Help Manual. for LensMechanix

Transcription

1 Help Manual for LensMechanix

2 Contents What s new in LensMechanix 4.5 Fold Mirror tool Accommodate space requirements for predefined mechanical envelopes and adapt to mechanical envelope changes Advanced tolerancing capabilities Access tolerancing data from sequential OpticStudio files in the SOLIDWORKS graphics window Multi-configuration enhancements Design multi-configuration optomechanical systems from sequential OpticStudio files 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 1

3 Getting started Introduction to LensMechanix LensMechanix is an application for mechanical engineers who package optical systems in CAD software. It is used to package, analyze, and validate product packaging for optical system designs directly in your CAD platform. LensMechanix is available for SOLIDWORKS and a version for Creo is available for early adopters, with other CAD platforms to follow. LensMechanix streamlines communication and workflow between optical and mechanical engineers, reducing errors and failed physical prototypes. Mechanical engineers build the mechanical geometry with actual lens dimensions without STEP, IGES, or STL files and then run ray traces and analyze output to compare the optical performance of a design to the original OpticStudio output. Using the suite of analysis tools in LensMechanix, mechanical engineers can identify and resolve mechanical design problems that impact the optical systems before building a physical prototype or sending the complete design to optical engineers to review. LensMechanix is complementary to, but independent from, OpticStudio. LensMechanix is not for creating optical designs. The following diagram shows the engineering workflow from concept to build using Zemax Virtual Prototyping Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 2

4 How LensMechanix works LensMechanix loads optical components, sources, and detectors designed in OpticStudio directly into a CAD assembly as live geometry and preserves the component data. This add-in is powered by the Zemax multi-threaded ray tracing engine used by OpticStudio. After loading OpticStudio design files, mechanical engineers create mechanical geometry in LensMechanix and run a ray trace through the system to analyze the impact of the mechanical geometry on optical performance. Ray-trace results identify problems, including stray light, beam clipping, and image contamination. A simple chart showing pass/fail results for image quality and stray light metrics helps you quickly assess the performance of your design. Detailed data results are available for troubleshooting and deeper analysis. LensMechanix comes with a catalog of standard lenses. This is the same lens catalog that is in OpticStudio. You can also add custom lenses, sources, and detectors. LensMechanix does not include optimization tools; therefore, we recommend that optical design and placement be performed in OpticStudio. For more Help content and technical support Stay current with LensMechanix Help by visiting where we frequently post new and updated Help content and Knowledge Base articles. For video and written tutorials, an FAQ, white papers, and other resources, visit For technical support, LMxSupport@zemax.com (please allow for one business day for one of our optomechanical engineers to respond). Please also send your feedback and feature requests to help us improve LensMechanix. We value your input! 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 3

5 System requirements Windows 7 (64 bit) or later SOLIDWORKS 2015 or later You do not need OpticStudio to run LensMechanix. LensMechanix accepts files from any version of OpticStudio Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 4

6 LensMechanix updates When a new version of LensMechanix is available, the following message appears: You can check for updates anytime by clicking About LensMechanix in the Command Manager. We recommend that you always use the latest version of LensMechanix so that you benefit from the latest features and improvements Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 5

7 Activate a single user license LensMechanix is an annual subscription license. It must be installed on the computer, and you must have a valid LensMechanix user license to activate it. LensMechanix does not require an OpticStudio license. To activate a single user license: 1. In the you received, find the activation code and a link to the installation package. 2. After you download the software installation package, open it, click Run, and click Next. 3. Read the End User License Agreement. If you agree to the terms and conditions, click I accept the agreement, and click Next. 4. Select the folder you want to download the file to, or use the default folder provided, and click Next. 5. On the next screen, select Full installation (highly recommended) or the installation you want, and click Install. 6. After the installation is completed, in Windows, click Start, click All Programs, expand LensMechanix, and click Zemax License Manager. 7. On the next screen, click New key, and click Activate. 8. In the box that appears, copy and paste the activation code that was provided in in the Zemax License Manager dialog box, verify that your key serial number, key ID, and support expiration date appear. 10. To complete the activation process, open SOLIDWORKS 2015 or Wait while Zemax copies the program files to My Documents. 11. To view LensMechanix in SOLIDWORKS, in the New SOLIDWORKS Document dialog box, click Assembly, and click OK. The LensMechanix user interface appears, with the Optics Manager (vertical pane) on the left, and the Command Manager (horizontal pane) at the top Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 6

8 Activate and check out a network license A network license is available for organizations with two or more user seats. For information about how to install a network license, see the Knowledge Base article on the Zemax website Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 7

9 Introduction to the LensMechanix user interface When you open SOLIDWORKS in Assembly mode, you see the LensMechanix workspace shown above. This is the primary location where you interact with your assembly. The workspace includes eight elements: 1. Menu Bar - The area along the top that contains the most frequently used tool buttons. 2. Command Manager - The primary way to create, edit, and analyze your system. You can access all the functions of LensMechanix in this Command Manager. 3. Optics Manager - This panel on the left side includes the Analysis Manager, Input Tree, and Output Tree. The Optics Manager is the other way (besides the Command Manager) that you create, edit, and analyze your system. The Optics Manager appears when you click the toolbar or the LensMechanix icon (located in the toolbar immediately above it) or open LensMechanix. 4. Analysis Manager - Appears in the Optics Manager. It shows you which analysis is active in the graphics area. To switch between different analyses, right-click an analysis and click Activate. This automatically loads the settings, the Computational Domain for each analysis, sources, components, detectors, and outputs for that analysis. Activating one analysis automatically deactivates the other analysis. 5. Input Tree - Located in the Optics Manager, the Input Tree shows a summary of the settings for the analysis that you are working on. The inputs include mechanical components, sources, optical components, detectors, image input, and surface power input. Inputs appear in the Input Tree after you add them by using the Analysis Wizard or the Command Manager, or when you 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 8

10 add them to the Computational Domain. 6. Output Tree - Appears in Optics Manager, just below the Input Tree. The Output Tree provides a visual summary of the current analysis outputs. Any output that you add to the active analysis appears automatically in your current analysis. Any analysis that you add to the system appears automatically in the Output Tree after you run a ray trace. 7. Graphics Area -The area where you display and manipulate your assembly and outputs. 8. Task Pane - This pane of icons offers quick access to many functions for SOLIDWORKS add-ins. Currently, LensMechanix does not include features in the task pane Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 9

11 Set preferences in LensMechanix In the Command Manager, click Preferences to select your preferred language, naming conventions for optical components, and other settings Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 10

12 The following table explains each setting in the Preferences dialog box. Setting Description Note Language LensMechanix includes localization options for Japanese. To change your preferred language, select the language from the dropdown menu. Optical component naming convention You can choose how the names of the components appear in the Computational Domain. Short: Displays the row number and part name. Long: Displays the row number, part name, and the subassembly that the name is associated with. To apply your change, restart SOLIDWORKS. Show object row number in component name After closing LensMechanix Send debug file with technical support Save mechanical components in OpticStudio output files as You can show or hide the row number of components in the OpticStudio file that was loaded into LensMechanix. The row number may differ from the original input file if it was converted from sequential to non-sequential, or if you added components. You can save ray trace data as a ZRD file. However, these files can be very large. Use the dropdown menu to save or discard the data when SOLIDWORKS closes. If you click Technical Support in the Command Manager and select this check box, LensMechanix attaches a debug file to the it generates. You can save an OpticStudio archive file (ZAR) from LensMechanix. You can save the mechanical components in the ZAR file as either CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS or CAD Part: STEP/IGES/STL. This option works only on Microsoft outlook. If the mechanical components are saved as CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS, the OpticStudio user must have both OpticStudio Premium and SOLIDWORKS on their computer to open the files Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 11

13 About using CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS You can save mechanical components that are created in SOLIDWORKS as either CAD Part: STEP/IGES/SAT or as CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS. LensMechanix will use the format you choose for the mechanical components in the OpticStudio output file. 1. Before you run a ray trace, click Preferences on the LensMechanix tab. 2. In the Save mechanical components in OpticStudio output files as dropdown, select the file format you want before. Notes: If the mechanical components are saved as CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS, the OpticStudio user must have both OpticStudio Premium and SOLIDWORKS on their computer to open the files. If you save mechanical components as CAD Part: STEP/IGES/SAT files, the OpticStudio user does not need to have OpticStudio Premium or SOLIDWORKS on their computer, but changes cannot be made to the mechanical components in OpticStudio or SOLIDWORKS. 3. Click Save. 4. Proceed to running your ray traces. Using CAD Part: SOLIDWORKS offers several advantages: The LensMechanix and OpticStudio users can work in their preferred design environments without converting files. Changes can be made to mechanical components after the OpticStudio output file has been validated by the optical engineer and sent back to the LensMechanix user. If changes to a design are made in OpticStudio or LensMechanix and then shared, the changes are reflected in the modified system because the components are in their native format Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 12

14 Naming convention LensMechanix uses two naming conventions: basic and long. Basic is the default naming convention. When the basic naming convention is used, the name appears as # PartXX, where: # = the row number of the component in the Non-Sequential Component Editor in OpticStudio that LensMechanix uses to calculate a ray trace. This number can differ from the input OpticStudio file because the file may have been converted to non-sequential mode, or you added other components to the Computational Domain. Part = the type of the component. XX = a random number that LensMechanix applies to the component when it loads the OpticStudio file. If you select the long naming convention, the component name appears as # PartXX@OpticStudioFileName. A long name identifies the component as a part in a specific OpticStudio file. This information is useful when multiple OpticStudio files are loaded into an assembly. Note: The naming convention that you choose applies to all LensMechanix files Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 13

15 Packaging Overview of packaging in LensMechanix In LensMechanix, packaging refers to the process of adding mechanical components to an optical design. Use the first four buttons in the Command Manager for packaging Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 14

16 Load an OpticStudio file You use the Load OpticStudio File dialog box to load OpticStudio designs in LensMechanix. The components that you load include optical geometry, optical properties, sources, detectors, and other data created by an OpticStudio user. 1. In the Command Manager, click Load OpticStudio File. 2. Select the ZMX or ZAR files you need from OpticStudio. These files include the lenses, sources, and detectors. Note: The Zemax lens file ZMX and the Zemax archive file ZAR are standard file formats of OpticStudio Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 15

17 About multi-configuration OpticStudio designs in LensMechanix You can load multi-configuration OpticStudio files into LensMechanix. LensMechanix converts sequential configurations into non-sequential configurations during the loading process Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 16

18 Set up an analysis for a multi-configuration file from OpticStudio 1. When a file with multi-configurations is loaded, a message appears next to the Configurations Property Manager. 2. Double-click each configuration to view the configuration in the graphics area. 3. Double-click the configuration that you want to create mechanical components for first. 4. Mate your mechanical components to the optical component Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 17

19 5. To create an analysis in a configuration, double-click the configuration that you want. 6. On the LensMechanix tab, click Start Analysis and click the type of analysis that you want to set up. LensMechanix creates a prototype, which appears in the Optics Manager. 7. To create a prototype for the second configuration, double-click the configuration in the Optics Manager. The second prototype appears as Prototype Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 18

20 View results of different configurations To view the results of your different configurations after you have run ray traces: 1. In the Optics Manager, double-click the analysis that you want to activate. 2. To view results of other analyses in the graphics area, right-click the prototype name in the Optics Manager, and click View results. Note: The rays from inactive prototypes are 50% transparent; the rays for the activated prototype appear normally. Deactivated Activated Deactivated 3. On the LensMechanix tab, click Display OPS. 4. To view the results of the different configurations, click each tab, such as Config 1 Analysis 0 in the image below. 5. To hide ray results, right-click the prototype name and click Hide results Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 19

21 Note: When you create an OpticStudio output file from a multi-configuration design, the output file includes results for only the active analysis. To save output files for other analyses, activate each analysis one at a time, run a ray trace, and then save the output file Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 20

22 Update an OpticStudio file You use the Update OpticStudio File command to update OpticStudio designs in LensMechanix. This command removes the existing optical components and replaces them with updated optical components from a new ZMX or ZAR file. 1. In the Command Manager, click OpticStudio Input > Update OpticStudio File. 2. Insert the ZMX or ZAR files you need; these files include the sources, detectors, and lenses. Note: This command does not automatically repair mates or references in your SOLIDWORKS assembly. You will need to recreate or fix these mates after the update is completed Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 21

23 Make optical components editable Note: You can modify the optical geometry in LensMechanix, but it is not recommended because you could accidentally change the design or degrade the optical performance. For this reason, LensMechanix loads optical designs as read-only objects by default. To modify the optical geometry in LensMechanix: 1. In the Load OpticStudio File dialog box, clear the Load optical components as read-only check mark. 2. In the Optics Manager, right-click the optical component that you want to make changes to. 3. Click Edit Optical Properties, and make changes in the Lens Data PMP Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 22

24 About the Load OpticStudio File dialog box When LensMechanix loads OpticStudio files, it checks for three things: if the spot size changes significantly, if conversion of any sequential surfaces to non-sequential failed, and if all components from the OpticStudio design were loaded successfully. Convert to non-sequential - LensMechanix functions in non-sequential mode, which enables you to account for unintended paths. When LensMechanix loads a file that is designed in sequential mode, it automatically converts it to non-sequential. If an error occurs during this conversion, it means that the change in spot size from sequential to non-sequential exceeds 20%. The spot size calculations are ignored when the sequential file has a spot radius less than 1.0E-2 microns. The conversion to non-sequential often exposes issues with a sequential design. If the change in spot size is between 20% and 50%, the following message appears: If this message appears, we recommend that you either ask the optical engineer to confirm that the non-sequential performance meets expectations in OpticStudio, or you run a ray trace in LensMechanix, save an OpticStudio output file to send to the optical engineer, and ask him or her to check the performance of the converted design. If the change in spot size exceeds 50%, the following message appears: 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 23

25 A change in spot size of over 50% is likely due to an issue with components converting to nonsequential. We recommend that you ask the optical engineer to convert the file to non-sequential in OpticStudio. Load optical components into SOLIDWORKS - All components from the OpticStudio design were loaded into LensMechanix. If an error occurs, it is likely that one or more of the components in your design are not supported. Please contact lmxsupport@zemax.com and provide a list of all optical components in your system, so that we can troubleshoot the issue. Complete loading process A green check mark indicates that the loading process finished successfully. If an error occurs during the process, the following message appears: To reload the file, restart SOLIDWORKS. If the problem continues, please contact lmxsupport@zemax.com 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 24

26 About sequential vs. non-sequential designs OpticStudio uses sequential and non-sequential ray tracing to model optical systems. In most cases, the sequential model represents the desired (or intended) optical path. Non-sequential ray tracing provides access to unintended ray paths, such as rays that: Are partially reflected from optical surfaces. Interact with the mechanics of the product, causing unintended optical paths through the system. Are from outside the field of view of the lens that scatter into the field of view. In most cases, these unintended ray paths cause contamination of the sequential (or intended) ray path. LensMechanix makes the transition of optical design to optomechanical design seamless for both sequential and non-sequential designs. LensMechanix runs in non-sequential mode. If you load a sequential file, LensMechanix automatically converts it to a non-sequential design and gives you an OpticStudio baseline. It saves a baseline data file, which is indicated by the green check mark in the OpticStudio Baseline cell of the Optical Performance Summary (OPS). When you load a non-sequential design, LensMechanix does not perform any conversion, nor give you an OpticStudio baseline. As a result, the OpticStudio baseline cell in the OPS is grayed out. You can calculate the baseline performance of your system using the LensMechanix baseline ray trace. If LensMechanix generated the baseline data, green check marks appear in the LensMechanix baseline cell Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 25

27 Add a component, source, or detector You can use the Add parts command to add more catalog components, custom components, sources, or detectors to an assembly. Note: LensMechanix does not include optimization features. Therefore, we recommend that any critical optical components are designed in OpticStudio. Add a catalog component 1. In the Command Manager, click Add Parts > Add Catalog Component. 2. In the Lens Catalog dialog box, select a lens from any vendor. 3. Click Insert. The selected lens is positioned at the origin. Add a custom component 1. In the Command Manager, click Add Parts > Add Custom Component. 2. In the Lens data PMP, select the type of material for the component. 3. Select the type of component to add. 4. Enter the various dimensional information for the component. 5. Enter the positional information for the component. 6. On the Coating Settings tab of the Lens data PMP, select the type of coating for the component. 7. Choose specific surfaces and click Apply to Selection. - Or - Click Apply to Component to add the coating to all surfaces. 8. Click the green check mark. Note: Components with no position information are placed at the origin Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 26

28 Add a source 1. In the Command Manager, click Add Parts > Add Source. 2. In the Light source data PMP, select the light source type. 3. Enter the various dimensional for the component. 4. Enter the positional information for the component. 5. Click the green check mark. Note: Sources with no position information are placed at the origin. Add a detector 1. In the Command Manager, click Add Parts > Add Detector. 2. In the Detector data PMP, select the detector material. 3. Select the type of detector to add. 4. Enter the various dimensional information for the component. 5. Enter the positional information for the component. 6. Click the green check mark. Note: Detectors with no position information are placed at the origin Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 27

29 About fold mirrors You can add a fold mirror along the beam path of an existing system using the Fold Mirror tool. LensMechanix preserves the beam path after the fold mirror is added. You must create a prototype before adding a fold mirror. If there is no active prototype, then the feature will appear grayed out. As you set up the fold mirror position, you can view a preview to help you place the fold mirror correctly. Important notes The fold mirror cannot be removed with the undo feature. We recommend you save your assembly file before adding the fold mirror. There is no limit to the number of fold mirrors that you can add to an assembly. Fix fold mirrors in place after you add them to avoid unintentionally moving their positions. Fold mirrors move mechanical components mated to moved optical components Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 28

30 Add a fold mirror In the following example, we add a fold mirror to the initial optical layout below. We want to ensure that the optical components fit in the enclosed box below. To add the fold mirror: 1. After you ve created a prototype, in the Add Parts drop-down menu, click Add Fold Mirror. 2. In the Place the fold mirror between section, select the two components that you want to place the fold mirror between. Note: The fold mirror is placed in the middle of the first and second references Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 29

31 3. In the Distance from First Reference section, increase or decrease the distance between the first reference and the fold mirror, if needed. 4. In the Target Component section, select the component that will be the last to change position. Notes: Although your application may differ, detectors are typically used as the target component. A box is placed around the components you d like to reposition Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 30

32 If you have run a baseline ray trace prior to adding the fold mirror then components in the beam path between the second reference and the target component will be automatically added to the Included Components section. 5. In the Rotated Components section, remove any components that you don t want to reposition after the fold mirror is added by right-clicking the component and clicking Ignore. Note: Components that are placed between the second reference and the target component display in the Included Components section. Mechanical components that are mated to the optical components are also included and repositioned after the fold mirror is added. 6. In the Tilt section, define the angle and the axis of tilt for the fold mirror. Note: This will display a preview in the graphics area. 7. In the Fold Mirror Geometry section, under the Shape drop-down menu, select the shape and thickness of the fold mirror. Note: The fold mirror is added as an optical component with a mirror material this enables the fold mirror to be optimized in OpticStudio. The fold mirror will have a default thickness of 1 mm and the default radius of the fold mirror is automatically calculated using the equation: MMMMMMMMMMMMMM cccccccccc aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa xx 2 RRRRRRRRRRRR = 2 8. Click the green check mark. The fold mirror is added and the included components are repositioned according to the preview. 9. In the graphics area, right-click the fold mirror, and click Fix. Note: You can repeat these steps to add additional fold mirrors in your system until the space constraints are met. 10. Run a full ray trace to see the updated ray path Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 31

33 Note: The fold mirror appears in the Optical Components list in the Optics Manager Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 32

34 Update a fold mirror To make changes to the fold mirror: 1. Right-click the component name and select Edit Optical Properties. 2. In the Lens data PMP, edit the parameters of the fold mirror. Note: You should not make changes to the position of the fold mirror Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 33

35 How LensMechanix labels optical parts OpticStudio parts are labeled in the Comments field of the Lens Data Editor in OpticStudio. If the Comment field is blank, or you are creating an optical component in LensMechanix, the part is assigned a generic prefix, such as surface, annulus, field, source, and color detector, depending on the object type. LensMechanix then automatically numbers the parts sequentially. Examples of part names include surfaces 1, aperture 5, field 4, or source Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 34

36 Types of optical components you can use in LensMechanix You can use off-the-shelf and custom lenses. The Lens Catalog in LensMechanix is the same one that is available in OpticStudio. LensMechanix supports the following optical components, sources, and detectors: Optical components Annular aspheric lenses Annular axial lens Annular volumes Annulus surfaces Aspheric surfaces Aspheric 2 surfaces Axicon surfaces Biconic lenses Biconic surfaces Biconic Zernike lenses Biconic Zernike surfaces Binary 1 lenses Binary 2 lenses Boolean surfaces Compound parabolic concentrators Compound parabolic concentrator rectangles Cones Cylinder pipes Cylinder volumes Cylinder 2 pipes Cylinder 2 volumes Diffraction gratings Dual BEF surfaces Ellipse surfaces Elliptical volumes Even aspheres Extended odd asphere lenses Extended polynomial lenses Extended polynomial surfaces Extruded volumes Faceted surfaces Freeform Z lenses Fresnel 1 lenses Fresnel 2 lenses Hexagonal lenslet arrays Hologram lenses Hologram surfaces Jones matrices Lenslet array 1 Lenslet array 2 Micro electromechanical systems Odd aspheric lenses Paraxial lenses Polygon objects Ray rotators Rectangles Rectangular corners Rectangular pipe gratings Rectangular pipes Rectangular roofs Rectangular torus surface Rectangular torus volume Rectangular volume gratings Rectangular volumes ReverseRadiance targets Slide objects Spheres Standard lenses Standard surfaces Tabulated faceted radial objects Tabulated faceted torodial objects Tabulated Fresnel radial lenses Torodial hologram lenses Torodial lenses Torodial surfaces Torodial odd aspherical surfaces Torus surfaces Torus volumes Triangles Triangular corners Wolter surfaces Zernike surfaces 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 35

37 Sources Source diffractive Source DLL Source ellipse Source EULUMDAT file Source filament Source file Source Gaussian Source IESNA file Source imported Source point Source radial Source rectangle Source tube Source two angle Source volume cylinder Source volume ellipse Source volume rectangle Detectors Detector color Detector polar Detector rectangle Detector surface ReverseRadiance detectors If you want to use components that LensMechanix does not support, please so we can prioritize your requests in future development Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 36

38 About the Optical Properties Checklist You use the Optical Properties Checklist in LensMechanix to edit optical properties. To access this checklist, in the Command Manager, click Edit Optical Properties. LensMechanix assigns the same meaning to colors that SOLIDWORKS assigns to colors. The following table explains each meaning. Symbol Red X Yellow! Green Optical Properties Checklist Meaning The component is not fully defined, so you cannot run a ray trace. You need to completely define the component (source, detector, or lens). The component is underdefined, but LensMechanix can still run a ray trace. The ray trace results may not be accurate. The component is fully defined Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 37

39 Apply a scatter profile that comes with LensMechanix You can apply a scatter profile to an entire component, such as the housing. You can also apply a scatter profile to individual surfaces of a component, such as the bezel of a housing. 1. In the Input Tree, under Mechanical Components, right-click a component, and click Edit Surface Properties. 2. To edit an entire component, under Scatter Profile, in the dropdown menu, select the scatter profile you want, and click Apply to Component. - Or - To edit specific surfaces, select the surfaces you want to modify in the graphics area. Under Scatter Profile, in the dropdown menu, select the scatter profile you want, and click Apply to Selection. Note: When you select specific surfaces, you can choose only surfaces of the component that you are modifying Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 38

40 About construction geometry Construction geometry displays the relevant optical geometry of optical components to use as reference when you construct mechanical components. In LensMechanix, construction geometry refers to apex, center of curvature, optical axis, and clear aperture sketches in the graphics area for all optical components. You can display or hide each type of construction geometry in two locations: in the Command Manager or the Input Tree. You can show or hide all geometry of one type, such as apexes in the Command Manager. Or, you can show or hide geometry for a specific component using the right-click menu in Input Tree. OpticStudio parts are labeled in the Lens Data Editor in OpticStudio. If the Comment section in OpticStudio is blank, LensMechanix gives the part a generic prefix, such as surface, annulus, field, source, and color detector, depending on the object type. LensMechanix then automatically orders the parts sequentially Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 39

41 About displaying optical tolerancing information You can display information in the graphics area about the tolerances in an optical design. Both sequential and non-sequential tolerance information is loaded from the OpticStudio file. This information is especially useful when you re designing mechanical components for lens systems that have tight tolerances, because any change in position can affect the system s performance. There are two categories of tolerances: positional and parameter. Positional tolerance information Refers to possible changes in position that the optical engineer has accounted for during their tolerance analysis. Position changes are likely due to either how the physical prototype was assembled, or how the mechanical components were manufactured. Parameter tolerance information Refers to changes in the optical component, such as the radius of curvature, thickness, or refractive index. These changes commonly stem from imperfections during the manufacturing process of the optical component Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 40

42 Display optical tolerances in an OpticStudio design 1. In the Command Manager, click Optical Tolerance. 2. In the graphics area, click an optical component. The positional information appears as a box that extends from a line. The parameter information appears separately in the Tolerance Data window Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 41

43 Interpreting optical tolerancing information The following table summarizes the color schema of the optical tolerancing information. Scenario Description Result 1 No components have tolerance All optical components are the default color information 2 One component has tolerance information The component is green; the other components are the default color 3 Two components have the same tolerance information Both components are green; the remaining are the default color 4 Two components have different tolerance information The optical component with the tightest tolerance is yellow; the other component is green and the remaining 5 Six components consist of three pairs. Each pair has a different level of tolerance: 1) Two objects with high tolerance 2) Two objects with nominal tolerance 3) Two objects with no tolerance information lenses are default High tolerance: yellow Nominal tolerance: green None: default 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 42

44 Define a mechanical component as an optical component After you create a mechanical component and add it to the Computational Domain, you can define it as an optical component. This is useful for creating the geometry for nonstandard lens shapes. If you defined a mechanical component as an optical component, you can always redefine it as a mechanical component. 1. In the Optics Manager, right-click the mechanical component and click Make Optical Component. 2. In the Custom Component PMP, select Glass Type from the drop-down menu. Note: LensMechanix includes seven materials that are common in optical design. If a material you want is not available, save an OpticStudio output file, define the material in OpticStudio, and then optimize the design in OpticStudio. 3. In the Selection section, click the faces of the component that you want to apply the material to. If you want to apply it to the entire component, leave the Selection section blank. 4. In the Coating Profile section, choose a coating from the dropdown. The coatings available are: a. No Coating b. IR c. NIR d. UV e. Visible 5. Click Apply to Selection if you ve selected specific faces, or click Apply to Component to apply to the entire component. 6. In the Custom Component PMP, click the green check mark Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 43

45 Glass Types: Blank Material o Acrylic o Calcium Fluoride o Fused Silica o N-BK7 o Polycarbonate o Pyrex o Water Absorb Mirror Note: When you define a mechanical component as an optical component, the Display OPS button appears grayed out. This is because LensMechanix does not include optical optimization features Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 44

46 Add a mechanical edge to an optical component You can use the Add Mechanical Edge feature to add a mounting edge to an optical component without having to load the file as editable. This feature is useful if the original optical component does not have enough material for mounting. 1. In the Optics Manager, right-click the optical component and click Add Mechanical Edge. - Or - In the Command Manager, click Add Parts > Add Mechanical Edge. 2. Click one or more lenses that you want to add a mounting edge to. The component name appears in the Choose Components section of the Add Mechanical Edge Property Manager. 3. In the Mechanical Edge (mm) column, enter the size for the mounting edge. The changes appear in the Optical Properties PMP for the optical component Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 45

47 Edge1 = Clear1 + Mechanical Edge 9 = Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 46

48 Analyzing Overview of analyzing in LensMechanix In LensMechanix, analyzing refers to the process of running ray traces through your optomechanical system, setting up a surface power analysis, and setting up the Image Viewer. Use the four buttons highlighted below in the Command Manager to analyze your optomechanical system Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 47

49 Start an analysis in LensMechanix After you load a file in LensMechanix and design your mechanical geometry, you are ready to start an analysis. There are three ways to create an analysis in LensMechanix: Analysis Wizard, Default Analysis, and Clone Analysis. Analysis Wizard (recommended) - Steps you through all the analysis settings in LensMechanix. This feature gives you the opportunity to establish all analysis settings to meet your requirements. In the Command Manager, click Start Analysis > Analysis Wizard. Default Analysis - Begins an analysis using the analysis settings that LensMechanix sets by default. This feature can save you time by avoiding stepping through the Analysis Wizard. In the Command Manager, click Start Analysis > Default Analysis. Clone Analysis - Creates a new analysis using the settings and outputs in the active analysis. This feature can save you significant time by avoiding duplicating work you ve already done for a previous analysis. In the Command Manager, click Start Analysis > Clone Analysis Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 48

50 Editing analysis settings You can adjust all analysis settings in the Analysis Wizard. You can revise existing settings in Edit Analysis Settings in Command Manager. The following table shows the settings that you can select for an analysis. Analysis settings Analysis type Ambient conditions Wavelengths Surface properties Precision settings Computational Domain Functionality Adjust overfill settings and enable light scattering and ray splitting Adjust the temperature and pressure of the optical system Adjust the wavelengths included in a ray trace Add or remove scatter profiles Adjust mesh settings, number of rays, and scatter profile sample R to optimize for performance or accuracy Add or remove components from an analysis 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 49

51 Add a custom wavelength to your analysis Note: Adding a custom wavelength can affect optical performance. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that you talk to the optical engineer before you add a custom wavelength. 1. In the Wavelengths dialog box, click the green plus sign to create a new row. 2. Enter the wavelength value that you want to use in the new row. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to add more wavelengths to the analysis, or click OK Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 50

52 About the Computational Domain The Computational Domain defines what components in your assembly should be included in the ray trace, and which components can be ignored. This feature is particularly useful when using assemblies that have many components that do not interfere with the optical path, or assemblies with complex components that will not affect the performance. Screws, power supplies, and external housings are some examples of components that you might not need to include in your ray trace. Eliminating them by using the Computational Domain can dramatically reduce the time it takes to run a ray trace Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 51

53 Set up the Computational Domain 1. In the Command Manager, click Analysis Settings > Computational Domain. 2. In the graphics area, using the arrows at the edge of the box drawn around your assembly, drag the edges of the box until the box includes all relevant optical and mechanical components. Be sure to avoid excluding any sources or detectors. 3. In the Computational Domain, in the Included Components selection box, right-click any additional components that should not be included in the ray trace and select Remove From Computational Domain. 4. In the Computational Domain, in the Ignored Components selection box, right-click any additional components that should be included in the ray trace and select Remove From Computational Domain. 5. At the top of the Computational Domain, click the green check mark. Note: You can drag and drop components from the Included Components and Ignored Components selection boxes Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 52

54 About ray splitting When a ray interacts with a surface, part of the energy is reflected, part of the energy is transmitted, and depending upon the surface properties part of the energy may be absorbed. Ray splitting refers to the ability to compute the reflected and transmitted paths of rays, and then trace the trajectories of both types of rays. In the image on the left, LensMechanix traced 10 rays without ray splitting enabled. In the image on the right, LensMechanix traced one ray with ray splitting enabled. The total number of rays traced in the optical system can become extremely large, which requires more computational time. By using ray splitting, you can find unintended paths that will cause performance issues in physical prototypes. LensMechanix includes the following default values to control ray splitting: Maximum number of ray-object intersections: Describes how many times a ray along any path, from the original source parent ray to the final ray-object intersection, may intersect another object. (Default setting = 100) Maximum number of ray segments: A ray segment is the portion of a ray path from one intersection to the next. When a ray is launched from a source, it travels to the first object. That is one segment. If the ray then splits into two rays, each of those are new segments (total of three segments). If each of those rays splits again, it results in seven segments. Because the number of ray segments grows far faster than the number of ray-object intersections, we recommend that the optical engineer set a higher value for the maximum number of ray segments. (Default setting = 500) Minimum relative ray intensity: With each instance of splitting, the energy of the resulting rays is decreased. The relative ray intensity is a lower limit of how much energy a ray can carry and still be traced. This parameter is a fraction, such as 0.001, relative to the starting ray intensity from the source. If a child ray falls below this relative energy, the ray is terminated. (Default setting = E-003) 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 53

55 Minimum absolute ray intensity: This parameter is very similar to the minimum relative ray intensity, except it is absolute in system source units rather than relative to the starting intensity. If the minimum absolute ray intensity is zero, LensMechanix ignores the absolute ray intensity threshold. LensMechanix always calculates the initial intensity of each ray by the source intensity, divided by the total number of analysis rays for that source. (Default setting = 0.000E+000) Notes: Changes to the default settings must be made in OpticStudio. Ray splitting is disabled by default. You can enable ray splitting in the Analysis Settings dialog box Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 54

56 Turn on ray splitting Note: Ray splitting is disabled by default. In the Analysis Settings dialog box, click Image quality + light scattering + ray splitting, and click OK Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 55

57 About scatter profiles Scatter profiles are a surface property. They include finishes and textures, such as black paint, black foil, gray plastic, and stainless steel. Using a scatter profile gives you a more accurate ray trace and insight about your design. LensMechanix changes the surfaces of the mechanical parts from perfect reflectors to the scatter profile that you choose. For any mechanical geometry without a scatter profile, LensMechanix assumes it is a perfect reflective surface during a ray trace. LensMechanix includes 11 of the most common surface property profiles. You can select any component in your Computational Domain and assign a scatter profile to the component. You can assign scatter profiles to one or more surfaces or to the entire component. Note: Properties of mechanical components are assembly properties, so scatter profiles that are assigned to mechanical components do not change from configuration to configuration when you work with multi-configuration files Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 56

58 Add your own scatter profile In the Surface Properties dialog box, click Browse to find the scatter profile that you want to apply. Tip: If you plan to use a specific scatter profile frequently, add it to your scatter data folder, located at C:/Users/<Username>/Documents/Zemax/ScatterData Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 57

59 Why can t I get an Image Viewer analysis? The input file must come from the correct type of OpticStudio file: either a sequential file that goes to an image plane, or a non-sequential file that includes the proper components. You cannot use the Image Viewer if the sequential file does not have an image surface as the last object. In a non-sequential file, the Lambertian overfill source, slide object, and a color detector must all be present in the proper locations Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 58

60 Set up a surface power analysis You can view the power on a surface of any component by selecting the optical or mechanical components and then running a ray trace. You can analyze one or multiple components, and also include multiple surface power analyses in a ray trace. Always set up a surface power analysis before you run a ray trace. To set up a surface power analysis: 1. In the Command Manager, click Add Inputs > Surface Power Input. 2. In the graphics area, select the components you want to add to your surface power analysis. 3. In the Surface Power window, under Display, click Flux or Irradiance. 4. Under Choose a color scale, select a color scale option. 5. In the Resolution dropdown, select the resolution for your analysis. 6. At the top of the Surface Power window, select the green check mark. 7. Run a ray trace. The surface power analysis appears in the graphics area. Note: To view a different surface power that you created, in the Output Tree, right-click the surface power analysis you want to see, and click Show Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 59

61 About ray traces LensMechanix includes two types of ray traces: baseline ray trace and full ray trace. We recommend that you run a baseline ray trace after you load the OpticStudio file to verify that the system performs correctly in LensMechanix. Baseline Ray Trace - Uses only the optical components and ignores mechanical components. Run a baseline ray trace to isolate design issues. For optical systems coming from a sequential design, a baseline ray trace validates that the underlying optical system still meets the performance requirements. For optical systems coming from non-sequential designs, a baseline ray trace creates the performance baseline so that you can compare it to a full ray trace, which includes both optical and mechanical components. Running a baseline ray trace populates the LensMechanix baseline cell in the Optical Performance Summary (OPS). Full Ray Trace - Analyzes the entire system using the inputs and settings that you establish. A full ray trace is the most robust ray trace in LensMechanix. Run a full ray trace when your mechanical geometry is ready for a full analysis in other words, after you run a baseline ray trace. A full ray trace takes the longest to perform of the ray traces because it is the most robust. A full ray trace always results in a LensMechanix output. There is no OpticStudio ray trace in LensMechanix; that data comes with the files when you are loaded into LensMechanix. Note: You must load sources and light detectors before you can run a ray trace. Get the sources and light detector files from the optical engineer Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 60

62 Run a ray trace in LensMechanix You can select more than one type of ray trace for one instance. LensMechanix performs all selected ray traces in the order shown in the PMP. However, running multiple ray traces increases the overall ray-trace time. 1. On the LensMechanix tab in the Command Manager, click Ray Trace. 2. In the Ray Trace PMP, select the type of ray trace you want to run. 3. Click Run. Note: You can run a ray trace multiple times to evaluate the system as the design matures or changes are made. Each ray trace overwrites the data in the Optical Performance Summary (OPS). To save previous ray trace data, create a new analysis Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 61

63 Troubleshoot a ray-trace failure There are a couple reasons that a ray trace might fail: The ray trace tool timed out An error occurred while LensMechanix was processing ray-trace results We recommend that you save your assembly, restart SOLIDWORKS, and run another ray trace. If the issue persists, please lmxsupport@zemax.com Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 62

64 About an OpticStudio baseline vs. a LensMechanix baseline Baseline files store performance data, and then use the data to compare any subsequent output as you develop the optomechanical design. If you make changes to your design, the baseline tells you if the design is within or outside the performance tolerances. There are two types of baselines in LensMechanix: OpticStudio baseline - Includes data generated from the sequential OpticStudio design for the three performance criteria in Optical Performance Summary (OPS): spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination. If you load a sequential design from OpticStudio, an OpticStudio baseline is saved in your LensMechanix analysis. This data serves as a performance baseline to compare the optical output of the design for your analysis. If you load a non-sequential design from OpticStudio, you won't need an OpticStudio baseline. Thus, this cell is blank and grayed out in the OPS. LensMechanix baseline - Includes data collected during a ray trace for spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination using only the optical components in your design. This baseline establishes the expected performance of the system; it verifies that the OpticStudio files are loaded successfully. If you load a sequential design from OpticStudio, the LensMechanix baseline shows you the changes in performance after LensMechanix converted the design to non-sequential. If you load a nonsequential design from OpticStudio, the LensMechanix baseline serves as a performance baseline to compare the optical output of the design for your analysis Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 63

65 Validating About validating in LensMechanix In LensMechanix, validating refers to the process of using information that is generated from ray traces to visualize how light travels through your optomechanical system. The Optical Performance Summary (OPS) compares the performance of your complete system to the performance of the original OpticStudio design. The OPS measures spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination to determine the success or failure of the system after you run a ray trace. You can also create output files to send to the optical engineer for final review and validation. Use the five buttons highlighted below in the Command Manager to validate your optomechanical system. In validating your system, you will: Diagnose and resolve issues in the system using the Optical Performance Summary (OPS). Demonstrate the impact of mechanical components on optical performance using ray filtering and surface power analysis Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 64

66 Add rays to the graphics area 1. In the Run Ray Trace dropdown, click Full Ray Trace. 2. In the Command Manager, click Display Outputs > Rays. - Or - In the Output Tree, right-click Rays > Add Rays. 3. In the Choose number of rays text box, enter a number between 1 and 250 to indicate the number of rays you want to see in the graphics area from each source. 4. In the Choose the type of rays dropdown menu, select one of the three options to visually represent light rays: lines, lines with fletches, or pipes. Lines are the simplest way to demonstrate light rays: 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 65

67 Lines with fletches show the direction that light is travelling: Pipes are easier to visualize: 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 66

68 5. In the Choose a color dropdown menu, select the color you want to apply to the rays. 6. To isolate the rays you want to see, under Filter rays, select the appropriate options for the sources, detectors, and components. 7. Under Edit Rays, click the green checkmark. Note: If you do not add rays to the graphics area before running a ray trace, LensMechanix automatically adds a ray output to the graphics area by using the default settings of 25 rays and the Color by Source option enabled Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 67

69 About caching a rendered system during a ray trace When you run a full ray trace for the first time, LensMechanix renders and caches the optomechanical system in memory. When you run a second ray trace, LensMechanix evaluates what components have changed and updates only changed components in the analysis. Components without any changes are not recreated, so that the time it takes for LensMechanix to run a subsequent full ray trace is greatly reduced Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 68

70 Filter rays The ray filtering engine in LensMechanix helps you analyze and troubleshoot the optomechanical design. Filtering rays enables you to isolate rays in the graphics area based on certain behavioral criteria, such as the source of the rays, and the components and detectors that the rays interact with or do not interact with. To filter rays Select 1 to 250 rays that meet the criteria you set in the Rays PMP. For example, you can see how 50 rays are impacting a specific component, or you can see 25 rays that are not hitting a detector Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 69

71 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 70

72 Animate rays When a ray trace is completed, you can watch rays travel through the system by animating them. Ray animation is useful for determining which features of the mechanical components interact with light first, so that you can make changes to those components first. Stray light issues can be resolved efficiently if you focus on modifying the first component that light interacts with unintentionally. These are typically mechanical components. In the Ray Animation PMP, select the settings that you want. Speed: You can select the length of time it takes to play the animation from start to finish. Slow: 15 seconds Medium: 10 seconds Fast: 5 seconds Loop Animation: When you select this check box, the animation continues to play. Play and pause: You can pause the animation at any point to see where rays are interacting. Step Forward and Step Back: You can step through the animation in very fine increments. Progress bar: You can move forward or backward in the animation by dragging the icon across the animation progress bar Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 71

73 Tools to identify stray light LensMechanix includes several features to help you identify stray light. These tools include Optical Performance Summary (OPS), ray filtering, surface power, and the Image Viewer. Optical Performance Summary - Compares the performance of your complete system to the performance of the original OpticStudio design. OPS measures spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination to determine the success or failure of the system after you run a ray trace. You can change performance tolerances directly in the OPS; the OPS will then indicate if you are in the allowable range. Red indicates failure; green indicates success. Ray filtering - Isolates rays in the graphics area based on the criteria you choose, including the source of the rays, and the components and detectors that the rays do or do not interact with. Surface power - Graphically displays the intensity of light that falls on a specific mechanical or optical component. Select a component, and then run a ray trace. Image Viewer - Shows your image side by side with the original image input. Image Viewer is an approximation that is intended for qualitative analysis, not quantitative analysis. It is useful for assessing stray light, field of view, or beam clipping. The Image Viewer does not produce measured data, such as resolution or energy. To improve the quality of the output of the Image Viewer, increase your precision settings in the Analysis settings (Command Manager > Start Analysis > Start Analysis Wizard). We recommend that you run at least 1 million rays by selecting setting Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 72

74 About the Optical Performance Summary (OPS) The Optical Performance Summary (OPS) in LensMechanix compares the optical performance of your design during different stages. The OPS aggregates optical performance metrics into single numeric outputs so you can assess the performance of the system on a pass/fail basis. The OPS is most relevant for evaluating imaging systems. The performance metrics used in the OPS may not be relevant to non-imaging products, including many non-sequential designs. Additionally, if the design is non-sequential, the OpticStudio baseline is grayed out. We recommend that you use the other analysis and validation tools in LensMechanix to analyze non-imaging designs. LensMechanix uses four types of output measurements: spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination. Spot size - Refers to the RMS spot radius of any field detector. The number in the LensMechanix cells represents the largest change in root mean square (RMS) spot radius for any source. This number is not the RMS spot size; it is the largest measured change for that field detector. Beam clipping - Measures the decrease in light that follows the intended path through the system. The intended path is determined by the paths that go from each source to the detectors in the baseline ray trace. If any rays do not follow one of the original paths from a source to the detector, they are considered clipped. The number in both LensMechanix cells represent the decrease in rays that no longer terminate on a detector as a percentage of total initial rays. Image contamination - Measures the total amount of unintended light that impacts the image plane. LensMechanix determines the unintended light by comparing the baseline performance to the output of a new ray trace. Any light hitting a detector that is not present in the original system is 2018 Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 73

75 considered unintended. The numbers in the LensMechanix Baseline cell and the LensMechanix Output cell represent the percentage increase of unintended light on any detector compared to the total power of the system. LensMechanix generates this number by tracing light from all sources and then evaluating the total amount of light that does not follow the intended path but that reaches a detector. To determine pass or fail, LensMechanix requires four inputs: allowable delta, OpticStudio baseline, LensMechanix baseline, and LensMechanix output. Allowable delta - Determines how much your measured data can change before the optical performance of your system fails. By default, LensMechanix sets the performance tolerances at 1, regardless of your optical system. We recommend that you change these values in the Allowable delta page based on the optical design requirements. For accurate results, get the performance tolerances from your optical engineer and manually enter them in the three boxes on this page. OpticStudio Baseline - This data set is generated from the OpticStudio design after conversion to non-sequential mode during the loading process. The OpticStudio Baseline serves as a performance baseline to compare the optical output of the design for your analysis. If you load a non-sequential design from OpticStudio, you do not need an OpticStudio baseline. As a result, this cell is blank and grayed out. LensMechanix Baseline - This data set is generated from only the optical components in your design for spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination. If you load a non-sequential file from OpticStudio, the LensMechanix baseline serves as a performance baseline to compare the optical output of the design for your analysis. LensMechanix Output - This data is generated from both the optical and mechanical components in the design for spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination. The OPS uses a ray trace to establish a baseline performance for the system. LensMechanix then compares the output of the ray trace to the performance of the system during later design stages. The allowable delta determines the maximum change in any one measurement when the measurement is compared to the baseline data. Any change in performance is assumed to be undesirable. So, if a change in performance measurement is larger than the allowable delta for that metric, LensMechanix considers the performance to have failed, and the corresponding cell is filled in red. If the change in performance measurement is less than the allowable delta for that metric, LensMechanix considers the performance to have passed, and the cell is filled in green Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 74

76 About visualizing data in the Optical Performance Summary LensMechanix compares the results of the OpticStudio baseline, the LensMechanix baseline, and the LensMechanix output. The OPS provides this comparison for three optical design checkpoints. Show Diagrams (Spot Size) - Displays the output of the spot detectors in a bitmap. The scale shows the irradiance on each field point detector relative to the number of rays used. The OpticStudio baseline typically uses more rays in its calculation, which makes the spot diagram s scale bar different. To normalize the scale bars with respect to the maximum of each dataset, select the Equal Color Scales check box. Show Ray Paths (Beam clipping) - Displays the order in which rays interact with components as they propagate through the system. Any path that includes an object number corresponding to a mechanical component is considered clipped. Show Ray Paths (Image contamination) - Displays the order in which rays interact with components as they flow through the complete system Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 75

77 Resolve common issues using the OPS The three pages in the OPS provide information about spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination in your optomechanical system. Many times, you can use the OPS to detect and resolve issues before you send the complete system to the optical engineer to validate. Spot size - Deviations from the ideal spot size likely stem from a change in the position of one or more optical components from the loaded OpticStudio file. These deviations may be caused by space constraints or the use of differently sized mechanical components when you investigated tolerancing. In the following two images, the spacing between two lens elements was changed by 0.1 mm. The calculated spot size from the full ray trace is significantly different from the original spot size that LensMechanix calculated during the baseline ray trace. The change in spot size is apparent when you click Show Diagrams on the Spot Size page: Beam clipping -When a ray follows an unintended path during a full ray trace, LensMechanix identifies it as beam clipping. We recommend that you investigate the mechanical components as the primary source of beam clipping Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 76

78 If you click Show Ray Paths on to the Beam clipping page, you can see the specific sources that are affected and how many unintended paths are present. In the following image, all paths except paths 1, 2, and 3 are unintended paths and are considered clipped Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 77

79 Image contamination - As LensMechanix traces rays, it monitors both the amount of light and the order in which light interacts with the objects in the optomechanical system. The Image contamination page displays a change in the amount of stray light that goes through the system and reaches a detector. If you click Show Ray paths on the Image contamination page, you can see a path analysis report. This report indicates the total amount of flux through the system. The report also summarizes the relative flux of each path and the object sequence in the path. You can use this information to better understand how stray light is behaving in your optomechanical system Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 78

80 Troubleshoot spot size, beam clipping, or image contamination issues After you run a full ray trace, the results appear in the OPS. You can troubleshoot the measurement for spot size, beam clipping, or image contamination by clicking the corresponding button on the OPS. To troubleshoot the spot size measurement: 1. On the Spot size page, click Compare Ray Traces. 2. In the Compare to OpticStudio Baseline dialog box, compare the data that appears in the LensMechanix Output cell to the original data in the OpticStudio Baseline cell. In the following example, changes to the overfill source, temperature, and lens position of object 7 appear in the LensMechanix Output cell Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 79

81 To troubleshoot the beam clipping measurement: On the Beam clipping page, click Display Clipped Rays. In the graphics area, you now see rays from all sources that hit any mechanical components and miss the Detector Color. The ray filter also displays rays that hit any optical components that are defined as ABSORB, which terminates the rays. To troubleshoot the image contamination measurement: On the Image contamination page, click Display Contaminating Rays. In the graphics area, you now see rays from all sources that hit any mechanical components, miss any Detector Rectangle, and hit the Detector Color. Note: You can edit the ray filters that appear in the Output Tree for your analysis. For example, the following screenshot shows five display rays that can all use different ray filters Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 80

82 Understanding allowable delta The allowable delta is a performance tolerance for your design. You can manually change the three allowable deltas in the Allowable delta page. These values indicate the success or failure of your design by defining the maximum change in your measured metrics when LensMechanix compares your baseline data to a LensMechanix output. We recommend that you obtain the allowable deltas from the optical engineer Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 81

83 To view or change the allowable delta In the Allowable delta page, enter the number you want in the corresponding text box Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 82

84 Why don t I have an OpticStudio baseline? An OpticStudio baseline can come only from a sequential file from OpticStudio; it cannot be generated in LensMechanix. If you want a baseline, use the LensMechanix baseline instead. You can be confident that the performance in LensMechanix will be the same as it was in non-sequential mode in OpticStudio Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 83

85 Validate the performance of a design from a sequential or non-sequential file To get the best results when validating the performance of your designs in the OPS, follow the steps in the order below. Correcting one issue can change the results downstream, so attempting to address issues out of order can create problems. At any step, if your design does not meet the specifications, resolve the issue first, before you move to the next step. Note: The order of steps differs, depending on whether the design came from a sequential file or a nonsequential file. To validate the performance of a design from a sequential file: 1. In the OpticStudio Baseline cell, verify that you have a baseline data set, which is indicated by green check marks. 2. Obtain the allowable deltas from the OpticStudio user, and then manually enter them in the Allowable Δ page. 3. In the Command Manager, click Run Ray Trace. 4. In the Run Ray Trace PMP, select Baseline ray trace and click Run. 5. In the LensMechanix Baseline cell, verify that spot size cell is green, which indicates that the design meets the specification. 6. In the LensMechanix Baseline cell, verify that beam clipping meets the specification. 7. In the LensMechanix Baseline cell, verify that image contamination meets the specification. 8. In the Run Ray Trace PMP, select Full ray trace and click Run. 9. In the OPS, verify that spot size meets the specification. 10. In the OPS, verify that beam clipping meets the specification. 11. In the OPS, verify that image contamination meets the specification. If your design does not meet specifications in the LensMechanix Baseline cell, contact the OpticStudio user to verify that the as-designed optical system meets the performance requirements after it was converted to non-sequential. Note: If you are using the overfill clear aperture function in the analysis type control, always validate the system without overfilling the clear aperture first. After the base system is validated, you can overfill the clear aperture and reanalyze the system in the OPS. The measurements in the OPS are likely to change when the aperture is overfilled. It is up to you or the OpticStudio user to determine if the changes are acceptable. To validate the performance of a design from a non-sequential file: 1. Obtain the allowable deltas from the OpticStudio user, and then manually enter them in the Allowable Δ page. 2. In the Command Manager, click Run Ray Trace. 3. In the Run Ray Trace PMP, click Baseline ray trace and Full ray trace and click Run. 4. In the OPS, verify that spot size meets the specification. 5. In the OPS, verify that beam clipping meets the specification. 6. In theops, verify that image contamination meets the specification Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 84

86 Generating a report from the Optical Performance Summary To generate a report in LensMechanix: 1. In the Command Manager, click Generate Files > Generate Report. 2. Select the data to include in your report and then save the report. The report will open in a LensMechanix template. If you cannot open a.docx file, LensMechanix saves the report as an RTF file, which you can open with WordPad; however, some of the template formatting may be lost. About the Image Viewer The Image Viewer is designed to help you assess the image quality of your complete design by showing your image side by side with the original image input. Image Viewer is an approximation that is intended for qualitative analysis, not quantitative analysis. It is useful for assessing stray light, field of view, or beam clipping. The Image Viewer does not produce measured data, such as resolution or energy. Tip: To improve the quality of the output of the Image Viewer, increase your precision settings in the Analysis settings (Command Manager > Analysis Settings > Precision Settings). We recommend that you run at least 1 million rays by selecting setting Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 85

87 About power throughput Power throughput calculates the amount of power that passes through an optical or optomechanical system. The amount of power that enters a system (flux in) is defined by the sources in the OpticStudio design. The amount of power that makes it through the system to the detectors is called flux out. LensMechanix divides the total power lost into two numbers: power lost to optical components and power lost to mechanical components. The power that is lost due to optical components is caused by internal reflections, absorption, and thin film or coating effects of the optical components. The power that is lost due to mechanical components is caused by reflections and absorption of the mechanical components. Review the power throughput in your system To view the power throughput of your system: 1. Run a full ray trace. 2. Click Display Outputs > Power Throughput Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 86

88 Compare multi-configurations for an optomechanical design You can check the performance of all configurations at a glance by using a multi-configuration table. 1. Run a ray trace for each configuration. 2. In the Display Outputs dropdown menu, click Multi-configuration comparison. If the prototype meets all design requirements that you entered in the Allowable Δ, the design title is green. If it does not, it is red. 3. To view the values for each measurement and configuration, click the plus sign on the left. The dialog box expands to show spot size, beam clipping, and image contamination measurements for each configuration Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 87

89 Create an OpticStudio output file LensMechanix can create a Zemax archive file (ZAR), which includes the geometry and settings from the last ray trace. A ZAR file can be opened in OpticStudio using the Load Archive feature in OpticStudio. To have changes reflected in the output file, run another full ray trace before saving your file. 1. In the Command Manager, click Display Output. 2. Click Save OpticStudio Output. 3. In the Save Output As dialog box, click Bse to find the location where you want to export the file. Note: If you run a baseline ray trace, none of the mechanical geometry is included in the output file. Working with multi-configuration output files A multi-configuration output file produces a.zar file with the configurations that you selected when you saved the file. Each configuration in OpticStudio includes all the same settings that the design includes in LensMechanix Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 88

90 Save a multi-configuration output file After you analyze different configurations, you can save an OpticStudio output file with multiple configurations. This enables you to share all design configurations with your optical engineer in one file. 1. In the LensMechanix tab, in the Generate Files dropdown, click Save Multi-configuration OpticStudio Output. 2. In the Select Prototypes to Save dialog box, select the check boxes for the designs that you want to include in the output file. 3. Click Save As. 4. In the Save OpticStudio Output dialog box, click Browse to find the location where you want to save the file Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 89

91 Create manufacturing drawings You can create 2D SOLIDWORKS drawings in LensMechanix for standard and aspheric lenses to communicate how your design should be manufactured. You can then modify them with other views and dimensions. 1. In the Command Manager, click Generate Drawing. 2. In the Drawing PMP, select the components that you want drawings of, and click the green check mark. A drawing is created for each lens selected. Based on the ISO specification, the drawing template displays dimensions, coatings, material information, and other information about the lens Zemax LLC LensMechanix 4.5 Help Manual 90

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