Using ArcGIS Server Data to Assist in Planimetric Update Process. Jim Stout - IMAGIS Rick Hammond Woolpert

Transcription

1 Using ArcGIS Server Data to Assist in Planimetric Update Process Jim Stout - IMAGIS Rick Hammond Woolpert

2 Using ArcGIS Server Data to Assist in Planimetric Update Process Jim Stout - IMAGIS Rick Hammond Woolpert

3 Using ArcGIS Data to Assist in Planimetric Update Process Jim Stout - IMAGIS Rick Hammond Woolpert

4 Proper Use of Search and Replace in MS Word Jim Stout - IMAGIS Rick Hammond Woolpert

5 TAGG Tidemark Automated Geography Generator. Tidemark / Accela Permitting System 1) All Permits 2) Building Permits

6 Beginnings Desire to see new structure locations quicker. 2 year planimetric update cycle. So why not?...

7 So why not?... Include all permits, not just buildings. Ok, well citizen requests are just locations too. And even more folks would like to easily see them. Indy s annual wish list..

8 Self-maintaining Data.

9 So how it accomplished? Server is actually used in the workflow Master Address Database (MAD)

10 Options Considered Oracle PL/Sql Procedures ArcGIS Web Service ArcSDE Java API

11 SDE Java API What is it? Java programming interface Process and analyze SDE data

12 Why SDE Java API Database Solution Geometry Creation Follows SDE and geodatabase rules

13 Why SDE Java API Database Solution Automated, hidden application Needed to run within Oracle System architecture two servers Java Stored Procedures

14 Java Stored Procedures What are they? Java classes Stored within Oracle Operated via Oracle s Java Virtual Machine

15 Why Java Stored Procedures Oracle Integration Class files stored in database schema Efficient integration with PL/SQL Oracle developed with Java in mind System Architecture Database solution: Two-server architecture Stability Secure

16 TAGG Solution Workflow Saved Permit Case

17 TAGG Solution Workflow cont AFTER_INSERT TRIGGER

18 TAGG Solution Workflow cont SDE Server Master Address

19 All Permits

20 New Development

21 New Construction

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23 Planimetrics (in-house?) March 14, 2007

24 Jim Stout IMAGIS Program Manager Matt McCormack IMAGIS Technical Manager

25 Agenda Orthophotography and how it applies to Planimetrics Know your Photos Planimetrics definition and discussion Examples Questions?

26 What is Orthophotography? A series of digital aerial photographs that have been corrected to remove distortions and adjusted to fit the ground or terrain surface. Traditionally produced from scanned film, more recently acquired digitally, usually a mosaic or stitched together.

27 All imagery has spatial error due to the distorting nature of photography. Cameras Distort Images

28 Film Storage Room

29 Film Scanners

30 Frame Cameras take Square Footprint GPS Inertial Measurement Unit IMU

31 ADS40

32 Why Orthophotography? Orthophotography has the geometric characteristics of a map and the image qualities of a photograph. These qualities allow for: on line viewing of imagery feature identification and data collection display of imagery with GIS data

33 Positional Accuracy The variation between: the coordinates for a feature on the photo. the actual location of that feature on the earth s surface.

34 Considerations? Resolution, Positional Accuracy, and type of imagery are key to the usefulness the orthophotography and ability to digitize features. Ground Sample Distance (Pixel Size, Resolving Power) Surface (DEM) used to rectify Color vs. Pancromatic (black and white)

35 Pixel Resolution

36 1-meter vs 6-inch pixels vs 1:25,000 centerlines

37 2005 Orthos Example of one orthophoto tile: 4,000 feet by 4,000 feet 1-foot pixel resolution.

38 2004 Orthophoto 2005 True Orthophoto Manual process: elevation points at top corners of tall buildings

39 Color vs. Black & White

40 Color vs. Black & White

41 Relief Distortion (Ground Distortion)

42 Building Lean (radial displacement)

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44 2002 Orthos with old DEM 2003 Orthos with new DEM

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47 What are Planimetrics? Lines, points, polygons, or symbols that represent features you can see (and digitize) from aerial photography. Typical planimetric features might include: Road pavement Bridges Buildings / Houses Parking Airport Runways Hydrology (lakes, rivers, streams, ditches) Sidewalks Utilities (poles, hydrants, manholes, inlets) Pools Drainage structures (levees, dams, headwalls)

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50 Why do I need Planimetrics? Basemap to reference other GIS data (parcels, addresses, centerlines, permits, etc.) Attributes and links to other data / systems that can t be easily accomplished with raster data. Faster display times than raster imagery smaller file sizes. Ability to display by features for differing mapping purposes (layer control). Analyses (area, length, buffer, etc.) Routing.

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53 Some areas are easier than others.

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56 Disaster Relief Centers

57 What Digitizing Methods Should I Use? 1) Stereo compilation in 3D from stereo pairs + generally more accurate, easier to interpret easier to interpret features in stereo, resulting 3D data, multiple views of each feature in overlapping photo, stereo imagery is typically of a better quality. - more expensive tools (HW/SW), more overhead (storage) for imagery, more training, more manhours, typically outsourced. 2) Automatic feature extraction + machine intensive (not manhour), fairly good results for small scale mapping and some applications - requires extensive editing, complicated programs, limited success, repeatability issues from year-to-year.

58 3) Heads-up digitizing "2D + less expensive HW/SW, less training, accuracy meets many requirements, achievable for organizations with limited funds, scalable (can add features as staff time and resources permit). - less accurate, limitations due to imagery distortions (radial displacement, relief displacement and radial displacement of above ground features), only one image source (you get what is there), resulting 2D data.

59 Stereoscope

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62 DEM makes photo swim from year to year as seen in road edge.

63 Photo swim is relevant to capture of impervious surfaces.

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66 All Permits

67 New Development

68 New Construction

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72 Further considerations for digitizing planimetric features Data Standards What feature do you want to collect and how should they be represented? Accuracy of digitizing, zoom factor, compensation for displacement Point density on curves, streamed data Snapping order Polygon vs. Polyline vs. Point Data model (attributes, layering, databases -- yearcodes) Order of Collection is important Typical Planimetrics Order of Collection Roads Buildings Parking Drainage Utilities

73 Drawing order: > road > building > parking > hydro > utilities Note building lean compensation

74 Digitizing Gone Wrong!!!, or what not to do when you collect your data!

75 Didn t compensate for Building Lean

76 Omitted Building

77 DEM causes photo warping at bridges and thus bad planimetrics.

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79 Considerations for digitizing planimetric features Need adequate Imagery or Orthophotography Specifications for photogrammetry and orthophotography are essential Imagery Specifications Accuracy (flight height, control, GPS, IMU) Resolution (smaller pixels = better resolution) DEM (current and adequate for rectification) Minimize displacement or building lean (side lap and addition flights in downtown ) Leaf off (Spring or fall flight so you can see features through vegetation) Minimize shadows (sun angle) Weather (need clear windless days) Committed Contractor Color vs. Pancromatic + more visual clues with color, easier to distinguish features (roof under trees, pavement vs. gravel, roof vs. parking), better for plotting, generally more pleasing to the eye. Color generally less sharp than Pancromatic, more bands more storage, higher cost Software selection Training and commitment of resources- Takes skilled trained persons with the time accomplish a successful project!

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82 Pool contractor with an odd sense of humor.

83 Baby elephant nursing

84 Giraffes feeding, elephant drinking, Emu s emuing