hierarchy types. For example, if your access point is named: SJC14-4-AP-BREAK-ROOM In this example, the campus name is SJC, the building name is 14, the floor name is 4, and the AP name is AP-BREAK-ROOM. Use the regular expression: /([A-Z]+)(\d+)-(\d+)-(.*)/ From the AP name, the following groups are extracted: 1. SJC AP-BREAK-ROOM 10-15

16 Using the Automatic Hierarchy to Create Maps Chapter 10 The matching groups are assigned from left to right, starting at 1. To make the matching groups match the hierarchy elements, use the drop-down list for each group number to select the appropriate hierarchy element. This enables you to have almost any ordering of locations in your access point names. For example, if your access point is named: EastLab-Atrium2-3-SanFrancisco If you use the regular expression: /(.*)-(.*)-(.*)-(.*)/ with the following group mapping: 1. Building 2. Device Name 3. Floor 4. Campus Automatic Hierarchy Creation produces campus named SanFrancisco, a building under that campus named EastLab, and a floor in EastLab named 3. The two hierarchy types, Not in device name and Device have no effect, but enable you to skip groups in case you need to use a matching group for some other purpose. Automatic Hierarchy Creation requires the following groups to be mapped in order to compute a map on which to place the access point: Campus group present in match? Building group present in match? Floor group present in match? Resulting location Yes Yes Yes Campus > Building > Floor Yes Yes No Failed match Yes No Yes Campus > Floor (where Floor is an outdoor area) Yes No No Failed match No Yes Yes System Campus > Building > Floor No Yes No Failed match No No Yes Failed match No No No Failed match Automatic Hierarchy Creation attempts to guess the floor index from the floor name. If the floor name is a number, AHC will assign the floor a positive floor index. If the floor name is a negative number or starts with the letter B (for example, b1, -4, or B2), AHC assigns the floor a negative floor index. This indicates that the floor is a basement. When searching for an existing map on which to place the access point, AHC considers floors in the access point s building with the same floor index as the access point s name. For example, if the map SF > MarketStreet > Sublevel1 exists and has a floor index of -1, then the access point SF-MarketStreet-b1-MON1 will be assigned to that floor." 10-16

17 Chapter 10 Using the Map Editor Step 7 Step 8 Click Next. You can test against more access points. You may test your regular expression and matching group mapping against more access points by entering the access point s names in the Add more device names to test against field, and clicking the Add button. You then click the Test button to test each of the access points names in the table. The result of each test is displayed in the table. If required, return to the previous step to edit the regular expression or group mapping for the current regular expression. Click Next, then click Save and Apply. This applies the regular expression to the system. The system processes all the access points that are not assigned to a map. You can edit the maps to include floor images, correct dimensions, and so on. When Automatic Hierarchy Creation creates a map, it uses the default dimensions of 20 feet by 20 feet. You will need to edit the created maps to specify the correct dimensions and other attributes. Maps created using Automatic Hierarchy Creation appear in the maps list with an incomplete icon. Once you have edited a map, the incomplete icon disappears. You may hide the column for incomplete maps by clicking the Edit View link. Using the Map Editor You use the Map Editor to define, draw, and enhance floor plan information. The map editor allows you to create obstacles so that they can be taken into consideration while computing RF prediction heatmaps for access points. You can also add coverage areas for location appliances that locate clients and tags in that particular area. Guidelines for Using the Map Editor Consider the following when modifying a building or floor map using the map editor: We recommend that you use the map editor to draw walls and other obstacles rather than importing an.fpe file from the legacy floor plan editor. If necessary, you can still import.fpe files. To do so, navigate to the desired floor area, choose Edit Floor Area from the Select a command drop-down list, click Go, select the FPE File check box, and browse to choose the.fpe file. You can add any number of walls to a floor plan with the map editor; however, the processing power and memory of a client workstation might limit the refresh and rendering aspects of Prime Infrastructure. We recommend a practical limit of 400 walls per floor for machines with 1GB RAM or less. All walls are used by Prime Infrastructure when generating RF coverage heatmaps. Guidelines for Placing Access Points Place access points along the periphery of coverage areas to keep devices close to the exterior of rooms and buildings (see Figure 10-3). Access points placed in the center of these coverage areas provide good data on devices that would otherwise appear equidistant from all other access points

18 Using the Map Editor Chapter 10 Figure 10-3 Access Points Clustered Together By increasing overall access point density and moving access points towards the perimeter of the coverage area, location accuracy is greatly improved (see Figure 10-4). Figure 10-4 Improved Location Accuracy by Increasing Density In long and narrow coverage areas, avoid placing access points in a straight line (see Figure 10-5). Stagger them so that each access point is more likely to provide a unique snapshot of a device location. Figure 10-5 Refrain From Straight Line Placement Although the design in Figure 10-5 might provide enough access point density for high bandwidth applications, location suffers because each access point view of a single device is not varied enough; therefore, location is difficult to determine. Move the access points to the perimeter of the coverage area and stagger them. Each has a greater likelihood of offering a distinctly different view of the device, resulting in higher location accuracy (see Figure 10-6)

19 Chapter 10 Using the Map Editor Figure 10-6 Improved Location Accuracy by Staggering Around Perimeter Most current wireless handsets support only b/n, which offers only three non-overlapping channels. Therefore, wireless LANs designed for telephony tend to be less dense than those planned to carry data. Also, when traffic is queued in the Platinum QoS bucket (typically reserved for voice and other latency-sensitive traffic), lightweight access points postpone their scanning functions that allow them to peak at other channels and collect, among other things, device location information. The user has the option to supplement the wireless LAN deployment with access points set to monitor-only mode. Access points that perform only monitoring functions do not provide service to clients and do not create any interference. They simply scan the airwaves for device information. Less dense wireless LAN installations, such as voice networks, find their location accuracy greatly increased by the addition and proper placement of monitor access points (see Figure 10-7). Figure 10-7 Less Dense Wireless LAN Installations Verify coverage using a wireless laptop, handheld, or phone to ensure that no fewer than three access points are detected by the device. To verify client and asset tag location, ensure that Prime Infrastructure reports client devices and tags within the specified accuracy range (10 m, 90%). If you have a ceiling-mounted AP with an integrated omni-directional antenna, the antenna orientation does not really need to be set in Prime Infrastructure. However, if you mount that same AP on the wall, you must set the antenna orientation to 90 degrees. Guidelines for Inclusion and Exclusion Areas on a Floor Inclusion and exclusion areas can be any polygon shape and must have at least three points. You can only define one inclusion region on a floor. By default, an inclusion region is defined for each floor when it is added to Prime Infrastructure. The inclusion region is indicated by a solid aqua line, and generally outlines the region. You can define multiple exclusion regions on a floor

20 Using the Map Editor Chapter 10 Newly defined inclusion and exclusion regions appear on heatmaps only after the mobility services engine recalculates location. Opening the Map Editor Follow these steps to use the map editor: Choose Design > Site Map Design. Click the desired campus. The Site Maps > Campus Name page appears. Click a campus and then click a building. Click the desired floor area. The Site Maps > Campus Name > Building Name > Floor Area Name page appears. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Map Editor, and click Go. The Map Editor page appears. Map Editor Icons Table 10-3 Next Generation Maps Icons Icon Description Scale Floor Click anywhere on the map to start drawing line. Double click to finish the line and enter the new line length in the popup shown. This will modify the floor dimensions to the new dimensions. Measure Distance Click anywhere on the map to start drawing line. Double click to finish the line. Measured line length in ft/meters is shown on the top. Copy/Move Obstacles Select obstacles either by drawing a box on the map or by clicking on the obstacles. To copy obstacles, click the 'Copy' button. This will create new obstacles just above the selected obstacles. To move the obstacles, drag the selected obstacles to new position. Clicking anywhere on the map will unselect all the elements. Delete Mode Select the elements to be deleted either by drawing a box on the map or clicking on each element. Use Shift key to select multiple elements. Use the Ctrl key to toggle selection of elements, one at a time. Clicking anywhere on the map will unselect all the elements. Click the 'Delete' button to delete the selected elements Modify Mode Click an element and click the vertices to reshape or drag the element to move to a new position. Clicking anywhere on the map will unselect the selected element. Draw Coverage Area Draw Location Region 10-20

21 Chapter 10 Using the Map Editor Table 10-3 Next Generation Maps Icons (continued) Icon Description Draw Rail Draw Obastacle Click anywhere on the map to start drawing. Double click to finish drawing. Use Ctrl-z to undo, Ctrl-y to redo and 'Esc' key to cancel the current drawing. Place Marker Navigation Remove any selected modes such as drawing or editing and switches to navigation mode where you can view the map and perform zooming or panning. Using the Map Editor to Draw Coverage Areas If you have a building that is non-rectangular or you want to mark a non-rectangular area within a floor, you can use the map editor to draw a coverage area. Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Add the floor plan if it is not already represented in Prime Infrastructure. Choose Design > Site Maps. Click the Map Name that corresponds to the outdoor area, campus, building, or floor you want to edit. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Map Editor, and click Go. It the Map Editor page, click the Draw Coverage Area icon on the toolbar. A pop-up appears. Enter the name of the area that you are defining. Click OK. A drawing tool appears. Move the drawing tool to the area you want to outline. Click the left mouse button to begin and end drawing a line. When you have completely outlined the area, double-click the left mouse button and the area is highlighted in the page. The outlined area must be a closed object to appear highlighted on the map. Click the disk icon on the toolbar to save the newly drawn area

22 Using the Map Editor Chapter 10 Using the Map Editor to Draw Obstacles Table 10-4 describes the obstacle color coding. Table 10-4 Obstacle Color Coding Type of obstacle Color coding Loss (in db) Thick wall 13 Light wall 2 Heavy door 15 Light door 4 Cubicle 1 Glass 1.5 Defining an Inclusion Region on a Floor To define an inclusion area, follow these steps: Choose Design > Site Maps. Click the name of the appropriate floor area. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Map Editor. Click Go. At the map, click the aqua box on the toolbar. A message box appears reminding you that only one inclusion area can be defined at a time. Defining a new inclusion region automatically removes the previously defined inclusion region. By default, an inclusion region is defined for each floor when it is added to Prime Infrastructure. The inclusion region is indicated by a solid aqua line and generally outlines the region. Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Click OK in the message box that appears. A drawing icon appears to outline the inclusion area. To begin defining the inclusion area, move the drawing icon to a starting point on the map and click once. Move the cursor along the boundary of the area you want to include and click to end a border line. Click again to define the next boundary line. Repeat Step 8 until the area is outlined and then double-click the drawing icon. A solid aqua line defines the inclusion area

23 Chapter 10 Using the Map Editor 0 Choose Save from the Command menu or click the disk icon on the toolbar to save the inclusion region. If you made an error in defining the inclusion area, click the area. The selected area is outlined by a dashed aqua line. Next, click the X icon on the toolbar. The area is removed from the floor map. 1 2 Select the Location Regions check box if it is not already selected. If you want it to apply to all floor maps, click Save settings. Close the Layers configuration page. To resynchronize Prime Infrastructure and MSE databases, choose Services > Synchronize Services. If the two DBs are already synchronized then a resynchronization happens automatically every time there is a change. There is no need for an explicit resynch. 3 In the Synchronize page, choose Network Designs from the Synchronize drop-down list and then click Synchronize. You can confirm that the synchronization is successful by viewing two green arrows in the Sync. Status column. Newly defined inclusion and exclusion regions appear on heatmaps only after the mobility services engine recalculates location. Defining an Exclusion Region on a Floor To further refine location calculations on a floor, you can define areas that are excluded (exclusion areas) in the calculations. For example, you might want to exclude areas such as an atrium or stairwell within a building. As a rule, exclusion areas are generally defined within the borders of an inclusion area. To define an exclusion area, follow these steps: Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Choose Design > Site Maps. Click the name of the appropriate floor area. From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Map Editor. Click Go. At the map, click the purple box on the toolbar. Click OK in the message box that appears. A drawing icon appears to outline the exclusion area. To begin defining the exclusion area, move the drawing icon to the starting point on the map, and click once. Move the drawing icon along the boundary of the area you want to exclude. Click once to start a boundary line, and click again to end the boundary line. Repeat Step 8 until the area is outlined and then double-click the drawing icon. The defined exclusion area is shaded in purple when the area is completely defined. The excluded area is shaded in purple. 0 To define additional exclusion regions, repeat to Step

24 Using the Map Editor Chapter 10 1 When all exclusion areas are defined, choose Save from the Command menu or click the disk icon on the toolbar to save the exclusion region. To delete an exclusion area, click the area to be deleted. The selected area is outlined by a dashed purple line. Next, click the X icon on the toolbar. The area is removed from the floor map Select the Location Regions check box if it is not already selected, click Save settings, and close the Layers configuration page when complete. To resynchronize Prime Infrastructure and location databases, choose Services > Synchronize Services. In the Synchronize page, choose Network Designs from the Synchronize drop-down list and then click Synchronize. You can confirm that the synchronization is successful by viewing two green arrows in the Sync. Status column. Defining a Rail Line on a Floor You can define a rail line on a floor that represents a conveyor belt. Additionally, you can define an area around the rail area known as the snap-width to further assist location calculations. This represents the area in which you expect clients to appear. Any client located within the snap-width area is plotted on the rail line (majority) or just outside of the snap-width area (minority). Rail line configurations do not apply to tags. The snap-width area is defined in feet or meters (user-defined) and represents the distance that is monitored on either side (east and west or north and south) of the rail. To define a rail with a floor, follow these steps: Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Choose Design > Site Maps. Click the name of the appropriate floor area. Choose Map Editor from the Select a command drop-down list. Click Go. In the map, click the rail icon (to the right of the purple exclusion icon) on the toolbar. In the message dialog box that appears, enter a snap-width (feet or meters) for the rail and then click OK. A drawing icon appears. Click the drawing icon at the starting point of the rail line. Click again when you want to stop drawing the line or change the direction of the line. Click the drawing icon twice when the rail line is completely drawn on the floor map. The rail line appears on the map and is bordered on either side by the defined snap-width region. To delete a rail line, click the area to be deleted. The selected area is outlined by a dashed purple line. Next, click the X icon on the toolbar. The area is removed from the floor map