Fit for Developing Software

Transcription

1 Fit for Developing Software Framework for Integrated Tests Rick Mugridge Ward Cunningham 04) PRENTICE HALL Upper Saddle River, NJ Boston Indianapolis San Francisco New York Toronto Montreal London Munich Paris Madrid Capetown Sydney Tokyo Singapore Mexico City

2 Contents Foreword Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors 1. Introduction 1.1 The Need for Fit The Value of Fit Tables Fit and Business Roles Organization of the Book The Book's Use of Color 6 1 PART I Introducing Fit Tables 7 2. Communicating with Tables Fit Tables Tables for Communicating Tables for Testing Tables, Fixtures, and a System Under Test Reading Fit Tables Testing Calculations with ColumnPixture Tables Calculating Discount Reports: Traffic Lights Calculating Credit Selecting a Phone Number Summary Exercises 21 xi

3 xii Contents 4. Testing Business Processes with ActionFixture Tables Buying Items Actions an a Chat Server Summary Exercises Testing Lists with RowFixture Tables Testing Lists Whose Order Is Unimportant Testing Lists Whose Order Is Important Summary Exercises Testing with Sequences of Tables Chat Room Changes Discount Group Changes Summary Exercises Creating Tables and Running Fit Using Spreadsheets for Tests Organizing Tests in Test Suites Using HTML for Tests Summary Exercises Using FitNesse Introduction Getting Started Organizing Tests with Subwikis Test Suites Ranges of Values Other Features Summary Exercises Expecting Errors Expected Errors with Calculations Expected Errors with Actions Summary 69

4 Contents xiii 10. FitLibrary Tables Flow-Style Actions with DoFixture Expected Errors with DoFixture Actions an Domain Objects with DoFixture Setup CalculateFixture Tables Ordered List Tables Testing Parts of a List Summary Exercises A Variety of Tables Business Forms Testing Associations Two-Dimensional Images Summary Exercises 85 PART II Developing Tables for RentAPartySoftware Introducing Fit at RentAPartySoftware RentAPartySoftware Development Issues An Initial Plan The Cast The Rest of This Part Summary Exercises Getting Started: Emily and Don's First Table Introduction Choosing Where to Start The Business Rule Starting Simple Adding the Grace Period Adding High-Demand Items Reports Seth's Return Summary 101

5 xiv Contents Exercises Testing a Business Process: Cash Rentals Introduction Cash Rentals Split and Restructure Which Client Summary Exercises Tests Involving the Date and Time Introduction Charging a Deposit Dates Business Transactions Sad Paths Reports Summary Exercises Transforming Workflow Tests into Calculation Tests Introduction Testing Calculations Instead Using Durations Reports Summary Exercises Story Test-Driven Development with Fit Introduction The Stories The First Storytests The Planning Garne Adding to the Storytests Progress During the Iteration Exploratory Testing at Iteration End Summary Exercises 153

6 Contents xv 18. Designing and Refactoring Tests to Communicate Ideas Principles of Test Design Fit Tests for Business Rules Workflow Tests Calculation Tests List Tests Tests and Change Automation of Tests Summary Closing for Nonprogrammers The Value of Fit Tables Getting Fit at RentAPartySoftware 171 PART III Introducing Fit Fixtures Connecting Tables and Applications Writing Fixtures Fixtures and Traffic Lights Column Fixtures Fixture Cal culat ed count Extending Credit Selecting a Phone Number ColiimnFixture in General Summary Exercises Action Fixtures Buying Items Changing State of Chat Room ActionFixture in General Summary Exercises List Fixtures Testing Unordered Lists Testing Ordered Lists Testing a List with Parameters 201

7 xvi Contents 23.4 Summary Exercises Fixtures for Sequences of Tables Chat Room Fixtures Discount Group Fixtures Summary Exercises Using Other Values in Tables Standard Values Values of Money Values in FitNesse and the Flow Fixtures Summary Exercises Installing and Running Fit Installing Fit and FitLibrary Running Fit on Folders Running Fit on HTML Files Running Tests During the Build Other Ways to Run Tests Summary Installing FitNesse Installation Locating the Code Larger-Scale Use with Virtual Wiki Debugging FitNesse Tests Summary Exercises FitLibrary Fixtures Flow-Style Actions with DoFixture DoFixtures as Adapters Using SetFixture Expected Errors with DoFixture Actions on Domain Objects with DoFixture DoFixture in General Setup 239

8 Contents xvii 28.8 Calculat efixture Tables Ordered-List Tables Testing Parts of a List Using Other Values in Flow Tables Summary Exercises Custom Table Fixtures Business Forms Testing Associations Two-Dimensional Images Summary 252 PART IV Developing Fixtures for RentAPartySoftware Fixtures and Adapting the Application Introduction The Programmers' Perspective System Architecture Test Infecting for Improvements The Rest of This Part Emily's First Fixture The Table Developing the Fixture Summary Exercises Fixtures Testing Through the User Interface Introduction Spike The Fixtures The Adapter Showing Others Summary Restructuring the System for Testing Test Infecting Slow Tests 278

9 xviii Contents 33.3 Setup Barriers to Testing Transactions Transaction Fixture Split Domain and Data Source Layers Reduce Interdependencies Summary Mocks and Clocks Introduction Changing the Date Time-Related Object Interactions Date Formatting Changing the Application in Small Steps Summary Running Calculation Tests Indirectly Testing Directly Testing Indirectly Summary Closing for Programmers at RPS The Value of Fit Tables Getting Fit at RPS 301 PART V Custom Development The Architecture of Fit Running Fit Parse Tree dotable Counts in Class Fixture The Fixture Subclasses TypeAdapter Summary Exercises Developing Custom Fixtures Using SetUpFixture 313

10 Contents xix 38.2 SetUpFixture ImageFixture Summary Custom Runners Runners Calculator Runner Reading Tests from a Text File Reading Tests from a Spreadsheet Summary Model-Based Test Generation Symmetries: Operations That Cancel Each Other Generate a Simple Sequence Generate an Interleaved Sequence Summary Exercises 332 PART VI Appendices 333 A. Background Material 335 A.1 Testing 335 A.2 Agile Software Development 335 A.3 Ubiquitous Language 336 B. Book Resources Web Site 337 C. Fit and Other Programming Languages 339 C.1 Table Portability 339 C.2 Other Programming Languages 339 Bibliography 341 Index 345