HEC-22 Inlets in INFOSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM v12

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1 HEC-22 Inlets in INFOSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM v12

2 Table of Contents How the Inlet and Overland Junctions are Defined 3 Why Would You Use the HEC-22 Inlets Option? 4 Types of Inlets 5 Nodes in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM 6 Major and Minor System 7 Continuous Grate 8 Continuous Grate Parameters 9 Continuous Curb-Opening 10 Continuous Curb-Opening Parameters 11 Sag Grate 12 Sag Grate 13 Sag Grate 14 Sag Curb-Opening 15 Sag Curb-Opening Parameters 16 Flow Equations for a Sag Curb Opening Inlet 17 Sag Combination 18 Sag Combination Inlet Parameters 19 Sag Combination is a Combination of the Weir and Orifice Equation 20 New Report and Graph Option for HEC-22 Inlets 21 Efficiency of a Continuous Grate Inlet 22 Efficiency (E) of Inlets 23 Front Flow Interception, Rf 24 Side Flow Interception, Rs 25 Ratio of frontal flow to total gutter flow, Eo26 Engineering Technical Services Page -2

3 How the Inlet and Overland Junctions are Defined The Inlet is Defined at the Inlet Node and the Inlet Flow comes from the Overland Junction. Flow travels down the open channel streets to the Inlet and then the HEC-22 Inlet Equations are used to estimate the Captured Flow and Bypass Flow Engineering Technical Services Page -3

4 Why Would You Use the HEC-22 Inlets Option? What can happen at a node in InfoSWMM when It floods: 1. Excess Flow is lost out the top of the Manhole 2. Excess Flow is ponded at the top of the Manhole in an artificial storage 3. Excess Flow is Surcharged at the top of the Manhole if the links are Force Mains 4. Excess Flow leaves the node in a SWMM 5 Outlet which connects the Major and Minor Networks 5. Excess Flow leaves the node to a 1D Overland Network via a HEC-22 Inlet 6. Excess Flow leaves the node to a 2D Mesh Engineering Technical Services Page -4

5 Types of Inlets Continuous Grate Sag Combination HEC- 22 Inlets Continuous Curb- Opening Sag Continuous Curb- Opening Sag Continuous Grate Engineering Technical Services Page -5

6 Nodes in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP at Surcharged Depth + Rim Elevation Pressure Node or Flooded Node Above Rim Elevation, Node Floods, Connects to Inlet or Connects to 2D Mesh Surcharged Node above Crown of Pipe Unsurcharged Node above Invert Elevation Engineering Technical Services Page -6

7 Major and Minor System Engineering Technical Services Page -7

8 Engineering Technical Services Page -8 Continuous Grate

9 Continuous Grate Parameters Cross slope (S x ) or the road cross slope Width of grate (W) in feet or meters Length of grate (L) in feet or meters Velocity where splash-over first occurs (V 0 ) in feet/second or meters/second Engineering Technical Services Page -9

10 Continuous Curb-Opening Engineering Technical Services Page -10

11 Continuous Curb-Opening Parameters Cross slope (S x ) or road cross slope, Length of curb opening (L) in feet or meters, Height of curb opening (h) in feet or meters, Gutter depression (a) in feet or meters Lateral width of gutter depression (W d ) in feet or meters Engineering Technical Services Page -11

12 Engineering Technical Services Page -12 Sag Grate

13 Sag Grate Cross slope (S x ) or the road cross slope Width of grate (W) in feet or meters, Length of grate (L) in feet or meters, Clear opening area of grate (A g ) Depth up to which gate behaves as weir or the Threshold Depth in feet or meters, Engineering Technical Services Page -13

14 Sag Grate The flow is calculated as weir flow up until the Threshold depth and then an Orifice equation is used. Orifice Flow Q C A [2 g( d 0.5 WS )] i o g x 0.5 Weir Flow Until Threshold Depth Q C P( d 0.5 WS ) i w x 1.5 Engineering Technical Services Page -14

15 Engineering Technical Services Page -15 Sag Curb-Opening

16 Sag Curb-Opening Parameters Length of curb opening (L) in feet or meters, Lateral width of gutter depression (W d ) in feet or meters, Height of curb opening (h) in feet or meters, Depth up to which gate behaves as weir as the Threshold depth in feet or meters 8/11/2012 Engineering Technical Services Page -16

17 Flow Equations for a Sag Curb Opening Inlet The flow is calculated as weir flow up until the Threshold depth depending on whether the inlet is depressed or undepressed and then an Orifice equation is used. Orifice Flow Q C hl[2 g( d 0.5 h] i o 0.5 Weir Flow Until Threshold Depth for Depressed Inlet Q C ( L 1.8 W ) d i w d 1.5 Weir Flow Until Threshold Depth for Undepressed Inlet Q i C Ld w 1.5 Engineering Technical Services Page -17

18 Engineering Technical Services Page -18 Sag Combination

19 Sag Combination Inlet Parameters Cross slope (S x ) or road cross slope Width of grate (W) in feet or meters, Length of grate (L) in feet or meters, Clear opening area of grate(a g ) Height of curb opening (h) in feet or meters, Length of curb opening (l) in feet or meters, Depth up to which gate behaves as weir or Threshold Depth in feet or meters. Engineering Technical Services Page -19

20 Sag Combination is a Combination of the Weir and Orifice Equation The flow is calculated as weir flow up until the Threshold depth and then an Orifice equation is used. Orifice Flow Qorifice C A [2 g( d] C hl(2 gd ) o g o o Weir Flow Until Threshold Depth Qweir C P( d 0.5 WS ) w x 1.5 Engineering Technical Services Page -20

21 New Report and Graph Option for The Inlet Flow to the node along with the Total and Lateral Inflow can be plotted in Output Report Manager. HEC-22 Inlets Engineering Technical Services Page -21

22 Efficiency of a Continuous Grate Inlet Captured Flow Gutter Flow Street Flow Bypassed Flow Gutter Flow Street Flow Gutter Flow Street Flow Engineering Technical Services Page -22

23 Efficiency (E) of Inlets E R E R (1 E ) f 0 s 0 R f = ratio of frontal flow intercepted to total frontal flow R s = ratio of side flow intercepted to total side flow E 0 = ratio of frontal flow to total gutter flow Engineering Technical Services Page -23

24 Front Flow Interception, Rf R 1 K ( V V ) f u 0 K u = (0.09 English units) V = velocity of flow in gutter, m/s (ft/s) (V is either DS velocity or US velocity in the overland link V 0 = gutter velocity where splash-over first occurs (m/s) Engineering Technical Services Page -24

25 Side Flow Interception, Rs R s 1.8 KV u 1/ (1 ) 2.3 SL K u = (0.15 English units) V = velocity of flow in gutter, m/s (ft/s) S x = road cross slope, m/m (ft/ft) L = length of the grate, m (ft) x Engineering Technical Services Page -25

26 Ratio of frontal flow to total gutter flow, Eo E W T 2.67 W = width of the grate, m (ft) T = total spread of water and is calculated from: d = T*Sx d = Upstream node head - min(ground level, upstream node invert), m (ft) S x = road cross slope, m/m (ft/ft) Engineering Technical Services Page -26

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