Version 7. Origin Help. OriginLab Corporation

Transcription

1 Version 7 Origin Help OriginLab Corporation

2 Copyright OriginLab, Origin, and LabTalk are either registered trademarks or trademarks of OriginLab Corporation. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation OriginLab Corporation. All rights reserved. The software (including any images, applets, photographs, animations, video, audio, music and text incorporated into the software) is owned by OriginLab Corporation or its suppliers and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Therefore, you must treat the software like any other copyrighted material (e.g., a book or musical recording) except that you may either (a) make one copy of the software solely for backup or archival purposes, or (b) transfer the software to a single hard disk provided you keep the original solely for backup or archival purposes. You may not copy the printed materials accompanying the software, nor print copies of any user documentation provided in online or electronic form. Grant of License This OriginLab Corporation End-User License Agreement ( License ) permits you to use one copy of the OriginLab Corporation product Origin, which may include user documentation provided in online or electronic form ( software ), on any single computer, provided the software is in use on only one computer at any one time. If this package is a license pack, you may make and use additional copies of the software up to the number of licensed copies authorized. If you have multiple licenses for the software, then at any time you may have as many copies of the software in use as you have licenses. The software is in use on a computer when it is loaded into the temporary memory (i.e., RAM) or installed into the permanent memory (e.g., hard disk, CD-ROM, or other storage device) of that computer, except that a copy installed on a network server for the sole purpose of distribution to other computers is not in use. If the anticipated number of users of the software will exceed the number of applicable licenses, then you must have a reasonable mechanism or process in place to ensure that the number of persons using the software concurrently does not exceed the number of licenses. OriginLab Corporation Technical Support Support hours are 8:30 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. EST. Users must have their Origin serial number and registration code ready. Users who have not yet registered with OriginLab Corporation should be prepared to register upon calling for technical support (U.S. & Canada) OriginLab Corporation Tel: One Roundhouse Plaza Fax: Northampton, MA tech@originlab.com USA

3 Contents Contents Origin Basics 5 Topography of an Origin Project and Workspace...5 Menus and Menu Commands...5 Toolbars...7 Window Types...12 Project Explorer...20 Results Log...24 Code Builder...25 Script Window...26 Origin Project Files...26 Saving a Project...27 Automatically Creating a Backup...27 Opening a New Project...27 Opening an Existing Project...28 Opening More than One Project...29 Appending Projects...29 Project Windows...30 Creating a New Window...30 Renaming a Window...31 Hiding a Window...32 Deleting a Window...32 Refreshing a Window...32 Duplicating a Window...33 Saving a Window...33 Opening a Window from a File...34 Window Templates...35 Worksheets 39 Introduction to Origin Worksheets...39 Performing Basic Worksheet Operations...39 Adding Columns...39 Inserting Columns...39 Deleting Columns...40 Moving Columns...40 Changing the Column Width...40 Contents dccxxix

4 Contents Inserting Rows...41 Deleting Rows...41 Changing the Row Heading Width...41 Transposing the Columns and Rows...41 Entering and Deleting Data in the Worksheet...42 Entering Data using the Keyboard...42 Supported Engineering Notation...43 Importing Data...44 Exchanging Data through the Clipboard...44 Filling Columns with Row Numbers or Random Numbers...44 Using Functions to Set Column Values or Mathematically Transform Values...45 Assigning Incremental X Values...47 Inserting Data within a Column...47 A Note on Missing Values in the Worksheet...48 Deleting Data...48 Exporting Data...48 Viewing Worksheet Data...48 Setting the Worksheet Display Range...49 Scrolling to a Specified Row Number...49 Selecting Worksheet Data...49 Selecting the Entire Worksheet...49 Selecting Adjacent Columns...50 Selecting Nonadjacent Columns...50 Selecting Rows...50 Selecting Cells...51 Controlling the Worksheet's Display Properties...51 Controlling the Properties of the Columns...54 Naming Columns and Adding Labels...54 Designating a Column as X, Y, Z, Error, Label, or None...54 Setting up a Worksheet with Multiple X Columns...56 Setting up a Worksheet without X Columns...57 Working with Error Columns in the Worksheet...58 Setting Up the Column Data Type and Working with Different Data Formats...58 A Note on Controlling the Display of Numeric Data...63 A Note on Dates and Times in Origin...65 Categorical Data Support...67 Associating Script with a Worksheet...67 The Worksheet Script Dialog Box...68 Aligning Objects with the Page Grid...69 Extracting Data from the Worksheet...69 A Note About the Row Number [i]...71 Saving a Worksheet as a Template...71 Deleting a Worksheet from a Project...71 Working with Excel in Origin 73 Limitations When Working with Excel in Origin...73 Contents dccxxx

5 Contents Starting New Projects with a Workbook Window Already Open...73 Opening a Workbook in Your Project...73 Opening an Existing Workbook...73 Creating a New Workbook...76 Saving a Workbook Separately from the Project...76 How the Origin Workspace Changes When a Workbook is Active...76 The Menu...76 Toolbars...77 The Status Bar...77 The Shortcut Menus...77 Working with Workbook Windows...78 Renaming the Workbook...78 Renaming Sheets in the Workbook...79 Deleting Sheets from the Workbook...80 Creating a Matrix from the Workbook...80 Working with Workbook Data...80 Running Excel Macros in Origin...80 Invoking Visual Basic Application Functions in Origin...80 Plotting Workbook Data...81 How Origin Denotes Plotted Workbook Data...81 Creating a Graph from Workbook Data...82 Adding Workbook Data to an Existing Graph Window...93 Managing Projects that Include Workbooks...97 Saving the Project with Links to External Excel Workbook Files...98 Saving the Project with Internal Excel Workbooks Opening an Origin Project that has Links to External Excel Workbooks Opening an Origin Project that Contains Internal Excel Workbooks Troubleshooting Problems Using Excel in Origin If Excel Doesn t Close When You Exit Origin If One of the Windows has a Blank Display If Excel Fails to Launch from Within Origin Matrices 103 Introduction to Matrices Opening a Matrix Window Setting the Matrix Data Properties Setting the Matrix Dimensions and XY Coordinates Setting the Matrix Values Viewing the Matrix Values Customizing the Display Properties of a Matrix Importing Data into a Matrix Matrix Operations Transposing Inverting Flipping and Rotating Shrinking Contents dccxxxi

6 Contents Expanding Smoothing Integrating Converting a Worksheet into a Matrix Direct Conversion Expanding Columns During Conversion D Binning Converting Regular XYZ Data Converting Sparse XYZ Data Converting Random XYZ Data Converting a Matrix into a Worksheet Direct Conversion Creating a Worksheet with XYZ Columns Saving a Matrix Window Saving a Matrix as a Template Importing and Exporting Data 117 Importing Importing Data into a Graph Window Importing Data into a Worksheet Window Importing Data from a Database Using ODBC Pasting Data into Origin Exporting Exporting Worksheet Data Creating an ASCII File for Worksheet Data Copying Worksheet Data Exchanging Data Between Worksheets Using the Clipboard to Exchange Data Using the Script Window to Exchange Data Working with Raster Graphic Images in Origin 144 Importing and Plotting Images Adding New Color Palettes to Origin Entering Image Data Directly into a Matrix Image Processing Example Plotting an Image Histogram Viewing the Images X and Y Projections Exporting an Image Plotting: The Basics 149 Plotting Terminology The Graph Window The Layout Page Window Origin Graph Templates Contents dccxxxii

7 Contents Creating a Graph when a Worksheet is Active Before You Begin Plotting Highlighting the Worksheet Data and Plotting Plotting without Highlighting the Worksheet Data Creating a Graph when a Matrix is Active Creating (or Adding Data to) a Graph when the Graph Window is Active Importing Data into the Graph Adding Data using the Layer n Dialog Box Adding Data using the Select Columns for Plotting Dialog Box Adding Data from the Previously Active Worksheet Dragging Data from the Worksheet Into the Graph Creating a Data Plot Using the Draw Data Tool Displaying Multiple 3D Surfaces or a 3D Surface and Multiple 3D Scatter Data Plots Plotting Functions Plotting a Function into a Graph Window Plotting a Function into a Function Graph Window Creating a Data Plot or Data Sets from a Plotted Function Changing the Function Formula Adding Error Bars to Your Graph Adding Error Bars using the Add Error Bars Menu Command Adding Error Bars using the Select Columns for Plotting Dialog Box Adding an Error Bar Data Set to the Worksheet How does the Data List Display an Error Bar Data Plot? Plotting Categorical Data Adding a Date/Time Stamp to Your Graph Graph Windows and Graph Templates Plotting: Origin s Built-in Graph Types 181 2D Line, Scatter, and Line + Symbol Graphs Point Segment Graph Point Segment Graph Horizontal Step Graph Line Graph Line Series Graph Line+Symbol Graph D Scatter Graph Spline Connected Graph Vertical Drop Line Graph Vertical Step Graph D Bar and Column Graphs D Bar Graph Column Graph Floating Bar Graph Floating Column Graph Stack Bar Graph Contents dccxxxiii

8 Contents Stack Column Graph Area, Polar, and 2D Waterfall Graphs Area Graph Fill Area Graph Polar Graph D Waterfall Graph Pie Charts Smith Charts Vector Graphs X, Y, Angle, Magnitude Vector Graph X, Y, X, Y Vector Graph High-Low-Close Charts Ternary Graphs Multiple Layer Graphs Panel Graph Panel Graph Double Y Axis Graph Horizontal 2 Panel Graph Stack Graph Vertical 2 Panel Graph Indexed Size (Bubble) and Color Mapped Graphs Color Mapped Graph Indexed Size (Bubble) and Color Map Graph Indexed Size (Bubble) Graph D XYY Graphs D Bar Graph Ribbon Graph Wall Graph D Waterfall Graph D XYZ Graphs D Scatter Graph Trajectory Graph D Surfaces Bars Color Fill Surface Color Map Surface Wire Frame Surface Wire Surface X Constant with Base Surface Y Constant with Base Surface Contour Graphs Black and White Lines with Labels Contour Color Fill Contour Gray Scale Map Contour Plotting: Graph Layers 239 Contents dccxxxiv

9 Contents Understanding Layers Defining the Layer Reasons for Adding Another Layer to a Graph Defining the Active Layer Terminology: Parent Layer vs. Child Layer Controlling the Display of Elements Associated with a Layer Displaying a Layer Background Color and Adding a Border Displaying the Layer Frame Changing the Size of a Layer Controlling the Display and Scaling of the Objects in a Layer Increasing the Redraw Speed in a Layer Controlling the 3D Axis Length, Rotation, and Perspective in a Layer Controlling the Display of the 3D Planes in a Layer Viewing a 3D Graph with a Perspective or Orthographic Projection Hiding Data in the 3D XY Plane Adding New Layers to the Graph Adding a New Set of Axes with a Scale Independent of the First Layer Adding a New Set of Axes with a Scale which is Linked to the First Layer Converting a Single Layer Graph into Multiple Layers Copying Graphs Between Pages Adding an Inset Graph Adding Layers During Layer Arrangement Adding Layers by Merging Pages Using LabTalk to Add a Layer Deleting Layers Hiding Layers Linking Layers and Axes Linking Layers to Control the Child Layer Position and Size Linking the Axes Between Layers Creating a Custom Link Between Temperature Scales Merging Existing Graph Windows Merging How Merging Affects Linked Layers Converting a Multiple Layer Graph Window into Multiple Graph Windows Arranging Layers on the Page Using the Add & Arrange Layers Menu Command Exchanging Layer Positions with the Layer Tool Overlaying Layers with the Layer Tool Arranging Layers with the Layer Tool Arranging Layers using the Layer's Plot Details Dialog Box Manually Positioning Layers on the Page The Layer Tool Plotting: The Axes 271 General Tips on Editing the Axes Axes and Axes Titles Contents dccxxxv

10 Contents Turning On and Off the Display of the Axes and Tick Labels Changing the Axis Scale and Increment Changing the Length of the Axis Changing the Axis Scale Type Controlling the Axis Rescale Mode Adding, Deleting, and Formatting an Axis Break in a 2D Graph Adding a Grid Adding, Editing, and Positioning an Axis Title Adjusting the Axis Position Exchanging the X and Y Axes in a 2D Graph Layer Linking Axes in Different Layers Ticks and Tick Labels Customizing Ticks Customizing Tick Labels Advanced Control over Tick Labels Reference Section: The Axis Dialog Box The Scale Tab The Title & Format Tab The Grid Lines Tab The Break Tab The Tick Labels Tab The Minor Tick Labels Tab The Custom Tick Labels Tab Creating a Time Series Graph Plotting: Customizing the Graph 303 Data Plots: General Tips Making a Data Plot Active Selecting the Data Plot You Want to Edit Switching Between Graph Types Controlling the Display Properties of a Group of Data Plots Controlling the Display Properties of a Data Point Customizing the Colors in Your Data Plot Using Data Sets as a Plotting Enhancement Clipping the Data Plot to the Frame Hiding Data Plots Setting the Data Plot's Display Range Rescaling the Axes to Display Data that Extends Beyond the Current Axes Range Connecting Lines Across Missing Data Displaying Every n th Data Point Moving a Data Point Deleting a Data Point Displaying the Data Plot's Worksheet Data Data Plots: Customizing Specific Elements Symbols Contents dccxxxvi

11 Contents Lines Fill Patterns Column, Bar, and Box Spacing Pie Slices Vectors Contours D Surfaces Error Bars Data Labels Legends and Color Scales Creating and Updating a Legend Changing the Legend Text Displaying Data Plots from Different Layers in One Legend Adding an Individual Data Point to the Legend How to Have Complete Control Over the Legend Display Setting the Active Data Plot using the Legend Controlling the Width of the Data Plot Type Icons in the Legend Displaying and Editing Color Scales Text Labels Creating and Editing Text Labels Supported Escape Sequences Resolving Math Expressions in Text Labels Linking Text Labels to Data and Variables Lines, Arrows, and Other Annotations Drawing Lines and Arrows Drawing Boxes, Circles, Polygons, and Regions Editing Objects Grouping Objects Aligning Objects Moving Objects to the Front or the Back Hiding Objects Associating LabTalk Script with an Object Adding a Scale Object to Your Graph Pasting Graphics from the Clipboard Exchanging Graphics Between Graph Windows Copying the Entire Page of the Active Graph Window (as an Active Layer) to another Graph Window Copying the Entire Page of the Active Graph Window (as an Object) to another Graph Window Copying Labels via the Clipboard Plotting: Customizing the Page Display 389 Setting the Page Orientation Available Page Viewing Modes: Speed vs. Accuracy How Origin Generates Screen Images Print View Contents dccxxxvii

12 Contents Page View Window View Draft View Full Screen The Miscellaneous Tab of the Page's Plot Details Dialog Box Other Ways to Increase Redraw Speed Controlling the Graph Window Redraw Conditions Hiding Labels, Data, and Layers Setting the Dimensions of the Graph Page Setting the Page Color and Other Page Display Preferences Controlling the Display of Graph Legends on the Page Changing the View of the Page Zooming In and Out Displaying the Whole Page Duplicating the Page Layout in all Your Graph Windows Creating Your Graphic Presentation 403 Introduction to Creating Presentations Using the Layout Page Window Opening a Layout Page Window Adding a Graph or Worksheet Picture to the Layout Page Window Working with Pictures in the Layout Page Window Enhancing the Redraw Speed in a Layout Page Window Sharing Your Origin Graph with Another Application Should I Insert My Graph or Create a Link to My Graph? Controlling the Size of your Linked or Inserted Graph Inserting Your Graph into Another Application Editing an Inserted Graph in the Destination Application Creating a Link to Your Graph in Another Application Editing a Linked Graph in the Destination Application Exporting Your Graph or Layout Page Exporting Your Graph or Layout Page Using the Clipboard Exporting Your Graph or Layout Page to an Image File Which Export Format Should I Choose? Controlling the Size of the Exported Image Inserting Origin Data Plot Symbols and Lines in Other Applications A Note on Making 35 mm Slides Printing 419 Checking Your Display Options Before Printing Previewing Before Printing Print Preview Mode A Note About Displaying and Printing Fonts Printing to the Printer Printing to a PostScript File Contents dccxxxviii

13 Contents Printing Your PostScript File How PostScript Files Differ from Encapsulated PostScript Files Troubleshooting Printing Problems Data Analysis 429 Selecting the Active Data Plot for Analysis The Results Log Data Exploration Tools The Data Display Tool The Data Selector Tool The Data Reader Tool The Screen Reader Tool The Enlarger Tool and Undo Enlarge Zoom In and Zoom Out Region of Interest (Image Data) Masking Data from Analysis Simple Math Performing Math Operations Performing Calculations on Data Sets Using LabTalk Subtracting Reference Data Subtracting a Straight Line Translating Vertically or Horizontally Averaging Multiple Curves Interpolating and Extrapolating Differentiating Differentiating using Savitzky-Golay Smoothing Integrating Statistics Descriptive Statistics Creating Box Charts Creating QC Charts Creating Histograms One Sample t-tests Two Sample t-tests One-Way ANOVA Two-way ANOVA Survival Analysis Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Using the FFT Tool Performing a Backward FFT FFT Mathematical Descriptions Correlation using the FFT Convolution using the FFT Deconvolution using the FFT Data Smoothing and Filtering Smoothing using Savitzky-Golay Filtering Contents dccxxxix

14 Contents Smoothing using Adjacent Averaging FFT Filter Smoothing Using the Smoothing Tool Digital Filtering Baseline and Peak Analysis The Pick Peaks Tool The Baseline Tool Other Data Utilities Sorting Data Normalizing Data Curve Fitting 509 Before You Begin Linear Fitting From the Menu Linear Regression Polynomial Regression Multiple Regression Linear Fitting Using the Tools The Linear Fit Tool The Polynomial Fit Tool A Note on Linear Fitting Theory Theory of Linear Regression Theory of Polynomial Regression Theory of Multiple Regression Nonlinear Curve Fitting from the Menu First Order Exponential Decay Second Order Exponential Decay Third Order Exponential Decay Exponential Growth Gaussian Lorentzian Sigmoidal Fitting a Data Plot with Multiple Peaks The Fit Comparison Tool The NLSF Wizard Creating a Custom Wizard The Nonlinear Least Squares Fitter Entering the Nonlinear Least Squares Curve Fitting Session Using the Fitter in the Basic Mode: Examples The Dialog Boxes of the Basic Mode Using the Fitter in the Advanced Mode Before you Start: The Chi-Square Minimization Selecting an Existing Fitting Function User-Defined Fitting Functions Selecting the Data Sets Starting the Fitting Contents dccxl

15 Contents The Fitting Results Controlling the Fitting Procedure Setting the Parameter Constraints Simulation of Data Running Scripts at Specified Triggers Fitting Multiple Peaks with Replicas of the Function Initializing the Fitter Using the Fitter with the Network Version of Origin Fitting Strategies Do I need NLSF? Using the Built-in Functions Parameter Initialization When the Fitting Procedure Does Not Converge Setting Your Preferences 595 Starting Origin with a Specific File Adjusting How Origin Starts by Modifying the Command Line Using a Different Initialization File When Starting Origin Specifying a Menu Level When Starting Origin Adding a New or Additional Configuration File Directing Origin to Start by Opening a Worksheet Based on a Specific Template.597 Network Switches Directing Origin to Start by Opening a Specific File The Origin Start Up Sequence Controlling the Default Window Type when You Open a New Project Setting Your Preferences with the Options Dialog Box Opening the Options Dialog Box Saving the Settings in the Options Dialog Box for Future Origin Sessions Reference Section: The Options Dialog Box Customizing the Color Palette Creating Custom Colors from the Color Buttons Customizing Templates Creating a Custom Template Creating a Window Based on a Custom Template Attributes Saved with a Worksheet Template Attributes Saved with a Graph Template Attributes Saved with a Matrix Template Customizing Toolbars The Customize Toolbar Dialog Box Creating a Button that Performs a Custom Task Creating a Group of Buttons that Perform Custom Tasks Modifying Custom Button Groups Exchanging Tools by Exporting Button Groups Sharing Origin Files 639 Contents dccxli

16 Contents Introduction Packing Files Un-packing Files Index 641 Contents dccxlii

17 printing 425 printing to 417, 425.PSD files exporting 413..TGA files exporting 413.AI files.tif files exporting 413, 606 exporting 413.BMP files.wmf files exporting 413 exporting 414, 606.CGM files.xpm files exporting 413, 606 exporting 414.DXF files.xwd files exporting 413, 606 exporting 414.EMF files exporting 413, 606.EPS exporting 413, variable.ini files legend 359 starting Origin 589, 590.JPG files exporting OGG files 2 digit year inserting in destination date value 65 OLE point segment graph 182 linking graphs in other programs 2000 year compliance 65, 301 OLE D binning.ogm files worksheet to matrix conversion 110 opening matrix templates 103 2D graphs.opj files See also Project 2 panel 217 exchanging 2 point segment 182 font substitution point segment 183 graph orientation panel 214 labels resizing panel 215 linking graphs in other programs area 200 OLE bar 193, 334, 336.OTM files box chart 334, 336, 452 opening matrix files 103 bubble 222, 315.OTW files clipping data outside XY axis range 247 opening worksheet templates 39, 71 color mapped 220, 311, 344, 346.PCX files color scale 364 exporting 413 column 195, 334, 336.PDF files double Y axis 216 exporting 413, 606 fill area 201, 333, 334, 336.PNG files floating bar 196 exporting 413 floating column 197.PS files high-low-close 211 Index Index 641

18 histogram with probabilities 457 displaying outline of front planes 251 histograms 334, 336, 457 layer redraw speed horizontal step 184 graphic image caching 245, 247 indexed size 222, 315 speed mode 245, 247 indexed size and color mapped 221 multiple data plots in layer 169 layer redraw speed page redraw speed graphic image caching 245, 247 hiding data plots 395 speed mode 245, 247 hiding labels 395 line 185, 329 hiding layers 395 line series 186 redraw conditions 392, 394, 613 line+symbol 188, 325, 329 viewing mode 390, 391 page redraw speed pie 206, 339 hiding data plots 395 plotting matrix data 163 hiding labels 395 ribbon 224 hiding layers 395 rotating 248 redraw conditions 392, 394, 613 tick labels 249 viewing mode 390, 391 scatter 227, 329 pie 206, 334, 336, 339 projections 329 polar 202, 334, 336 setting axis length 248 QC chart 455 tilting 248 scatter 189, 325 trajectory 228, 329 Smith Chart 207 projections 329 spline connected 190 wall 225, 334, 336 stack 218 waterfall 226, 334, 336 stack bar 198 wire frame surface 232, 350, 352 stack column 199 wire surface 233, 350, 352 ternary 212 X constant with base surface 234, 350, 352 toolbar 9 Y constant with base surface 235, 350, 352 vector 209, 210, 342 3D Rotation toolbar 248 vertical 2 panel 219 vertical drop line 191 vertical step waterfall digit year date value panel graph point segment graph 183 3D Bars tab Plot Details dialog box 353 3D graphs bar 223, 229, 334, 336, 353 changing perspective 249, 251 clipping data outside XY axis range 252 color fill surface 230, 350, 352 color map surface 231, 344, 346, 350, 352 column 223, 229 displaying back planes panel graph 215 A AC component fast Fourier transform 488 Active data plot selecting 303, 363 Index 642

19 Adding Results Log 24, 429 data plot to layer 164, 167, 168 smoothing data layers to graph 254 adjacent averaging 495 Adjacent averaging FFT filter 495 smoothing data 495 Savitzky-Golay 494 Adobe Illustrator sorting data 506 graphic export file format 413, 606 statistics on data 449 Adobe PhotShop box chart 452 graphic export file format 413 histogram 457 After Fitting dialog box 582 histogram with probabilities 457 AI files One-Way ANOVA 467 exporting 413, 606 QC chart 455 Aligning survival analysis 477 axis tick labels 300 t-test 457, 461 Alphanumeric symbols Two-Way ANOVA 472 box around 324, 326 subtract reference data 446 displaying in data plot 323, 326 subtract straight line 446 Amplitude normalization translating data 446 fast Fourier transform 488 Analysis of variance 467, 472 Analysis Angular range averaging data 447 setting for polar graph 203 calculations on data sets 440 Angular units data coordinates 433 global setting 597 data frequency count 450 Annotations See also Text label differentiating data 448 aligning 380 Savitzky-Golay 448 aligning to grid 381 extrapolating data 440, 447 arrows 374 fast Fourier transform 482 aligning 375 filtering data arrowhead 374 band block filter 499 circles 376 band pass filter 499 copying to the Clipboard 387 high pass filter 498 grouping 380 low pass filter 498 hiding 381 threshold filter 500 lines 374 finding peaks 500, 502 aligning 375 integrating data 448 horizontal 375 Baseline tool 502 vertical 375 interpolating data 440, 447 moving front or back 381 linear regression 510, 512 pasting from Clipboard 386 masking data 438 rectangles 376 math operations 439 text label 365 multiple regression 512 ANSI character set 365, 372 normality test 450 Apparent fit normalizing data 507 linear regression 513 polynomial regression 511, 516 Appending range of data 432 projects 29 results of Application development Index 643

20 distributing your application 623 adding a break 278, 292 Area graphs connecting data across 278, 398 2D waterfall 204 removing 278, 292 3D waterfall 226 adding independent axes 254, 268 area 200 adding linked axes 254, 268 fill area 201 changing 3D perspective 249, 251 fill area graph 333 changing increment 275 Arranging layers in graph 257, 265, 266, 267 changing position 280, 288 Arrow tool 374 changing rescale mode 277, 285 Arrowheads changing scale type 276, 284 annotations 374 linear 284 vector graph 342 ln logarithmic 284 Arrows log2 284 adding to graph 374 logarithmic 284 adjusting the arrowheads 374 logit 284 aligning in graph 375 offset reciprocal 276, 284 Bezier curve 375 probability 284 curved 375 probit 284 ASCII character display reciprocal 284 text label 371 clipping data outside XY axis range 243, 247, 252 ASCII Export Into dialog box 141 clipping data outside Z axis range 352 ASCII file color 288 default path 598 display control 247 drag-and-drop import 120, 134, 164 displaying 288 exporting data 141 displaying 3D back planes 251 range 142 displaying 3D front planes outline 251 significant digits 141 displaying frame around layer 243 importing into graph window 117, 118 displaying opposite line 290 file header 117 displaying right Y 273 importing into matrix window 108 tick labels 274 importing into worksheet window 121, 125 displaying scale using scale object 131, 385 file header 124 displaying top X 273 file structure 123 tick labels 274 range 126 displaying X value 131 importing multiple into worksheet window 128 exchanging X and Y 281 ASCII Import Options for Worksheet dialog box 123 grid lines 279, 290 Associate Excel Worksheet dialog box 79 on top of data 279 AutoCAD Drawing Interchange polar graph 203 graphic export file format 413, 606 hiding 274, 288 AutoExec macro linking layers 258, 261 Origin start up sequence 593 custom 262 Automatic color positioning with grid 280 for data plot 309 rescaling to show all data 320 Automation rotating 3D 248 drag-and-drop data 121, 135, 164 tick labels 249 Averaging data 447 scale 275, 276 Axis Axis Zoom In and Out 276 Index Index 644

21 cumulative Y scale 337 scale object 131 displaying scale using scale object 131, 385 X value indicator object 131 displaying X value 131 Enlarger tool 275, 435 selecting in Axis dialog box B Scale list box 272, 283 Back planes setting 3D length 248 displaying in 3D 251 setting the length of 244, 276 Background tab thickness 288 Plot Details dialog box 242 tick Backslash character customizing 281 in text labels 372 first major 286 Backup file increment 285 creating 27, 615 length 282, 288 Backward Fast Fourier transform 486, 490 minor increment 286 Band block minor labels 298 filter 499 number on axis 286 Band pass tick label 282, 294 filter 499 adding special 300 Bar graphs aligning 300 3D bar 223, 229, 353 decimal places 296 bar 193 divide by factor 296 change into column graph 281 format 296 customizing patterns 334 prefix or suffix 296 customizing spacing 336 rotating 300 floating bar graph 196 time series 301 stack bar graph 198 type 294 stacking 337 tilting 3D 248 Bars (3D) tab title 279, 288 Plot Details dialog box 353 moving from default position 280 Bars (graphs) See Columns (graphs) Axis dialog box Baseline Break tab 291 tool 502 Custom Tick Labels tab 299 Batch importing Grid Lines tab 289 ASCII files Minor Tick Labels tab 297 graph 118 opening 271 worksheet 128 Scale list box 272, 283 Batch printing Scale tab 283 Excel workbooks selecting an axis 272, 283 Project Explorer 420 Tick Labels tab 293 functions 421 Title & Format tab 287 Project Explorer 420 Axis tab graphs 421 Options dialog box 599 Project Explorer 420 Plot Details dialog box 248 layout pages 421 Axon file Project Explorer 420 importing 130 worksheets plotting 131 Project Explorer 420 Index 645

22 Bezier line Axis dialog box 291 connection in data plot 332 B-spline line Binning connection in data plot 331 2D Bubble and color mapped graph 221 worksheet to matrix conversion 110 Bubble graph 222, 315 customizing for box chart 454 Buffering Bisection search layer redraw speed 245, 247 reading data points 435, 613 Built-in functions Bitmap buffering using with NLSF 586 layer redraw speed 245, 247 Bitmaps displaying as data plot symbols 322, 326, 603 C graphic export file format 413 Caching graphic images pasting from Clipboard 386 layer redraw speed 245, 247 Blackman window function Categorical data 67, 176 fast Fourier transform 488, 492 CGM files BMP files exporting 413, 606 exporting 413 Character map 365 Bold Character set 365, 372 text label 371 Charting See Plotting Boltzmann 522 Child layer 240, 254 Bonferroni Chi-square One-Way ANOVA 467 calculating Two-Way ANOVA 472 nonlinear least squares fitter 538, 567 Border definition 532, 544, 565 displaying around axes 290 local minimum displaying around layer 243 nonlinear least squares fitter 587 for fill 334 minimizing pie nonlinear least squares fitter 542, 587, 588 removing 338 tolerance between iterations Box nonlinear least squares fitter 572 around data plot symbols 324, 326 Circle displaying around axes 290 adding object to graph 376 Box chart 452 Circle tool 376 customizing binning 454 Circular grid customizing box 453 polar graph 203 customizing data 454 Clearing customizing patterns 334 data in worksheet 48 customizing spacing 336 Clipboard customizing whiskers 453 copying data interpolating for percentiles signigicant digits 141 global setting 603 copying data between worksheets 143 overlaying distribution curve 454 copying data from worksheet 142 Box tab copying graphs as objects 387 Plot Details dialog box 453 copying graphs between pages 387 Boxes (graphs) See Columns (graphs) copying labels between graph windows 387 Break tab exporting graphs 412 Index 646

23 page size 606 selecting automatic 309 resolution 607 symbol edge color in legend 362 speed mode 392 symbol fill color in legend 363 exporting layout pages 412 text label 371 pasting data into worksheet 140 worksheet background 53 linking 140 Column graphs transpose 140 3D column 223, 229 Clipping change into bar graph 281 color map surface graph 3D 352 column 195 data to frame 243, 247, 252, 318 customizing patterns 334 setting margins for data plots 247 customizing spacing 336 Code Builder floating column graph 197 programming 25 stack column graph 199 Color fill surface graph 3D 230, 350, 352 Column toolbar Color images moving worksheet columns 40 importing 144 Columns (graphs) plotting 145 bar thickness 337 viewing with custom palettes 146 fill patterns 334 Color map surface graph 3D 231, 344, 346, 350, 352 gap between 336 displaying contour projections 352 log scale controls Z clipping 352 global setting 602 Color Map tab overlap 337 Plot Details dialog box 344 show zero value Color mapped and indexed size graph 221 global setting 602 Color mapped graph 220, 311, 341, 344, 346 stacking 337 color scale 364 Columns (matrix) Color palette heading height 53 customizing 617 Columns (worksheets) See also Data, Data set Color Palette dialog box 618 adding 39 Color scale See also Legend assigning incremental X values 47 display in graph 363 associations in worksheets 55, 59, 154 Color Scale Control dialog box 364 calculations on using LabTalk 440 Colors categorical data 67 axis 288 changing data color mapping data plot 311, 344, 346 running script 68 color scale 364 changing the width 40, 63 vectors 341 copying data 44 creating a custom color 310 copying data between 143 customizing color palette 617 data frequency count 450 customizing in data plot 309 date 60, 65 direct RGB in data plot 311 day of week 60, 65 displaying in layer 242 deleting 40 displaying in page 398 deleting data 48 incrementing in data plot 310 deleting data point 321 indexing in data plot 311 displaying as tick labels 295 line color in legend 362 displaying column labels 52 matrix background 53 displaying column names 52 Index 647

24 displaying default X values 58 selecting for vector angle 315 editing a cell value 43 selecting for vector magnitude 315 exporting data 48 selecting nonadjacent 50 ASCII file 141 setting data type 60 Clipboard 142 setting default X values 58 extracting data 69 setting display format 61 filling with a function 45, 46 date 62, 65 filling with normal random numbers 45 day of week 63, 65 filling with row numbers 45 month 63, 65 filling with uniform random numbers 45 numeric 61, 64 heading time 62, 65 tick label 295 setting plotting designations 55, 59 heading height 53 disregard 56 importing data 44 error 56 running script 68 label 56 inserting 40 multiple X 56 inserting data 47 X 56 labeling 54, 63 Y 56 from import header 125, 126 Z 56 math operations 439 setting the display range 49 maximum points from import file 125 layer redraw speed 245, 247 sorting data 506 missing values 48 statistics 449 month 60, 65 interpolating for percentiles 603 moving 40 supported engineering notation 43, 61 naming 54, 59 text 60 from import header 125 text and numeric 60 normality test 450 Origin 4.1 issues 60, 614 normalizing data 507 time 60, 65 numeric 60 transposing with rows 41, 613 pasting data into 140 typing data 42 linking 140 Command line transposing 140 starting Origin with a specific sequence 589 plotting adjacent 56 Compliance plotting as labels 355, 356 year , 301 ANSI character set 365, 372 Computer Graphics Metafile plotting nonadjacent 56, 159, 160, 162, 167 graphic export file format 413, 606 plotting when no X data 57, 156 Confidence bands selecting adjacent 50 linear regression 515 selecting all in worksheet 49 nonlinear least squares fitter 569 selecting for color indexing 311 polynomial regression 519 selecting for color mapping 311, 344, 346 Confidence level color scale 364 linear regression 513, 517 selecting for RGB colors 311 nonlinear least squares fitter 569 selecting for symbol interior 315 Configuration file selecting for symbol shape 315, 316 starting Origin 590, 591 selecting for symbol size 315 Constants Index 648

25 defining Data Display tool 430 nonlinear least squares fitter 580 Coordinates of data point 433 Constraints Copying imposing on parameters data from worksheet 44 nonlinear least squares fitter 575, 579, 588 graphs Contour graphs export 412 black and white with labels 236 OLE color fill 237 speed mode 392 contour labels 348, 349, 356 layers between pages 255 contour levels 344, 346 layout pages contour lines 347 export 412 gray scale map 238 Correlation layer redraw speed fast Fourier transform 492 graphic image caching 245, 247 Cox Proportional Hazards Model speed mode 245, 247 survival analysis 477 page redraw speed Criteria hiding data plots 395 extracting data from worksheet 69 hiding labels 395 Crop marks hiding layers 395 printing graph 396, 421 redraw conditions 392, 394, 613 CTRL column selection viewing mode 390, 391 in worksheet 50, 56 plotting matrix data 163 Cube Contour Labels dialog box displaying front outlines in 3D 251 Plot Details dialog box 348 Curve See Data plot Contour Lines dialog box Curve fitter See Nonlinear least squares fitter Plot Details dialog box 347 Curved Arrow tool 375 Contour projections Custom color displaying with color map surface graph 352 for data plot 310 Contours tab Custom Tick Labels tab Plot Details dialog box 344 Axis dialog box 299 Control Parameters dialog box 572 Converting Excel workbook to matrix D direct 80, 110 Danielson-Lanczos lemma 491 matrix to worksheet direct 114 Data See also Worksheet, Data set, Columns (worksheets), Data file XYZ columns 114 analysis worksheet to matrix averaging 447 2D binning 110 differentiating 448 direct 110 extrapolating 440, 447 expand 110 fast Fourier transform 482 random XYZ data 113 frequency count 450 regular XYZ data 111 integrating 448, 502 sparse XYZ data 112 interpolating 440, 447 Convolution linear regression 510, 512 fast Fourier transform 492 masking 438 Coordinate multiple regression 512 Index 649

26 normality test 450 selecting worksheet cells 51 normalizing 507 selecting worksheet rows 50 polynomial regression 511, 516 setting as categorical 67 Results Log 429 setting default separator 596 smoothing 494, 495 setting matrix display format 104 sorting 506 setting the worksheet display range 49 statistics 449, 452, 455, 457, 461, 467, 472, 477 setting values with a function 45, 46 subtraction 446 matrix 106 translating 446 setting worksheet column data type 60 assigning incremental X values 47 setting worksheet column display format 61 copying in worksheet 44 date 62, 65 deleting in worksheet 48 day of week 63, 65 displaying as tick labels 295 month 63, 65 dragging into graph 168 numeric 61, 64 editing a cell value 43 time 62, 65 exporting from worksheet 48 sparse XYZ extracting from worksheet 69 converting to matrix 112 filling column with normal random numbers 45 supported engineering notation 43, 61 filling column with row numbers 45 time series axis 285, 301 filling column with uniform random numbers 45 typing in worksheet 42 filtering Data Display band block 499 tool 430 band pass 499 Data Display Format dialog box 432 high pass 498 Data file low pass 498 ASCII threshold 500 exporting 141 importing in worksheet 44 exporting range 142 ODBC 135 file header 117, 124 running script 68 file structure 123 inserting in a column 47 importing into graph window 117, 118 linking to a text label 373 importing into matrix window 108 making changes in worksheet importing into worksheet window 121, 125, 128 running script 68 importing range into worksheet window 126 masking from analysis 438 Axon math operations 439, 440 importing into worksheet window 130 maximum points dbase layer redraw speed 245, 247 importing into worksheet window 129 missing values in worksheet 48 DIF peak analysis 500, 502 importing into worksheet window 129 plotting error bars 174 Kaleidagraph random XYZ importing into worksheet window 130 converting to matrix 113 LabTech regular XYZ importing into worksheet window 129 converting to matrix 111 Lotus selecting adjacent worksheet columns 50, 56 importing into worksheet window 129 selecting all in worksheet 49 Mathematica selecting nonadjacent worksheet columns 50, 56 importing into worksheet window 130 Index Index 650

27 MiniTab creating importing into worksheet window 132, 134 from selected worksheet data 155 SigmaPlot without highlighting worksheet data 156 importing into worksheet window 132, 134 creating a custom color 310 Sound customizing a data point 308 importing into worksheet window 130 customizing colors 309, 325 Data Import Options for Worksheet dialog box 125 data labels 355, 356 Data labels 355 ANSI character set 365, 372 ANSI character set 365, 372 defining 152 format 356 deleting 166 Data list deleting a data point 321 active data plot 153 differentiating 448 definition 153 Savitzky-Golay 448 error bar data plot 175 display every nth 321, 327 Excel workbook data 82 display over axes 247 Data plot displaying a range 167 3D bars 353 displaying coordinates 430 3D grids 351 error bars 354 3D side walls 352 extracting to different layers 255 3D surfaces 351, 352 extrapolating 440, 447 top and bottom contours 352 fast Fourier transform 482 adding to layer 164, 167, 168 fill area 333 averaging 447 fill patterns basing symbol interior on data set 315 selecting the border 334 basing symbol shape on data set 315, 316 selecting the fill 335, 346 basing symbol size on data set 315 from Excel workbook 81 basing vector angle on data set 315 graphic image caching basing vector magnitude on data set 315 fast redraw 245, 247 Bezier line connection type 332 grid on top of 247, 279 b-spine line connection type 331 grouping in layer 167, 306 changing graph types 305 hiding 247, 318 clipping data outside Z axis range 352 fast redraw 395 clipping data to frame 318 incrementing color 310 color mapping 311, 344, 346 incrementing display properties 307 color scale 364 indexing color 311 columns integrating 448 bar thickness 337 Baseline tool 502 fill pattern 334 interpolating 447 gap between 336 line color 332 overlap 337 line connection type 331 stacking 337 line style 332 connect line across axis break 278, 398 line width 332 connect line across missing value 320, 398 linear regression 510, 512 contour lines in front of symbols 330 color map levels 344, 346 list of layer contents 153 contour labels 348, 349, 356 magnifying 435 contour lines 347 making active 303, 363 Index 651

28 making worksheet active 321 custom bitmaps 322, 326, 603 moving a data point 321 drop lines 327 peak analysis 500, 502 edge thickness 325 pie gallery 322, 602 3D view 339 gap with line 330 customizing labels 338, 340 geometric 323, 326 displacement 339 grouped 324 removing box around 338 size 325 rotation 339 translating 446 slice thickness 339 vector polynomial regression 511, 516 arrowheads 342 primary data set 153 color as magnitude 341 range for analysis 432 vector width 342 range for fitting 509 Data plot style holder 622 reading data point 433 Data point bisection search 435, 613 customizing 308 reordering in layer 166 deleting 321 rescaling to show all 320 displaying in legend 361 RGB color 311 maximum points segment line connection type 331 layer redraw speed 245, 247 selecting an analysis range 432 moving 321 selecting automatic color 309 reading 433 selecting to customize 303 bisection search 435, 613 setting as active 153 Data Reader tool 433 setting display range 319 bisection search 435, 613 show active data plot in legend 400 Data Selector tool 432, 509 smoothing Data set See also Data, Columns (worksheets) adjacent averaging 495 assigning incremental X values 47 FFT filter 495 calculations on using LabTalk 440 Savitzky-Golay 494 changing data speed mode running script 68 fast redraw 245, 247 copying data 44 spline line connection type 331 date 60, 65 statistics 449 day of week 60 box chart 452 definition 153 histogram 457 deleting 166 histogram with probabilities 457 deleting data 48 QC chart 455 deleting data point 321 step line connection type 332 determing if two data sets are different 527 straight line connection type 331 displaying as tick labels 295 style holders 622 displaying default X values 58 subtract reference data 446 editing a cell value 43 subtract straight line 446 exporting data 48 symbols extracting data 69 3D projections 329 filling with a function 45, 46 alphanumeric 323, 326 matrix 106 box around 324, 326 filling with normal random numbers 45 Index 652

29 filling with row numbers 45 worksheet column display 62, 65 filling with uniform random numbers 45 Year 2000 compliance 65 importing data 44 Date format running script 68 tick label 295 inserting data 47 Date/Time stamp math operations 439 adding to graphs 178 missing values 48 Day of week month 60 tick label 295 moving data point 321 worksheet column data type 60, 65 naming convention 153 worksheet column display 63, 65 numeric 60 dbase file plotting adjacent 56 importing 129 plotting as labels 355, 356 DC component ANSI character set 365, 372 fast Fourier transform 488 plotting nonadjacent 56 DDE plotting when no X data 57 pasting data into worksheet 140 primary 153 Decimal selecting adjacent 50 numeric format selecting all in worksheet 49 matrix display 104 selecting for color indexing 311 worksheet column display 61 selecting for color mapping 311, 344, 346 Decimal digits color scale 364 numeric format selecting for RGB colors 311 matrix display 105 selecting for symbol interior 315 worksheet column display 64, 596 selecting for symbol shape 315, 316 Decimal places selecting for symbol size 315 contour labels 349 selecting for vector angle 315 numeric format selecting for vector magnitude 315 matrix display 105 selecting nonadjacent 50 worksheet column display 62, 64 setting data type 60 tick labels 296 setting default X values 58 Deconvolution setting plotting designations 55, 59 fast Fourier transform 493 setting the display range stacking data sets in a graph 337 Definition text 60 data list 153 text and numeric 60 data plot 152 time 60 Excel workbook data set 153 typing data 42 graph frame 152 Data smoothing graph layer 150 fast Fourier transform graph page 150 effect of data set size 495 layout page window 154 Date matrix 103, digit year 65 primary data set digit year 65 worksheet data set 153 creating a custom format 63, 609 Deleting Windows regional settings 62 columns in worksheet 40 worksheet column data type 60, 65 data in worksheet 48 Index 653

30 data plots or data sets 166 Initializations 579 data point 321 Parameter Constraints 575 layer 258 Replicas 584 rows in worksheet 41 Select Dataset 536, 563 windows Select Function 535, 545 prompt 615 Simulate Curves 577 worksheet windows 71 Object Properties 378 Derivatives Open Excel 75 computing Options nonlinear least squares fitter 573 Axis tab 599 Development environment Excel tab 616 Code Builder 25 File Locations tab 597 Dialog box Graph tab 601 ASCII Export Into 141 Miscellaneous tab 609 ASCII Import Options for Worksheet 123 Numeric Format tab 596 Associate Excel Worksheet 79 Open/Close tab 615 Axis Page tab 606 Break tab 291 Text Fonts tab 604 Custom Tick Labels tab 299 Plot Details Grid Lines tab 289 (3D) Bars tab 353 Minor Tick Labels tab 297 Axis tab 248 Scale tab 283 Background tab 242 Tick Labels tab 293 Box tab 453 Title & Format tab 287 Color Map tab 344 Color Palette 618 Contour Labels dialog box 348 Color Scale Control 364 Contour Lines dialog box 347 Data Display Format 432 Contours tab 344 Data Import Options for Worksheet 125 Display tab 246, 398 Error Bars 174 Drop Lines tab 327 Extract Worksheet Data 69 Edit Control tab 328 File Name 101 Error Bar tab 354 Find 22 Faces tab 334 Import ASCII 122 Fill dialog box 346 Import Multiple ASCII 118, 128 Function tab 171 Import Verification 127 Group tab 307 Label Control 382 Label tab 356 Layer n 164 Labels tab 340 Math on/between Dataset 439 Legends tab 399 Matrix Dimensions 105 Line dialog box 347 Matrix Display Control 51 Line tab 329 NLSF Link Axes Scales tab 261 After Fitting 582 Miscellaneous tab 252, 392 Control Parameters 572 Numeric Formats tab Pattern tab , 561 Percentile tab 455 Fitting Session 537, 566 Pie Geometry tab 339 Generate Results 569 Planes tab 250 Index 654