1 Drawing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrator

Transcription

1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor This Tutoril will show you how to drw simple objects with three-dimensionl ppernce. At first we will drw rrows indicting movement in 3D spce. Adobe Illustrtor 7.0 ws used to crete the following grphics, but ll procedures re vlid for newer versions (up to CS2), too. In the first section you ll find some bsic informtion bout isometric views ( specil kind of drwing, which is lmost stndrd for technicl illustrtion) The second section describes the steps necessry to crete the corresponding drwings using Adobe Illustrtor. And now... hve fun nd crete gret grphics :-) Bernd Meissner e-mil: info@meissner-dokutem.de P.S.: English is not my ntive lnguge, so ny corrections re welcome Bernd Meissner 1

2 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1.1 Bsics of Isometric Projection +90 Z Y 90 X Bernd Meissner

3 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1 Isometric projections re two-dimensionl drwing of three-dimensionl objects, creted by prllel projection. Objects look like hving volume, without ctully hving one. The min chrcteristics of n isometric projection re: there is no vnishing point lines tht re prllel in relity will be prllel in the drwing sme lenghts in relity will be drwn t the sme length, without ny shortening cused by perspective view. An isometric drwing is creted long the xes representing the 3D spce: Red xes mrk the 2D spce (like sheet of pper), s found in typicl drwing pplictions (e.g. Adobe Illustrtor, FreeHnd). You ll find n xis nmed x nd n xis nmed y, drwn t their respective ngles. Blue xes mrk the three dimensions (x, y, z) of 3D spce. The ngle between x/z, y/z nd y/x is equivlent to 90 (in 3D spce) nd is drwn t 120 in 2D spce (red) Bernd Meissner 3

4 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor Prcticlly this results in two simple rules for drwing: Dimension (x, y) of the qudrtic shpe (red) cn be directly used on the isometric xes x, y (blue) When the bsic shpe of the object (here: cube) is drwn, the correspondig fces cn simply be creted by double 120 rottion of the shpe Bernd Meissner

5 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor Isometric Projections using Illustrtor Isometric objects cn be creted out of 2D shpes using the Distortion Tool. Since this tool produces nonproportionl distortions (resulting edges hve different lengths), this error must be corrected by pplying known scling fctor before distorting the shpe. Flt Arrows The following instructions pply to flt objects, tht will be positioned on one of the three plnes (x/y, y/z, y/x). Crete the bsic shpe in top view Select the object nd open the Scle Tool options. Enter non-proportionl scling using fctor of 86,602% horizontlly nd 100% verticlly Bernd Meissner 5

6 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor Now select the Distortion Tool. Enter distortion ngle of 30 long the verticl xis. This setting mens, tht verticl lines re just moved verticlly, while horizontl lines re tilt by 30. Without the preceding scling, the horizontl lines would get longer thn the verticl lines t this moment. Finlly you hve creted n rrow, which is correctly displyed s n isometric object, positioned in the x/z plne. This rrow fits to ny other object, which is drwn s n isometric body Bernd Meissner

7 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1 The esiest wy to crete n rrow within the y/z plne is mirroring copy long the verticl xis. If you rotte copies of these two rrows round 120, you ll get whole librry of isometric rrows t vrious positions nd directions. Missing rrows cn now be creted by further mirroring long the horizontl xis Bernd Meissner 7

8 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 3D Arrows Using the rrows s creted before you cn simply build rrows moving through 3D spce. The following exmple demonstrtes the rottion of cylindricl object. Drw circle with rdius, tht s significntly lrger thn the cylindricl object s rdius. Plce the center of the circle onto the center of the upper cylinder fce. Now crete n isometric ellipse from the circle s described before (scle, distort, rotte). Copy n rrow (upright stnding) from your newly creted librry nd shorten its shft by moving the endpoints upwrds. Now rotte/mirror the resulting rrowhed s shown on the left Bernd Meissner

9 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1 Plce the rrowhed onto the ellipse (shown in red). Try to mtch the directions of rrow nd ellipse by choosing the pproprite position on the ellipse. Cut the ellipse s desired nd delete the unecessry prts. Now plce the corner point of the rrowhed exctly onto the ellipse s end point (blue). Cut the remining prt of the ellipse gin t the outmost (here: rightmost) point of the curve Bernd Meissner 9

10 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor Select both segments (shown in different colors for better distinction) nd move copy to the lower corner point of the rrowhed, s shown on the left. Select both end points of the blue segments nd Join them using the corresponding commnd. Close the other end of the new object s well. Assign ny fill color to the new object. Now cut the rrow t the mrked points nd delete the segment between them (the rrow is no longer closed shpe). Join the end points of the rrow nd the corresponding end points of the (red) ellipse prts. Assign contour nd fill color to the front prt of the rrow. If necessry, move the prts of the rrow to the front or bck Bernd Meissner

11 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor 1 As lredy done before, you my mirror (horizontlly) nd rotte (2 x 120 ) the rrow in order to use it on different xes of the isometric 3d spce Bernd Meissner 11

12 1 Drwing 3D Objects in Adobe Illustrtor Bernd Meissner