Smart Grids for Reliable Electricity Service in Italian Cities Michele de Nigris Chair

Transcription

1 12 July 2016 Smart Grids for Reliable Electricity Service in Italian Cities Michele de Nigris Chair

2 STRUCTURE OF THE ELECTRICITY SYSTEM Bulk power generation - unidirectional power flow passive system and users

3 THE DRIVERS FOR A CHANGE Market liberalisation: New business models Prosumers as an actor in the energy scene Reduction of CO 2 emissions Integration of renewables Energy efficiency

4 PARADIGM SHIFT Load Power [MW] 0:15 1:45 3:15 4:45 6:15 7:45 9:15 10:45 12:15 13:45 15:15 16:45 18:15 19:45 21:15 22:45 Generation follows load -> Load follows generation Time [hh:mm] Power demand (Elia area, September, 25, 2013)

5 FROM CONVENTIONAL GRIDS TO SMART GRIDS Current electricity grid Poor visibility Lack of situational awareness Lack of analytics Transition towards Smart Grid IEEE definition: an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything, from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances. A Smart Grid is the electricity delivery integrated with communications and information technology

6 THE SMART GRID INITIATOR: TELEGESTORE A.M.I 38 mln smart meters 450 mln/year remote readings 8 mln/year remote operations AUTOMATION Advanced Distribution Automation System 100% HV/MV substations remotely controlled 30% MV/LV substations remotely controlled + MV fault detectors Network Automation and RES Integration Workforce management WORKFORCE MGT. teams connected via GPRS + GPS localization Network cartography on board Mobile applications Dynamic work scheduling. ASSET MGT. Satellite mapping Database of network events Risk analysis for network investments FMEA for network maintenance. Asset Management RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

7 Low Voltage Line THE SMART GRID INITIATOR: TELEGESTORE Bi-directional Data Flow Back Office GSM/GPRS Concentrator Voltage quality PLC Interruption recordings >450 mln remote readings >10 mln remote operations 97% success rate Energy thefts detection Bidirectional power flow monitoring RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

8 TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL PERFORMANCES Source Enel Distribuzione

9 SMART CITIES: A DIFFERENT APPROACH PRESENT Source: IYU-T FG-SSC An Overview of Smart Sustainable Cities and the Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)

10 THE BIG PICTURE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT SECTORS IS MOSTLY INTERNAL ACTORS OF EACH SECTOR FOCUSED ON INTERNAL OPTIMISATION OVERALL APPROACH MAY NOT BE FELT AS OWN RESPONSIBILITY BY ANY OF THE ACTORS HOLISTIC APPROACH MUST INITIALLY BE MOTIVATED BY POLICY SECTORS FIND BUSINESS INTEREST AT A LATER STAGE COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURES STANDARDS REQUIREMENTS DATA MINING BIG DATA SMART METERING LOAD FORECAST - INTERDEPENDENCY DEPENDABILITY SECURITY CYBER SECURITY PRIVACY CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

11 THE ACTORS

12 7 ITALIANS OUT OF 10 LIVE IN CITIES 32% 33% 9% 15% 11% 1 3 MILLION POPULATION 0,1 1 MILLION POPULATION 50 K 100 K POPULATION 15 K 50 K POPULATION < 15 K POPULATION 3 CITIES 43 CITIES 100 CITIES 600 CITIES 7200 MUNIC.

13 ITALIAN MEDIUM SIZED CITIES HEALTHCARE SOCIAL SERVICES LEISURE TIME Italian medium size cities JOBS STANDARD OF LIVING ENVIRONMENT FINANCE Milano: 50th Rome 70th POPULATION

14 MEDIUM SIZED CITIES - CHALLENGES

15 SMART CITIES LAYERS 5. SERVICES APPLICATIONS BASED ON THE ELABORATION OF BIG DATA. APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 4. DELIVERY 3. SENSORS 2. INFRASTRUCTURES SERVICE DELIVERY PLATFORM ELABORATION AND VISUALISATION OF BIG DATA FROM SENSORS SENSORS IOT TO COLLECT BIG DATA AND MANAGE REMOTELY THE INFRASTRUCTURES INFRASTRUCTURES NETWORKS AND ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING SMART CITIES. 1. CITY LAYER

16 THE LAYER FOR ELECTRICITY FLOW New Applications enabled by Additional Infrastructure Enabled Utility Managers Management Applications Control How Power Flows Economic Dispatch Gen & Trans Mgt. Energy Optimization Transmission Automation Asset Optimization Sensors Demand Optimization Dist. Mgt. Delivery Optimization Dist. Automation Adv.Metering System Enabled Consumers Heavy Metal Generate & Deliver Power Thermal Generation Lines Sub Stations Dist Equipment Voltage Control Renewable Generation Old Grid Smart Grid Adds Old Grid You call when the power goes out. Utility pays whatever it takes to meet peak demand. Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration Cannot manage distributed generation safely. ~10% power loss in T&D Smart Grid Utility knows power is out and usually restores it automatically. Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost. Reduces CAPEX. No problem with higher wind and solar penetration. Can manage distributed generation safely. Power Loss reduced by 2+% lowers emissions & customer bills. RSE elaboration - Source European ETP

17 THE OPPORTUNITIES: INTERNET OF THINGS Drive the next productivity revolution by connecting intelligent machines with people at work The II Connects 1. Intelligent Machines Leverage technology & communication to costeffectively connect machines + Big Data 2. & Analytics Combine the power of big data, big analytics, and industry physics + 3. People at Work Connecting people any place, any way, and any time for intelligent operations = A world that works better, faster, safer, cleaner and cheaper Energy Value: Global Energy Capex $1.9T/year The first 1% annual savings equals $300B over 15 years RSE elaboration - Source European ETP

18 RAPIDLY EVOLVING ENVIRONMENT SHARING ECONOMY GIVE VOICE TO CITIZENS TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION MARKET UPTAKE FUNCTIONALITY FOCUS USER CENTRIC APPs ICT CENTERED SOLUTIONS

19 AN EXAMPLE OF BEST PRACTICE 54 COUNTRY PAVILIONS 9 THEMATIC CLUSTERS 21 MILLION VISITORS 184 DAYS WORKERS 8000 VOLUNTEERS GREEN FIELD SMART CITY FOR INHABITANTS LIVING LABORATORY FOR SMART TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS

20 EXPO MILANO 2015 BEHIND THE SCENES Digital Smart City s Layers Layer 1: Smart Buildings and Smart Energy Layer 2: Telecommunications and IT Systems Layers 3: Safe City Layer 4: Edutainment Smart lightning, Power distribution with smart metering, Electrical charging points Telecommunication network, Enhanced telecommunications services, IT services, Cloud services Main Operation Center, Security services, Staff secure communication, Access control system Digital signage, Pavilion solutions, Mobile experience, Smart Electronic Ticket (SMET) Layer 5: Services Electronic payment, Transportation, E- Health, Solutions for disabled people

21 ASSESSING THE EXPO s SOLUTIONS What s the meaning for Smartness and Sustainability? SMARTNESS The ability, with ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) implementation, to offer better and accessible services. SUSTAINABILITY The ability of reducing environmental impacts (pollutant emissions), delineating costs, improving economy and life quality.

22 METHODOLOGY INTRODUCTION Assets-Functionalities-Benefits-KPIs Matrix ASSETS FUNCTIONALITIES Functionality 1 Functionality 2 Functionality n Asset 1 Asset 2 Asset n FUNCTIONALITIES Functionality 1 BENEFITS Benefit 1 Benefit 2 Benefit n Functionality 2 Functionality n BENEFITS Benefit 1 KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS - KPI Environment Economy Energy Living Benefit 2 Benefit n

23 SUSTAINABILITY OF DEPLOYED SOLUTIONS Energy distribution network and Lighting system Telecommunication network and Telepresence Mobility

24 FOCUS ON ENERGY NETWORKS - IMPLEMENTED SOLUTIONS RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

25 ELECTRICAL NETWORK STRUCTURE 100 MV/LV substations, connections for 75 MW Innovative automatic control and fault detection system 270 kw storage integrated with Renewables E-mobility infrastructure with 100 Pole Charging Station Control Center for monitoring electrical parameters Energy Management System RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

26 TECHNOLOGIES DEPLOYED RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

27 OVERALL SMARTENABILITY SCORE

28 SECTORAL SMARTENABILITY SCORES

29 CONCLUSIONS ELECTRICITY NETWORKS ARE THE BACKBONE OF THE SMART CITY; THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SERVICES ARE INSTRUMENTAL FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF SMART GRIDS AND THEREFORE OF SMART CITIES; MEDIUM SIZED CITIES ARE THE MOST ADEQUATE FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF SMART SOLUTIONS: THEIR STARTING LEVEL IS ADQUATE FOR EXPERIMENTS SCALABLE SOLUTIONS CAN BE IMPLEMENTED; CHALLENGES FOR INFRASTRUCTURES DEPLOYMENT MOTIVATE SMARTNESS; FOCUS ON CITIZEN-CENTRIC SOLUTIONS FOSTERS SMART GRID INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS; SUSTAINABILITY BENEFITS FROM SMART SOLUTIONS MUST BE BENCHMARKED WITH RESPECT TO BUSINESS AS USUAL TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS. EXPO MILANO 2015 PROVED TO BE A FORMIDABLE LIVING LAB FOR REAL LIFE TESTING OF SMART CITIES SOLUTIONS; SMARTENABILITY IS A PROVEN METRICS FOR SMART CITIES PROJECTS SUSTAINABILITY AND REPRESENTS A REAL LEGACY FROM EXPO2015.

30 PSCC 2011 Stockholm August 2011