Is PUE the best we can do? Vasiliki Georgiadou, Green IT Amsterdam DCW London, UK 2019/03/12. H2020-EE-2017-RIA-IA Grant Agreement no

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1 Is PUE the best we can do? Vasiliki Georgiadou, Green IT Amsterdam DCW London, UK 2019/03/12 H2020-EE-2017-RIA-IA Grant Agreement no

2 Every Company is an IT Company 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 2

3 ICT's Challenge: Power and Heat 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 3

4 Data Center's Challenge: Infrastructure 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 4

5 Urban Planning Challenge: Alignment Multigrid s 5MW data center in Stockholm will recycle waste heat (2017) Amsterdam Zuid-Oost Smart grid/smart city-schets Gemeente Amsterdam Project Energiek Zuid-Oost Schiphol Trade Park (SADC) Ontwerptekening Green Datacenter Campus 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 5

6 Green power, efficiency and waste heat Green PUE 30/35 0 C 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 7

7 We Are Green IT Amsterdam 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 8

8 Data Centres can and should offer energy flexibility services to their smart grid and district heating networks 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 9

9 At a glance: Converting Data Centres in Energy Flexibility Ecosystems H2020-EE Innovation Action October 2017 October Euro (EU ,5 Euro) 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 10

10 Marketplace as a Service Scenarios are built up from the premise that electricity (incl. flexibility), heat and IT load are nothing but commodities that data centres can transfer, exchange and trade in their corresponding emerging markets either individually or combined to achieve synergies whenever applicable. IT Load Electricity/ Flexibility Heat/ Cold 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 11

11 47 l/s at 12 C 47 l/s at 17 C 150 kw 40 l/s at 12 C 40 l/s at 7 C Type: Colocation Technologies: Thermal inertia of cooling, geothermal, heat re-use considered Resources: 3 DCs owned by Engineering PUE = 1.52 Pilots ID card Type: HPC Technologies: Liquid cooling, heat re-use, servers powered by PV onsite Resources: Liquid cooled HPC DC, micro DC with PV system integrated PUE = 1.3 Type: Colocation Technologies: Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage, diesel preheating, water treatment Resources: Production DC PUE = 1.35 Type: Distributed (HPC) Technologies: Direct heat re-use, free cooling with heat sinks Resources: Subset of nodes in residential buildings and offices PUE = PUE not measured, 1 by design 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 12

12 Sc. 2: DC offers heat to local heating grids Heat/Cold Pilots Mapping scenarios to testbeds Sc. 4 Electricity/ Flexibility Sc. 1: DC offers flexibility services to electrical grids Sc. 7 Sc. 5 Sc. 6 IT Load Sc. 3: IT Load Federated DCs 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 13

13 The Green Data Centre Assessment Toolkit The Toolkit supports the evaluation and selfassessment of data centres in terms of their environmental performance and impact. 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 14

14 Data Centre Metrics Landscape A snapshot KPIs & Metrics Footprint Primary Energy Savings CO2 Emission Savings Energy Cost Savings Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE or EN ) Renewable Energy Factor (REF or EN ) Energy Reuse Factor (ERF) Carbon Usage Effectiveness (CUE) Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE) Data Centre Infra Standards ASHRAE (TC ) BREEAM (DC 2010) EN50600 Standard Series EU Code of Conduct 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 15

15 Metric Description Formula Unit / Range Optimal Value Source Selected Metrics & KPIs 1/2 Power Usage Effectiveness PUE Renewable Energy Factor REF Energy Reuse Factor ERF % of energy spent powering ancillary equipment % of renewable energy over total DC energy % of energy exported for reuse outside of DC Total Facility Energy IT Equipment Energy RE owned & controlled by DC Total Facility Energy Reuse X SourceFactor Total Facility Energy N/A 1<PUE N/A 0 REF 1 N/A 0 ERF 1 As close to 1 as possible 1 = DC powered 100% by RE 1 = all energy is being reused EN ; ISO/IEC EN ; ISO/IEC ISO/IEC ; Cluster Water Usage Effectiveness WUE Operational water usage associated with DC Annual Water Usage IT Equipment Energy L/kWh 0 WUE 0 = no water use The Green Grid; whitepaper #35 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 16

16 Metric Description Formula Unit / Range Optimal Value Source Selected Metrics & KPIs 2/2 Adaptability Power Curve at RES APC ren Data Centre Adapt - DCA Primary Energy Savings PES CO2 Savings Ability of a DC to adapt to the production curve of RES Ability of a DC to change its energy consumption behaviour % of savings in terms of primary energy associated with DC operations % of savings in terms of CO2 emissions associated with DC operations 1 1 σ n i=1 σ n i=1 1 K APCren E Ren i E DCi σn i=1 E DCi K DCA E DCReal i E DCBaseline 1 σ n i=1 E DCBaseline i PE Current, t PE Baseline_adjusted t CO2 current t CO2 baseline_adjusted t N/A 0 APC ren 1 N/A 0< DCA 1 N/A 0 PES<1 N/A 0 CO2 Savings<1 1 = full adaptation The closer to 0, the more flexible the DC is As close to 1 as possible As close to 1 as possible Cluster Cluster Cluster Cluster 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 17

17 The Green Data Centre Assessment Toolkit Renewable Energy Energy Efficient Infrastructure Heat Reuse Resource Management 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 18

18 Flexibility metrics REF on-site REF Renewable Energy HUE ERF IRF Heat Reuse The Toolkit Building Blocks Energy Efficient Infrastructure Resource Management PUE Category 3 PUE Category 2 PUE Category 1 CO2 Savings Primary Energy Savings % energy consumption and carbon emissions 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 19

19 1 Select DC class 2 Select metric Current Value 3 4 New Value 5 Renewable Energy Ambition: The energy consumed by the DC facility should come solely from renewable energy sources Centralized cloud DCs Edge DCs Flexibility metrics REF on-site REF Timeline Change Management (real) Evaluate Options More than one options may apply (either real or as-if analysis) Cost Investment 6 Grades 7 What to improve next? Gold Silver Bronze 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 20

20 Value Proposition 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 21

21 The Green Data Centre Stakeholders Group We bring together Energy, Data Centre and Smart City ecosystems to enable the integration of Data Centres as active players in the Smart Energy Infrastructures of the future. Download the manifesto. Become the catalyst to energy transition! Support Green Data Centres in Europe! Join the Green Data Centre Stakeholders Group! 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 22

22 Thank company/project-catalyst 12/03/2019 DCW 2019 London, UK 23