AUTOMATIC TEST CASE GENERATION USING UML MODELS

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1 Volume-2, Iue-6, June-2014 AUTOMATIC TEST CASE GENERATION USING UML MODELS 1 SAGARKUMAR P. JAIN, 2 KHUSHBOO S. LALWANI, 3 NIKITA K. MAHAJAN, 4 BHAGYASHREE J. GADEKAR 1,2,3,4 Department of Computer Engineering, Pune Univerity 1 jainagar7@gmail.com, 2 khuhbulalwani8@gmail.com, 3 nikitakm@gmail.com, 4 gadekarbhagya@gmail.com Abtract- We preent a tet cae generation technique uing UML model. We ue the feature of UML activity diagram and ue cae diagram which include the object and their activitie. All the condition, meage, are included in the tet cae. Our model derive tet cae uing full predicate coverage criteria. We contruct Concurrent Control Flow Graph (CCFG) from activity diagram. We focu on generating tet cae on equence of action and the actor performing thee action. The generated tet cae from our ytem can be ued for integration and ytem teting. The tet cae generated are uitable for detecting object interaction. Keyword- Activity Diagram, Full Predicate Coverage Criteria, Uml, Ue Cae. I. INTRODUCTION Software teting play a crucial tep in auring oftware quality. It erve the purpoe of quality aurance, verification and validation. Studie indicate that 50% of cot for oftware development i given to teting. Generation of tet cae i a time conuming proce. Hence, automation i an important iue. There are two main approache to generate tet cae. One approach i generating tet cae from and deign pecification. The econd approach i uing ource code. Mot of the and high-level deign of oftware are documented in the form of model. Thee model can be ued for tet cae generation of the ytem by automated mean. UML diagram may be decompoed into everal interconnected interaction diagram. For generating tet equence, Activity diagram i alone not enough to decide the different component, i.e., input, expected output, etc. Hence we need ue cae diagram to realize actor. The paper tart ection II a an introduction to the baic concept like UML diagram ued, CCFP, etc. The III ection cover a literature urvey of exiting ytem. The IV ection dicue the propoed ytem. In thi ection, we build graph, find tet equence and generate tet cae in tabular form. Section V conclude the paper. II. BASIC CONCEPTS UML Model: 1. Ue cae: A ue cae i an abtraction of a ytem repone to external input. It accomplihe a tak that i important from uer point of view. Thu, a ue cae focue on only thoe feature viible at the external interface of a ytem. A ue cae intance define particular input value and expected reult. Ue cae diagram do not preent architectural model, uerinterface model or workflow model. Ue cae cenario are uually not executed in arbitrary order. Some ue cae cenario need to be executed before other. They may have <<extend>> and <<include>> dependencie a well a equential dependencie which tem from the logic of the buine proce that the ytem upport. Hence, data come in or goe out of the ytem through ue cae. An actor give input and receive output information through ue cae. Thu, we can have dependencie and contraint between ue cae for each actor. So ue cae diagram can be ornamented with extra ad-hoc information to how relationhip and dependencie among ue cae of a ytem. Ue cae modeling i a different and complementary way of eliciting and documenting. The ue cae model provide a prime ource for object and clae. Ue cae conit of actor and role. An actor pecifie a role that ome external entity adopt when interacting with your ytem directly. A pecification of equence of action, including variant equence and error equence, that a ytem, ubytem or cla can perform by interacting with outide actor. [4]. Ue cae lack the following neceary element of tet deign: 1) Domain Definition of each variable that participate in a ue cae. 2) Required input/output relationhip among ue cae variable (called parameter). 3) Sequential Contraint among ue cae. The diagram below how the ue cae diagram of one of the module of Hopital Management Sytem. Automatic Tet Cae Generation Uing UML Model 30

2 Volume-2, Iue-6, June-2014 Figure 1. Ue cae Diagram of Hopital management ytem. 2. Activity diagram: Activity diagram are OO Flowchart. Activity diagram allow you to model a proce a an activity that conit of a collection of node connected by edge.an activity can be attached to any modeling element for the purpoe of modeling it behavior. The element provide the context for the activity, and the activity may refer to feature of it context. Activitie are typically attached to ue cae, clae, interface, component, collaboration,. In our model we are attaching the activity diagram to ue cae. Help to identify which object doe what activity. Activity diagram how the work flow of a ytem. The unique capability of activity diagram i that they let you model a proce without having to pecify the tatic tructure of clae and object that realize that proce. An example of activity diagram i a hown below: Figure 2. Activity Diagram of Hopital management ytem. Automatic Tet Cae Generation Uing UML Model 31

3 The above activity diagram i of Hopital Management Sytem. It how the work flow of the Hopital Management Sytem. Full-Predicate-Coverage-Criterion (FPC): A tet et T atifie the full predicate coverage criterion if and only if for each claue c in each condition in a equence diagram there exit t1 in T uch that t1 caue c to evaluate to TRUE and there exit t2 in T uch that t2 caue c to evaluate to FALSE while all other claue in the condition have value uch that the value of the condition will alway be the ame a the claue under tet [5]. Thi criterion require all the predicate are checked i.e. all poible combination of the different predicate in the condition are checked. Concurrent Control Flow Path (CCFP): A CCFP i made by travering from the initial node to the final node and concatenating all the node in the path. Similar to conventional CFP, pecial conideration regarding deciion node hould be made in term of condition and loop, i.e. two different CCFP for true/fale edge of a condition hould be derived. III. A LITERATURE SURVEY OF EXISTING SYSTEM The approach propoed by Tonella et al. [6] generate tet cae baed on UML equence diagram that are revere engineered from the code under tet. Samuel et al. [7] preented a novel methodology for tet cae generation baed on UML equence diagram. They create meage dependence graph (MDG) from UML equence diagram. Edge marking dynamic licing method i applied on MDG to create lice. Baed on the lice created with repect to each predicate on the equence diagram, tet data are generated. They have ued a tet adequacy criterion named lice coverage criterion. IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM: Volume-2, Iue-6, June-2014 Our propoed approach for tet cae generation i baed on the artifact produced at the end of the analyi tage of the development. The artifact include ue cae diagram and activity diagram for each ue cae. The approach require the pecification of uch equential contraint in the form of an activity diagram. Our propoed model ha the following tep to generate tet cae: 1) Convert the activity diagram given to activity graph. 2) Extracting CCFP from Activity Graph. 3) Generate Tet equence from the activity graph. 4) Finally uing the ue cae diagram and the equence to generate the tet cae. Step 1: In thi graph, the vertice are the ue cae or action node in the activity graph and the dependency edge are the edge between the activity action node. The fork and join node are deleted while contructing it. The Activity Graph of the activity diagram (Figure 2) of Hopital management i a follow. They generate tet cae for cluter/integration level teting. Sharma et al. [8] tranformed a UML ue cae diagram into a graph called ue cae diagram graph (UDG) and equence diagram into a graph called the equence diagram graph (SDG) and then integrating UDG and SDG to form the Sytem Teting Graph (STG). The STG i then travered to generate tet cae for ytem teting. They have ued tate-baed tranition path coverage criteria for tet cae generation. Nayak et.al. [9] Propoed an approach of yntheizing tet data from the information embedded in model element uch a cla diagram and equence diagram. They ued OCL contraint. In their approach, they annotated a equence diagram with attribute and contraint information derived from cla diagram and OCL contraint and map it onto a tructured compoite graph called SCG. The tet pecification are then generated from SCG Figure 3. Activity Graph of correponding Activity diagram in Figure 2. Step 2: Extracting CCFP from Activity Graph: The next tep i extracting Concurrent Control Flow Path from the CCFG. All the different branche taken are identified and all poible concurrent path are derived. If the number of branche i n, then the number of different poible path can go up to 2*n. In the above example, we obtain five different path. The different poible path obtained are Automatic Tet Cae Generation Uing UML Model 32

4 1) A-B-C-E. 2) A-B-C-D-F. 3) A-B-C-D-G-I. 4) A-B-C-D-G-H-J-K. Step 3: To derive activity equence Depth-Firt earch i ued. The algorithm ued to generate thi equence i: Input: Activity Diagram Output: Tet Sequence Let TS be Tet Sequence. Let PD be Parameterized Dependencie. Step 1: Travere the activity diagram uing Depthfirt Search. Step 2: If loop preent Step 3: Make one iteration. Step 4: End if. Step 5: for each pair (A, B) of intantiated equence in PD Step 6: TS= Merge (A, B) Step 7: Store all Tet Sequence TS. Step 8: End. The tet equence generated i: 1) Viit doctor-provide - - Iue dicharge advice-end. 2) Viit doctor-provide-repot-check check tet -precribe tet-end. 3) Viit doctor-provide -check check tet -check -precribe medicine-end. 4) Viit doctor-provide -check check tet -check -chedule -patient confirm -perform -end. The tet equence i alo known a flow. Step 4: The tet equence i diplayed. Uing the Ue cae Diagram the actor and their activitie are determined and the tet cae are generated in a tabular form. The table conit of the following information. 1) The actor /actor involved. 2) The action performed by the actor/actor. 3) Condition. 4) Next action to be performed. Volume-2, Iue-6, June-2014 Viit doctor Provide Provide tet tet, nure, nure, patient, nure, patient, nure Precribe tet Precribe tet CONCLUSION Ye Report poitive Report negative More tet More tet not Ye Operatio n Operatio n not Ye Ye Ye tet Iue dicharge advice Precribe tet End Precribe medicine End The tet cae in tabular form for the dicued example of hopital management ytem are a follow: Actor Action performed Conditio n Next action to be performed patient Viit doctor Ye Provide We have preented a trategy for integration teting which combine information from ue cae and activity diagram. Our approach exercie object interaction in the context of ue cae dependencie to fulfill the of the uer. The generated tet cae may lead to the part of the tet cae for ytem teting by combining it for all ue cae cenario together without mine it eparately. Our propoed technique ue XML, which i latet de-facto tandard for exchanging UML model. Automatic Tet Cae Generation Uing UML Model 33

5 REFERENCES [1] R.V. Binder. Teting Object-Oriented Sytem Model, Pattern And Tool. Object Technology Serie. Addiion Weley, Reading, Maachuett, October [2] S. Muchnick, Advanced Compiler Deign And Implementation, Firt Ed., Morgan Kaufmann, [3] P.L. Navarro, D.S. Ruiz And G.M. Perez, A Propoal For Automatic Teting Of Gui Baed On Annotated Ue Cae Advance In Software Engineering., Vol. 2010, Article ID , Doi: /2010/671284, [4] Jim Arlow, Ila Neutadt, UML 2 And The Unified Proce, Principle, Object-Oriented And Deign, Second Edition, Pearon Education. [5] S. Ghoh, R. France, C. Braganza, N. Kawane, A. Andrew, O.Pilkaln, Yet Adequacy Aement For UML Deign Volume-2, Iue-6, June-2014 Model Teting, In Proceeding Of 14 th International Sympoium In Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE), pp.332,2003. [6] Tonella, P., Potrich, A. Revere Engineering Of The Interaction Diagram From C++ Code, In Proceeding Of IEEE International Conference On Software Maintenance, pp ,2003. [7] Philip Samuel, Rajib Mall, A vel Tet Cae Deign Technique Uing Dynamic Slicing Of UML Sequence Diagram e-informatica: Software Engineering Journal, Volume 2, Iue 1, [8] M. Sarma, R. Mall, Automatic Tet Cae Geneatin From UML Model,IEEE Computer Society, Pp , [9] A. Nayak And D. Samanta, Automatic Tet Data Synthei Uing UML Sequence Diagram. Journal Of Object Technology, Vol.09,.2, Pp , March-April Automatic Tet Cae Generation Uing UML Model 34