Physics 11 - Waves Extra Practice Questions

Transcription

1 Physics - Waves xtra Practice Questions. Wave motion in a medium transfers ) energy, only ) mass, only. both mass and energy. neither mass nor energy. single vibratory disturbance that moves from point to point in a material medium is known as a ) phase ) pulse ) distortion ) wavelet. transverse wave moves to the right through a medium. Which diagram best represents the motion of the molecules of the medium due to the wave motion? () () () (4) 4. In which type of wave is the disturbance parallel to the direction of wave travel? ) torsional ) longitudinal ) transverse ) circular 5. Longitudinal waves are involved in the transmission of ) light ) radar ) sound ) photons 6. If the frequency of a sound wave in air remains constant, its energy can be varied by changing its ) amplitude ) speed ) wavelength ) period 7. The amplitude of the wave shown below is represented by the distance between points ) and ) and ) and ) and 8. In the diagram below, a wave of.-meter amplitude is moving from left to right in an elastic cord. The displacement of point after the wave has passed point will be ). m up ). m down ).5 m up or down ). m 9. In the diagram below, a train of waves is moving along a string. What is the wavelength? ) m ) m ) m ) 4 m v 6 m Use the follow diagram for questions -. The diagram represents a segment of a periodic wave travelling to the right in a steel spring.4 m.5 m WLL X G H Y I J. What is the amplitude of the wave? ).5m ). m ). m ).4 m. What is the wavelength of the wave? ).m ). m ).5 m ).4 m. If a wave crest passes line XY every.4 second, the frequency of the wave is ). Hz ).5 Hz ) 5. Hz ).4 Hz. The reciprocal of the frequency of a periodic wave is the wave s ) period ) amplitude ) propagation ) velocity 4. s the frequency of the wave generated by a radio transmitter is increased, the wavelength ) decreases ) increases ) remains the same 5. If the period of a wave is doubled, its wavelength will be ) halved ) doubled ) unchanged ) quartered 6. s the frequency of a wave increases, the period of that wave ) decreases ) increases ) remains the same

2 7. Periodic waves are produced by a wave generator at the rate of one wave every.5 second. The period of the wave is ). s ). s ).5 s ).5 s ase your answers to questions 8 and 9 on the following information. The frequency of a wave is. cycles per second, and its speed is.4 m/s. 8. The period of the wave is ).5 s ). s ).5 s ). s 9. The wavelength of the wave is ). m ). m ).8 m ) 4. m. If the frequency of a sound wave is 44. cycles per second its period is closest to ).7 x - s ).75 s ). s ). x s. wave traveling at 5. x 4 meters per second has a wavelength of.5 x meters. What is the frequency of the wave? ).5 x 6 Hz ). x Hz ) 5. x -4 Hz ) 5. x Hz. s a wave enters a medium, there may be a change in the wave s ) frequency ) speed ) period ) phase. s light passes from air into glass, its speed ) decreases ) increases ) remains the same 4. Periodic waves with a wavelength of.5 m move with a speed of. m/s. When the waves enter a dispersive medium, they travel at.5 meter per second. What is the wavelength of the waves in the dispersive medium? ). m ).8 m ).5 m ).5 m 5. Which will generally occur when a pulse reaches a boundary between two different media? ) The entire pulse will be reflected ) The entire pulse will be absorbed ) The entire pulse will be transmitted ) Part of the pulse will be Thinking and nalyzing. What is the medium of a wave?. How do transverse waves differ from longitudinal waves?. What does it mean to say that a wave has a frequency of Hz? 4. What determines the frequency of a wave? 5. What is the period of a wave that has a frequency of 5 Hz? 6. If the time necessary for one cycle of a wave to pass a given point is /5 second, what is the frequency of the wave? 7. What is the wavelength of the wave shown in the diagram? m m m 8. Which of the following factors are affected by the nature of the medium frequency, period, wavelength, and speed, amplitude? xplain. 4. If 4 cycles pass a given point in one second and each cycle is meters long, what is the speed of the wave? 4. The speed of a wave is m/s. What is the wavelength of the wave if its frequency is khz? 4. What is the amplitude of the wave shown in the diagram? cm cm cm cm 46. Which point on the wave shown in the diagram is 8 out of phase with point P? ) ) ) ) 4

3 P Which two points on the wave diagram are in phase? ) and ) and ) and ) and ase your answers to questions 48 through 5 on the following diagram, which represents a transverse wave. I H G 48. Which two points are in phase? ) and ) and ) and ) and 49. The amplitude of the wave is the distance between points ) and ) and ) and H ) I and 5. How many cycles are shown in the diagram? ) ) ) ).5 5. wavelength is the distance between points ) and ) and ) and H ) I and 5. If the period of the wave is seconds, its frequency is ).5 cycle/sec ).5 cycles/sec ). cycles/sec ).5 cycles/sec ase your answers to questions 54 through 58 on the following diagram which represents a vibrating string with a periodic wave originating at and moving to G, a distance of 6. meters. G 6. m What What type type of wave of wave is represented is represented by the by diagram? the dia- ) elliptical ) longitudinal ) torsional ) transverse 55. What is the wavelength of this wave? ). m ). m ). m ) 6. m 56. Which phenomenon would occur if the waves were reflected at G and returned back to through the oncoming waves? ) diffraction ) dispersion ) standing waves ) oppler effect 57. s the wave moves toward G, point on the string will move ) to the left and then to the right ) vertically down and then vertically up ) diagonally down and then diagonally up ) diagonally up and then diagonally down 58. If the waves were produced at a faster rate, the distance between points and would ) decrease ) increase ) remain the same 59. Which pair of moving pulses in a rope will produce destructive interference? () () () (4) 6. Which pair of waves will produce a resultant wave with the smallest amplitude?

4 () () () (4) 6. The diagram at the right shows a rope with two waves moving along it in the directions shown. What will be the resultant wave pattern at the instant when the maximum displacement of both pulses is at point O on the rope? () () () (4) 6. The diagram at the right shows two pulses traveling in opposite directions through a transmitting medium. Which diagram best represents the resulting pulse when the pulses combine at point P? P () () () (4) 6. The following diagrams show four waves that pass simultaneously through a region. Which two waves will produce maximum constructive interference if they are combined? ) and ) and ) and ) and 64. Standing waves may be produced in the same medium if ) the wavelength of one wave is half that of the other ) two waves travel in the same direction ) two waves travel in opposite directions and then back toward each other ) the frequency of one wave is three times that of the other Thinking and nalyzing 66. escribe the principle of superposition in your own words. 69. What conditions lead to the production of standing waves? QUSTIONS 78. ll electromagnetic waves have the same speed in ) water ) flint glass ) alcohol ) a vacuum 79. ompared with the speed of light in a material medium, the speed of light in a vacuum is ) less ) greater ) the same 8. Which is not in the electromagnetic spectrum? ) light waves ) radio waves ) sound waves ) X-rays 8. In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves have the same ) frequency ) wavelength ) speed ) energy 84. Which diagram best illustrates the diffraction of waves? () () () (4) 86. Which wave phenomenon is represented by the diagram? ) oppler effect ) dispersion ) diffraction ) refraction

5 87. wave spreads into the region behind a barrier. This phenomenon is called ) diffraction ) reflection ) refraction ) interference Thinking and nalyzing 9. How far will light travel in a vacuum in. s? 9. microwave has a wavelength of. m. What is the frequency of the wave? QUSTIONS 95. Which phenomenon of light is illustrated by the diagram below? ) regular reflection ) diffuse reflection ) diffraction ) refraction 96. Which of the diagrams representing light rays reflecting from a surface illustrates diffuse reflection? () () () (4) 97. The change in the direction of a wave when it passes obliquely from one medium to another is called ) diffraction ) interference ) refraction ) superposition 98. When a light ray passes from medium to medium, its speed decreases. Which arrow best represents the path of the ray in medium? ) ) ) ) 4 Normal Medium Medium 4. The diagram at the right represents a wave traveling from medium to medium. The relative index of refraction may be determined by calculating the ratio of sin () () sin sin () (4) sin n n Normal Medium Medium ase your answers to questions through on the following diagram, which represents a ray of monochromatic light incident upon the surface of plate X. The values of n in the diagram represent absolute indices of refraction. n. Normal ir n.4 Plate X n.7 Plate Y n. ir. The speed of the light ray in plate X is approximately ).8 x 8 m/s ). x 8 m/s ).5 x 8 m/sec ).9 x 8 m/s. ompared with angle θ, the angle of refraction of the light ray in plate X is ) smaller ) greater ) the same. ompared with angle θ, the angle of refraction of the ray emerging from plate Y into the air will be ) smaller ) greater ) the same 4. Which wave phenomenon could not be demonstrated with a single wave pulse? ) a standing wave ) diffraction ) reflection ) refraction 5. In the following diagram, ray is incident on surface XY at point. If medium has a lower index of refraction than medium, through which point will the ray most likely pass? ) ) ) )

6 X Medium Medium Y 6. or a given angle of incidence, the greatest change in the direction of a light ray will be produced when the light ray passes obliquely from air into ) Lucite ) glycerol ) alcohol ) flint glass 7. When a wave enters a medium of higher refractive index, its velocity ) decreases ) increases ) remains the same 5. If the speed of light in a medium is. x 8 meters per second, the index of refraction for the medium is ). ). ).5 ).67 ase your answers to questions through 5 on the following diagram. The diagram shows two light rays originating from source S in medium y. The dashed line represents a normal to each surface. xy yz S 4 Medium x Medium y xy yz Normal. Which light ray would not be produced in this situation? ) ) ) ). reflected light ray is ray ) ) ) ) Medium z. Which two angles must be equal? ) and ) and ) and 4 ) and 4 4. ompared with the speed of light in medium x, the speed of light in medium z is ) less ) greater ) the same 5. Which phrase best describes the phenomenon illustrated by the following diagram? ) scattering and diffraction ) reflection and interference ) transmission and oppler effect ) refraction and dispersion White light Glass prism Red Orange Yellow Green lue Violet Thinking and nalyzing 5. Under what conditions will a ray of light pass straight through the boundary between two media? 6. raw the path of a ray of light striking an air-glass boundary at an angle of 4 degrees from the surface of the glass. Then draw the reflected ray and the transmitted ray in the appropriate direction. 7. etermine the index of refraction of medium () in the diagram below if medium () is air. () IR () ase your answers to questions 5 through 55 on the following diagram which represents an object placed. m from a converging lens with a focal length of.5 m. Object. m.5 m 5. Which phenomenon best describes the image formation by the lens? ) diffraction ) dispersion ) polarization ) refraction 5. The image produced by the lens is

7 ) enlarged and real ) enlarged and erect ) diminished and virtual ) diminished and inverted 5. If the object distance were increased, the image would become ) larger and erect ) smaller and virtual ) smaller, only ) larger, only 54. If the object were placed. meter from the lens, the image would be ) enlarged and inverted ) real and inverted ) reduced and real ) virtual and erect ase your answers to questions 57 through 6 on the following diagram, which represents an object that is. m high. The object is located.5 m from a converging lens with a focal length of. m..5 m ' '. m 57. How far from the lens is the image? ). m ). m ).5 m ). m 58. The image would be described as ) real and inverted ) real and erect ) virtual and inverted ) virtual and erect 59. The smallest image of the object would be produced by the lens when the object is located at ).5 ) ) ) 4 6. If the object were moved toward the lens from the position shown in the diagram, the distance from the lens to the image would ) decrease ) increase ) remain the same 6. If the object were moved toward the lens from the position shown in the diagram, the size of the image would ) decrease ) increase ) remain the same ase your answers to questions 6 through 66 on the following information and diagram. The diagram represents a converging lens made of Lucite, which is used to focus the parallel monochromatic yellow light rays shown. and are the.5 m 66. The Lucite lens is replaced by a flint glass principal foci. lens of identical shape. ompared with the focal RY length of the Lucite lens, the focal length of the flint glass lens will be () smaller () larger ' ' ' () the same RY 67. The diagram at the right represents light rays Principal 6. The rays will pass. through m point ) ) ) ) approaching a diverging axis lens parallel to the principal axis. would Which be of the fol If an How object far is from placed the between lens is the and image? the lens, () the. image formed m () ). real m and smaller ().5 m ) real (4) and. larger m ) virtual and lowing smaller diagrams ) virtual and best larger Principal represents the light rays axis 58. The image would be described as () real 64. If an object that is placed.4 m to the left of the lens will after produce they a real have image at passed and inverted () real and erect () virtual and a distance of.8 m to the right of the lens, the focal length of the lens is approximately through the diverging lens? inverted (4) virtual and erect ).5 m ).7 m ).4 m ).8 m 59. The smallest image of the object would be produced by the lens when the object is located at 67. () The.5 diagram () at the () right represents (4) 4 light ray s approaching a diverging lens parallel to the principal axis. Which of the following diagrams best represents the light rays after they have passed Principal 6. If the object were moved toward the lens () () () (4) through diverging lens? axis from the position shown in the diagram, the distance from the lens to the image would () decrease () increase () remain the same diverging lens as shown in the dia- 68. light ray is incident upon a LIGHT RY 6. If the object were moved toward the lens gram at the right. Which of the following diagrams best represents from () the position () shown in () the diagram, (4) the size of the image would () decrease () increase the path of the ray after it enters LIGHT RY 68. light ray is incident upon a diverging lens as shown in diagram at the right. Which of the () remain the same the lens? following diagrams best represents the path of the ray after it enters the lens? ase your answers to questions 6 through 66 on the following information and diagram. The diagram represents a converging lens made of Lucite, which is used to focus the parallel () () () (4) monochromatic yellow light rays shown. and () () () (4) are the principal foci. 69. Which of the following optical devices should be placed in 69. the box Which indicated of the by following the dotted RY lines in the diagram at the right to cause the parallel light optical rays to diverge? devices should be placed in the box indicated ' by the dotted lines in the diagram at the right to cause RY the parallel light rays to diverge? () () () (4) 6. The rays will pass through point () 7. () In the () following (4) diagram of a concave mirror, which point represents the center of curvature? ) ) ) ) 6. If an object is placed between and the lens, the image formed would be () real and

8 * ' ' 7. The following diagram represents a spherical mirror with three parallel light rays approaching. Which light ray will be reflected normal to the surface of the mirror? ), only ), only ), only ) all of the rays 7. Which of the following are diverging instruments? ) concave lenses and concave mirrors ) concave lenses and convex mirrors ) convex mirrors and convex lenses ) convex lenses and concave mirrors 7. The image created by a concave lens ) can appear on either side of the lens ) is always on the same side of the lens as the object ) is always on the opposite side of the lens as the object ase your answers to questions 74 through 77 on the following information. cm tall arrow is situated cm from a concave lens whose focal length is 6 cm. 74. The image distance is closest to ) 6 cm ) 8 cm ) 4 cm ) cm 75. The image length is closest to ) cm ). cm ).5 cm ). cm 76. The image is ) real and inverted ) virtual and upright ) real and upright ) virtual and inverted 77. If the object is moved closer to the lens, the image ) moves away from the lens ) remains in place ) moves closer to the lens ase your answers to questions 78 through 8 on the following information. cm tall arrow is situated in front of a concave mirror at the center of curvature of the mirror. 78. The image distance will be ) equal to the focal length ) equal to the object distance ) twice the object distance ) equal to one half the focal length 79. The height of the image will be closest to ) cm ) 5 cm ) cm ) 5cm 8. The image will be ) real and upright ) virtual and upright ) virtual and inverted ) real and inverted 8. If the arrow is moved farther away from the mirror, the image ) moves away from the mirror ) remains in place ) moves closer to the mirror ) disappears 8. source of light is placed at the focal point in front of a concave mirror. The reflected rays ) are parallel to one another ) meet at the center of curvature ) diverge ) meet at the focal point 8. n object is placed closer to a concave mirror than is the focal point. The image ) appears on the same side of the mirror as the object ) appears on the opposite side of the mirror as the object ) does not appear anywhere Thinking and nalyzing 84. Why is the focal length different for converging lenses of different shape and composition? 85. Under what circumstances does a converging lens produce a real image? virtual image? 86. n 8 cm tall object is situated cm from a convex lens whose focal length is 4 cm. How far from the lens does an image of the object appear? How tall is the image? 87. escribe the image formed by a diverging lens. 88. Trace the diagram below onto a sheet of paper. The diagram illustrates three rays reflected off a concave mirror. or each reflected ray, sketch the corresponding incident ray in the correct position and orientation.

9 xis 89. Trace the diagram below onto a sheet of paper. The diagram illustrates three rays reflected off a convex mirror. or each reflected ray, sketch the corresponding incident ray in the correct position and orientation. xis ' 9.. cm tall candle flame is situated. cm from a concave mirror. The focal length of the mirror is 4. cm. onstruct a ray diagram to ascertain the location, orientation, and size of the image of the flame. 9.. cm tall object is situated. cm from a convex mirror. The virtual focal point of the mirror is located 5. cm from the mirror. onstruct a ray diagram to ascertain the location, orientation, and size of the image of the object. 9. How does chromatic aberration and spherical aberration affect mirrors and lenses? How can these defects be corrected?