Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe European Commission: Joint Research Center, Sevilla 27 October 2014

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1 Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe European Commission: Joint Research Center, Sevilla 27 October 2014 Dr. Ir. Serge RAES ETSI IPR Special Committee Vice-Chair ITU IPR Ad Hoc Group Chair, Rapporteur on Patent issues Orange v.1.2, 26 October 2014 Overview of declared SEP [Interplay between Standards and IPR, Prof. Knut Blind, April 2011] Standard Patent family Total patent s Standard Patent family Total patent s Standard Patent family Total patent s ETSI-UMTS ETSI-GERAN ETSI-HSPA ETSI-GSM IEEE Ethernet ETSI-MMB ETSI-LTE ETSI-GMR ETSI-Speech Recognition OMA (all) IEC 65C Industrial ITU-T G.991.1(HDSL) networks IETF (all) JTC 1/SC 29/WG J 144 Objective video quality for CATV IEEE (WiMax) ITU-H.262 MPEG-2 Video IEEE Media Independent Handover IEEE (WiFi) ETSI-BRAN ITU G 729 speech Coding at 8 kbit/s (for VoIP) ETSI-SAE ETSI-DECT ITU JPEG XR image coding system (T JXR-2; T JXR-5) JTC RFID IEEE series ITU V.90 modem 56 kbps 9 11 ITU other G series ITU G voice codec ITU G (ADSL2) 8 12 ETSI-DBV ITU G (VDSL2) IEEE Mixed-Signal 7 15 Test Bus JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 MPEG JTC 1/SC IEEE 802.3af PoE 7 15 IEEE 1363 Public Key Cryptography ITU H.264/MPEG-4 AVC ITU G.VBR-EV ITU H MPEG- 2/System BroadBand Forum IEEE 1647 e-functional Verification Language ETSI-TETRA ETSI-GMPRS J 161 Audio/Video codec 5 11 CATV IEEE 1394 Firewire ETSI-UICC ETSI-DTS 4 10 JTC 1/SC ISO TC 23/SC ETSI-ERM 3 11 ETSI-eCall Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 1

2 Case study: LTE declared Essential Patents [ 15/03/2013] ETSI Projects Standards Companies Patent Offices Patent Holders Patent Families Declarations IPR Disclosures GPP GPP-EUTRAN GPP-Release GPP-Release GPP-Release GPP-Release GPP-SA LTE LTE/EPS Release GPP accounts for 4 of ETSI Members declarations and 60% of STD 3 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES LTE declared Essential Patents Holders (>13 SEP) [ 15/03/2013] Interdigital NEC Innovative Sonic Deutsche Telekom Qualcomm Nortel Networks Philips Sony LG Electronics France Telecom Nokia Siemens Networks TDF Samsung Huawei Toshiba General Dynamics Broadband Nokia NTT DoCoMo Mitsubishi Electric BenQ Motorola Texas Instruments Coding Technologies IPR Licensing Siemens Sharp Pantech Infineon Apple ETRI ASUSTek Computer Airbiquity BlackBerry HTC Panasonic KPN Ericsson Alcatel-Lucent BT Group Sun Microsystems 36 declarants in 2011 < 88 in 2013 < 104 in Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 2

3 SEP licensing practices Direct licensing 1:N N licenses (no reciprocal license required) Cross-licensing N:N ½ x N x (N-1) = ½ x (N 2 - N) licenses required Collective licensing M:N Joint License Agreement M:N N licenses required Patent Pool 1:N N licenses required from Patent Pool comprising M Licensors 36 companies 630; 88 companies 3828 licenses; 104 companies 5356 licenses 5 Standardization and Intellectual Property Orange Litigation cases by technology area [Table 4.3] Category Technology area SEP Litigated % SEP 1 Tele Telecommunications via public networks LAN LAN/PAN/BAN networks, wired and wireless IT Information Technology and Internet AV Audio/video, coding and compression, home systems and entertainment, broadcasting 5 Secu Security, ID, biometrics, crypto Trans Transport, logistics, aerospace, intelligent transport systems 7 Energ Energy generation, distribution and storage, fuel cells, power electronics 8 Ind Industrial equipment, manufacturing, production MTS Measurement, testing, safety standards, language standards Total (6.4) 6 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 3

4 Smartphone Competitor Patent Suits (01/2012) 7 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Smartphone US litigation between competitors Source = Smart Phone Litigation and Standard Essential Patents, Table 1, Kirti Gupta and Mark Snyder, May 2014, with permission Firm Cases as Plaintiff Cases as Defendant Unique patents asserted Apple Audiovox 1 2 Curitel Ericsson Google 1 0 HTC Huawei Interdigital Kyocera LG Firm Cases as Plaintiff Cases as Defendant Unique patents asserted Microsoft Motorola Nokia Pantech BlackBerry HTC (S3) Samsung Sanyo Sony ZTE Only 111/2746 disputes where SEP/FRAND is cited 8 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 4

5 9 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Contributions to 3GPP standardization: Detailed results for years from manufacturers and operators perspective 10 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 5

6 Orange in 3GPP This analysis takes into account all industry contributions independently of their status from the following 3GPP working groups in which Orange is involved: SA System Aspects Services/Requirements Architecture Security Codecs Network Management CT Core Network & Terminals MM/CC/SM Interworking MAP/GTP/BCH/SS/CAM EL Smart Card Application RAN Radio Access Network Radio Layer 1 Radio Layer 2 & 3 RRR Lub, lur, lu & O&M Performance RAN5 Terminal Conformance Testing Orange has 31 regular delegates at 3GPP. Orange leadership in 3GPP Codecs Vice-Chair : Stéphane Ragot (OLPS/ COMSERV/ SVQ/ TPS) Video Codecs Sub-Working Group (SWG) Chair : Gilles Teniou (OLPS/ TV/ DTV/ CVA) Network Management SWG Vice-chair : Jean-Michel Cornily (OLN/ CNC/ NCS/ SID) Vice-chair : Lionel Morand (OLN/ CNC/ NCA/ A2M) Diameter SWG Chair : Lionel Morand 11 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Industry representatives Are taken into account the contributions from the following significant contributors*: Operators (29) AT&T Bouygues Telecom BT Group CableLabs China Mobile China Telecommunications China Unicom Deutsche Telekom KDDI KPN KT Corp. LG Uplus NTT Docomo Orange Rogers Communications SFR SK Telecom Softbank Sprint Swisscom Telecom Italia Telefonica Telenor TeliaSonera Telus T-Mobile US Cellular Verizon Vodafone Manufacturers (40) Acision UK Ltd Acme Packet Alcatel-Lucent Apple ATR Broadcom Corporation Cisco Systems Comverse Network Systems Ericsson Inc. ETRI Fraunhofer IIS Fujitsu Gemalto General Dynamics Broadband Giesecke & Devrient GmbH Hitachi Ltd. HTC Corporation Huawei Intel Juniper Networks LG Electronics Inc. Microsoft Mitsubishi Morpho Cards Motorola NEC Corporation Nokia Siemens Networks Oberthur Oracle Corporation Panasonic Corporation Qualcomm Incorporated Research in Motion Rohde & Schwarz Samsung SHARP Corporation Sony Technicolor Texas Instruments Toshiba ZTE * Total of 69 contributors on 394 participants at 3GPP (1) representing the most representative and active actors in standardisation. 12 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 6

7 Manufacturers contributions in GPP contributions match market positions in the Industry for various business lines: Ericsson is leading contribution (as infrastructure vendor) ahead of Huawei, NSN & ALU Qualcomm is leading contribution, as chipset maker Gemalto is leading contributions, as SIM card vendor (ahead of Oberthur, Morpho ) Samsung is leading contributions, as device maker Apple contributes in a limited way (#10 contributions) Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Manufacturers contributions in 2013 (January to September) Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 7

8 Operators contributions in NTT DoCoMo is leading operator contributions Orange is ranking #2 followed by two other European players (Deutsche Telekom & Vodafone) Then, Verizon, AT&T are leading American operator contributions Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Operators contributions in 2013 (January to September) Compared to 2012 (as to date): Deutsche Telekom has decreased its number of contributions: from rank#3 to rank# Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 8

9 Companies contributions by working groups in Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Contributions and delegates mapping towards working groups, per company 57 2 Ericsson 32 17% RAN5 Nokia Siemens 1% 2% Huawei 111 delegates in total 106 delegates in total 1 2% Alcatel Lucent 57 delegates in total 53 delegates in total 18 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES 49 20% 27 RAN % 2% 7% 2% 1% Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 9

10 Contributions and delegates mapping towards working groups, per RAN5 company 1% % Qualcomm RAN5 7% 1% 17% % Samsung 72 delegates in total 62 delegates in total % 5 1% 7 17% 20% 37 1% % % LG 48 delegates in total Apple 8 delegates in total 19 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Contributions and delegates mapping towards working groups, per company 1 29 RAN % 22% 14 NTT DoCoMo 2% 15 20% 1 Orange 58 delegates in total 31 delegates in total 9 7% % % % Deutsche Telekom 21% 2% Vodafone 22 delegates in total 19 delegates in total 20 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES 5 17% Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 10

11 Contributions and delegates mapping towards working groups, per RAN5 company 2% 1 Verizon % 1 20% AT&T 9 delegates in total 23 delegates in total % 12 7% RAN % China Telecom 4 KDDI 18 delegates in total 15 delegates in total 21 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES 7% 17% 1 Additional open questions for further study 1. Study of SEP litigation to identify : Parties, nature of dispute, Juge decision More Hold-up or Reverse hold-up? 2. Does SEP licensing require more regulation? 3. Does non-sep licensing require more regulation? 4. What are the circumstances that exacerbate litigation with SEP? 5. Impact analysis (prediction) of potential changes to SDO IPR Policy : Are the preventive/curative remedies better or worse than the potential disease and for whom? A sound diagnosis is required in order to avoid unintentional impact on innovation in Europe 22 Standardization and Intellectual Property Prepared by Serge RAES Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 11

12 Thank You Dr. Ir. Serge RAES Intellectual Property & Standardization Senior Manager rue du Général Leclerc F Issy Les Moulineaux CEDEX 9 Tel: serge.raes@orange.com Impact of SEP conflicts on ICT innovation in Europe 12