U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Opportunities, Strategies, and Forecasts, 2004 to U.S. Wireless Service Provider. Picture by Susie Eustis

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1 U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Opportunities, Strategies, and Forecasts, 2004 to 2009 U.S. Wireless Service Provider Picture by Susie Eustis MOUNTAINS OF OPPORTUNITY WinterGreen Research, Inc. Lexington, Massachusetts

2 CHECK OUT THESE KEY TOPICS U.S. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER MARKETS U.S. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER MARKET FORECASTS REASONS FOR WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER INDUSTRY CONSOLIDATION Cingular-AT&T Wireless Deal Impact on Other Market Participants Wireless Service Market Penetration Restructuring the Network for Advanced Multimedia Services CONSOLIDATION IN THE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY PUSH TO TALK MARKET DEFINITION WIRELESS INDUSTRY TRENDS WIRELESS NETWORKS MOBILE-TO-MOBILE CALLING THIRD-GENERATION (3G) PHONE SERVICES WIRELESS DATA INSTANT MESSAGING TEST VOTING SIP OPPORTUNITY ABOUNDS OPPORTUNITY ABOUNDS WinterGreen Research, Inc. Lexington, Massachusetts

3 U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Opportunities, Strategies, and Forecasts, 2004 to 2009 Wireless industry consolidation is occurring because it is more efficient to have national coverage. Companies need to have broad coverage to be profitable and to avoid churn. Bundling is a market factor. Companies want to sell customers more than one type of communications solution. Cingular complemented the AT&T network rather than competing with it. The economies of scale and of eliminating duplication of executives and services people made sense. With Verizon in the picture, there is still intense competition. Voice over IP promises to provide an alternate technology. The combined Cingular-AT&T Wireless, which will take the Cingular name, will have wireless networks that cover 49 states and will have annual revenue of more than $32 billion. Cingular estimates that the merger will save the combined company $2 billion to $3 billion a year starting in 2006, in part through thousands of layoffs of overlapping positions. U.S. wireless service provider markets consist of server, advertising, subscription services, and online music segments. The equipment segments will grow at a steady pace while the content delivery segments will grow significantly more rapidly. There are significant growth opportunities in the wireless industry. The U.S. wireless penetration rate continues to climb. With a penetration rate only slightly greater than 50%, a significant source of potential customers is represented in the un-penetrated portion of the U.S. population. It is anticipated that worldwide wireless subscriber penetration for developed countries will reach 92% and for undeveloped countries will be 45%. Prepaid plans are expected to account for virtually all the growth left in the market. Wireless telephones will replace landline narrowband phones to a great extent. Landline services will provide broadband capability. An opportunity for growth lies in the substitution of wireless for wire line minutes. The wireless share of outbound minutes grew from 11% in 2001 to 15% in 2002 and to 20% in The wire line to wireless migration is anticipated to continue. U.S. wireless service provider markets at $100 billion in 2003 are expected to reach $188.4 billion by 2009.

4 Companies Profiled Market Leaders Cingular/AT&T Wireless Verizon Sprint Other Market Participants ALLTEL America Online Deutsche Telekom Nextel Communications Qwest TELUS Mobility Vodaphone America Movil Cable & Wireless Leap NTT Docomo SBC U.S. Cellular Western Wireless

5 U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Strategies and Forecasts, REPORT METHODOLOGY THIS IS THE TWO-HUNDRED AND TENTH REPORT IN A SERIES OF MARKET RESEARCH REPORTS THAT PROVIDE FORECASTS IN COMMUNICATIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, THE INTERNET, COMPUTER, SOFTWARE, AND TELEPHONE EQUIPMENT. THE PROJECT LEADERS TAKE DIRECT RESPONSIBILITY FOR WRITING AND PREPARING EACH REPORT. THEY HAVE SIGNIFICANT EXPERIENCE PREPARING INDUSTRY STUDIES. FORECASTS ARE BASED ON PRIMARY RESEARCH AND PROPRIETARY DATA BASES. FORECASTS REFLECT ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET TRENDS IN THE SEGMENT AND RELATED SEGMENTS. UNIT AND DOLLAR SHIPMENTS ARE ANALYZED THROUGH CONSIDERATION OF DOLLAR VOLUME OF EACH MARKET PARTICIPATION IN THE SEGMENT. INSTALLED BASE ANALYSIS AND UNIT ANALYSIS IS BASED ON INTERVIEWS AND AN INFORMATION SEARCH. MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS INCLUDES CONVERSATIONS WITH KEY CUSTOMERS OF PRODUCTS, INDUSTRY SEGMENT LEADERS, MARKETING DIRECTORS, DISTRIBUTORS, LEADING MARKET PARTICIPANTS, OPINION LEADERS, AND COMPANIES SEEKING TO DEVELOP MEASURABLE MARKET SHARE. OVER 200 IN DEPTH INTERVIEWS ARE CONDUCTED FOR EACH REPORT WITH A BROAD RANGE OF KEY PARTICIPANTS AND INDUSTRY LEADERS IN THE MARKET SEGMENT. YOU MUST HAVE THIS STUDY

6 U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Opportunities, Strategies, and Forecasts, 2004 to 2009 Table of Contents U.S. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY U.S. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Cingular-AT&T Wireless Deal Impact on Other Market Participants Reasons For Wireless Service Provider Industry Consolidation AT&T Wireless Network Upgrades Forced Sale of Company U.S. Wireless Service Provider Markets U.S. Wireless Service Provider Dollar Market Shares U.S. Wireless Service Provider Subscriber Market Shares U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Subscriber Market Forecasts Growth Opportunities In The Wireless Industry U.S. Wireless Service Provider Dollar Market Forecasts Wireless Services Market Penetration Principal Digital Transmission Technologies Roaming Agreements GSM/GPRS Deployment Strategy ES-1 ES-1 ES-3 ES-6 ES-8 ES-9 ES-11 ES-12 ES-13 ES-16 ES-16 ES-18 ES-19 ES-20 ES-20 WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER MARKET DYNAMICS AND MARKET DESCRIPTION 1. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER MARKET DYNAMICS AND MARKET DESCRIPTION Internet Delivery of Audio and Video Content Restructuring the Network for Advanced Multimedia Services Hosted Applications Convergence Of Voice And Data Consolidation In The Wireless Communications Industry Stronger Competitors Wireless Service Provider Network Aspects Wire-line-to-Wireless Migration Era Of Telecommunications Mega-carriers Sale Of AT&T Wireless Video, High-Speed Internet Access And Voice Calls Bundled Services Stand-Alone Companies RBOC Bundling Radio Frequency Emissions Linked To Health Government Regulation FCC Regulatory Environment Compelling Mobile Services Wireless Service Provider Challenges GSM/GPRS Deployment Strategy Significant Changes In Wireless Industry Technology Push To Talk 1-20

7 1.12 Push to Talk Market Definition Push To Talk Target Markets Push To Talk Service Application Servers Functions 1-24 WIRELESS SERVICES MARKET OPPORTUNITIES, AND MARKET FORECASTS 2. WIRELESS SERVICES MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND MARKET FORECASTS Wireless Industry Trends Growth Opportunities In The Wireless Industry Reasons For Wireless Service Provider Industry Consolidation U.S. Wireless Service Provider Markets U.S. Wireless Service Provider Dollar Market Shares U.S. Wireless Service Provider Subscriber Market Shares Cingular / AT&T Wireless Analysis - Dollars Cingular / AT&T Wireless Analysis - Subscribers U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Churn U.S. Wireless Service Provider Average Revenue per User U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Subscriber Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Dollar Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Voice Subscriber and Dollar Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Voice and Data Subscriber and Dollar Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Prepaid Subscriber and Dollar Market Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Average Revenue per User Forecasts U.S. Wireless Service Provider Voice Average Revenue per User Forecasts per Year and per Month U.S. Wireless Service Provider Vo ice and Data Average Revenue per User Forecasts per Year and per Month U.S. Wireless Service Provider Prepaid Average Revenue per User Forecasts per Year and per Month Market Consolidation Analysis Vodafone Needs Position in U.S DoCoMo May Cash Out Its 16% Stake In AT&T Wireless Nextel Options Verizon Wireless Cingular / AT&T Wireless Combined Scale and Reach AT&T Wireless Network Upgrades AT&T Wireless Communications Services Sprint AT&T Wireless / NTT DoCoMo AT&T Wireless Competitive Strengths AT&T Wireless Brand AT&T Wireless Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) AT&T Wireless Revenue GSM Market Prices For Wireless Services Wireless Services Market Penetration Wireless Data Messaging Sprint Data SMS Text Messaging in Europe 2-64

8 WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICES DESCRIPTION 3. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICES DESCRIPTION Wireless Networks Cingular GSM/GPRS Network Cingular Enhanced Spectrum Position Cingular Wireless Handsets AT&T Wireless Network AT&T Wireless Network Strategy Verizon Wireless Vodafone and Verizon Wireless Joint Global Contracts T-Mobile USA U.S. Cellular Nextel Technology and Service Differentiation Mobile-to-Mobile Calling AT&T Wireless Mobile-to-Mobile Calling Distribution Rights Vodafone Live! Third-Generation (3G) Phone Services Vodafone UMTS Vodafone Third-Generation (3g) Phone Services AT&T Wireless GSM/ GPRS Network Wireless Data Cingular Wireless Data Initiatives AT&T Wireless Data service Instant Messaging America Online and AT&T Wireless TELUS Mobility Pay & Talk TELUS Mobility Wireless Internet Services DoCoMo Multimedia DoCoMo Ubiquity Push To Talk Nextel Technology and Service Differentiation Nextel Target Audiences Nextel Vertical Markets U.S. Cellular Converting Network To CDMA 1XRTT Digital Technology U.S. Cellular easyedgesm Phone Data Services Globalization DoCoMo Globalization Text Voting AT&T Wireless Text Voting Roaming AT&T Wireless Roaming Wi-Fi AT&T Wireless Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Roaming AT&T Wireless / T-Mobile USA Airport Wi-Fi Roaming Speaking Phones Targeted To Customers Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Vodafone Speaking Phone On Pay As You Talk 3-30

9 WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS 4. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Build-Out Activities And Enhancements To GSM/GPRS Networks GSM X Principal Digital Transmission Technologies Roaming Agreements Wireless Data Services Significant Changes In Wireless Industry Technology Wireless Local Number Portability Compliance Platforms Software Components Standards Organizations Ericsson, Nokia and Siemens Promote Unified Solution For Push To Talk Over GPRS and EDGE Networks Push To Talk Over GPRS and EDGE Networks IP Multimedia System (IMS) Push to talk service GPRS and UMTS Stacks WCDMA G Videophones Node B application Radio Network Control Stack Nokia Series 60 Software Platform Impact Of Text Messaging Billion SMS Messages SIP IP Prepaid Services MMS Messaging Mobile Commerce Transaction Messaging Entertainment Games List Of Mobile Entertainment Functions OKTV Child Health Controls UK Mobile Operators Joint Code Of Practice For New Forms Of Content Corporate Applications 4-43 WIRELESS SERVICES COMPANY PROFILES 5. WIRELESS SERVICES COMPANY PROFILES Wireless Communications Industry ALLTEL Alltel Revenue Alltel Organizational Structure ALLTEL Instant Connection Touch2 Talk Service America Movil America Online Cingular / AT&T Wireless ATT Wireless Sale AT&T W ireless Business and Strategy AT&T Wireless Marketing International 5-16

10 5.5.4 DoCoMo / AT&T Wireless AT&T Wireless Revenue AT&T Wireless Services Revenue AT&T Wireless Vendor Partnerships AT&T Wireless 2004 Outlook AT&T Wireless Average Revenue Per User (ARPU): AT&T Wireless To Evaluate Strategic Alternatives Cable & Wireless Cable & Wireless National Businesses Cable and Wireless plc Third Quarter 2003/04 Revenue Cable and Wireless plc Exit Route From US Businesses Cingular Cingular Wireless Capital Spending Cingular Wireless Subscriber Growth Cingular Revenue Cingular GSM/GPRS Network Cingular Strategic Focus Cingular GSM/GPRS Network Overlay Cingular Wireless / Wire line Integration Cingular Wireless Data Initiatives Cingular Enhanced Spectrum Position Cingular Operational POPs with GSM/GPRS Coverage Deutsche Telekom Deutsche Telekom Revenue Net Revenue By Geographic Area T-Mobile International Average Revenue per User ARPU T-Mobile Divisions T-Mobile USA Leap Nextel Communications Nextel Technology and Service Differentiation Nextel Technology Direct Connect Service Nextel Mobile Messaging Nextel Online Service Next el Target Audiences Nextel Vertical Markets Nextel Third Quarter 2003 Revenue NTT Docomo DoCoMo Strategy DoCoMo / AT&T Wireless DoCoMo AT&T Wireless Strategic Investment Qwest Qwest Local Telecommunications Qwest Wireless Qwest Network Services Segment Qwest Strategic Positioning U. S. Attorney Office In Denver and SEC Criminal Investigation Of Qwest Qwest Partners Qwest Strategic Alliance With Microsoft Qwest Strategic Alliance with Cisco Qwest Strategic Alliance with IBM 5-72

11 Qwest Network Resource Optimization Qwest High-Capacity Fiber Optic Network Strengths And Weaknesses Of Qwest SBC SBC Revenues SBC Strategy SBC Access-Line Trends SBC Bundle Of Consumer Offerings SBC and Yahoo! / DSL SBC Initiatives Sprint TELUS Mobility TELUS Mobility Service Area Digital Wireless TELUS 2003 Revenue TELUS Communications TELUS Mobility TELUS Mobility Downloadable Multimedia, Arcade-Style Mobile Games TELUS Mobility Wi-Fi Roaming And 1X Interoperability TELUS Mobility Backbone Infrastructure U.S. Cellular U.S. Cellular U.S. Cellular Converting Network To CDMA 1XRTT Digital Technology U.S. Cellular easyedgesm Phone Data Services U.S. Cellular Revenue Verizon Verizon Segment Information Verizon Reportable Segments Verizon Domestic Wireless Verizon Wireless Vodaphone Vodafone Operating Numbers Vodafone Live! Vodafone Organization Vodafone Partnerships Vodafone group Vodafone Live! Vodafone Business Segments Western Wireless Western Wireless Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2003 Revenue Western Wireless International Results 5-117

12 List of Tables and Figures U.S. WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Table ES-1 Reasons AT&T Wireless Sought A Buyout Table ES-2 GSM/GPRS Deployment Strategy Figure ES-3 U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Dollars, 2003 Figure ES-4 U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Subscribers, 2003 Figure ES-5 U.S. Wireless Subscribers, Table ES-6 Wireless Industry Trends Figure ES-7 U.S. Wireless Market Forecasts, Dollars, Figure ES-8 U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Penetration Analysis, Subscribers, Figure ES-9 Cingular Market Reach Figure ES-10 AT&T Wireless / Cingular Combined Reach Table ES-11 AT&T Wireless / Cingular Combined Scale and Reach Table ES-12 AT&T Wireless / Cingular Combined Positioning ES-4 ES-5 ES-10 ES-11 ES-12 ES-14 ES-17 ES-18 ES-21 ES-22 ES-23 ES-24 WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER MARKET DYNAMICS AND MARKET DESCRIPTION Table Wireless Service Provider Network Aspects Table Wireless Service Provider Operations Government Regulation Issues Table Wireless Services Are Capable Of Delivering Providers Table Wireless Messaging Services Table Wireless Service Provider Challenges Table Significant Changes In Wireless Industry Technology Table Push to Talk Target Markets Table Push To Talk Service Application Servers Functions

13 WIRELESS SERVICES MARKET OPPORTUNITIES, AND MARKET FORECASTS Table Wireless Industry Trends Table Growth Opportunities In The Wireless Industry Table G Application Growth Opportunities In The Wireless Industry Table Reasons For Wireless Service Provider Industry Consolidation Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Dollars, 2003 Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Market Share, Dollars, 2003 Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Subscribers, 2003 Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Market Share, Subscribers, 2003 Figure U.S. AT&T and Cingular Wireless Service Provider, Dollars, 2003 Table Cingular and AT&T Wireless Service Provider, Market Share, Dollars, 2003 Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider, Subscribers, 2003 Table Cingular and AT&T Wireless Service Provider, Market Share, Subscribers, 2003 Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Churn, 2003 In Percent Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Churn, 2003 In Percent Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) In Dollars Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) In Dollars Figure U.S. Wireless Subscribers, Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts, Subscribers, Figure U.S. Wireless Market Forecasts, Dollars, Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts, Dollars, Figure U.S. Wireless Voice Subscribers, Figure U.S. Wireless Voice Market Forecasts, Dollars, Figure U.S. Wireless Voice and Data Subscribers, Figure U.S. Wireless Voice and Data Market Forecasts, Dollars, Figure U.S. Wireless Prepaid Subscribers,

14 Figure U.S. Wireless Prepaid Market Forecasts, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Forecasts, Per Year, Dollars, Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts, Subscriber Average Revenue Per User Per Year, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Forecasts, Per Month, Dollars, Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Market Forecasts, Subscriber Average Revenue Per User Per Month, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Voice, Forecasts, Per Year, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Voice, Forecasts, Per Month, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Voice and Data, Forecasts, Per Year, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Voice and Data, Forecasts, Per Month, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Prepaid, Forecasts, Per Year, Dollars, Figure U.S. Average Revenue Per User, Prepaid, Forecasts, Per Month, Dollars, Figure Cingular Coverage Map Before AT&T Wireless Acquisition Table Cingular Coverage Map After AT&T Wireless Acquisition Table Cingular / AT&T Wireless Combined Scale and Reach Table AT&T Wireless / Cingular Combined Advantages Table AT&T Wireless / Cingular Combined Positioning Table AT&T Wireless Competitive Strengths Table AT&T Wireless Calculation Of Average Revenue Per User ARPU Figure U.S. Wireless Service Provider Penetration Analysis, Subscribers, Table U.S. Wireless Service Provider Penetration Analysis, Subscribers, WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICES DESCRIPTION Table AT&T Wireless Network Strategy Table U.S. Cellular Wireless Products And Services. Table TELUS Mobility Wireless Internet Services

15 Table DoCoMo Machine-To-Machine Communications Services Table Nextel Vertical Industries WIRELESS SERVICE PROVIDER TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Table Build-Out Activities And Enhancements To GSM/GPRS Network Table GSM/GPRS Network Aspects Table Significant Changes In Wireless Industry Technology Table Mobile Terminal Platform Architecture Modules and Standards Table Wireless Types of Messaging Table SIP Solutions Types Table List Of Mobile Entertainment Functions Table UK Mobile Operators Practice Aims Table UK Mobile Operators Code of Practice WIRELESS SERVICES COMPANY PROFILES Table AT&T Wireless Business and Strategy Table AT&T Wireless Vendor Partnerships Table AT&T Wireless Calculation Of Average Revenue Per User ARPU Table Cingular Revenue Drivers Table Cingular Key Metrics Table Percent of Cingular's Subscribers with GSM-Capable Handsets Table Nextel Vertical Industries Table Qwest Partners Table Qwest Value Added Services Table Qwest Network Resource Optimization Factors Table Qwest Network Advantages Table Strengths And Weaknesses of Qwest

16 Table TELUS Mobility Products And Services Table U.S. Cellular Wireless Products And Services. Table United States Cellular Corporation Metrics Table Western Wireless Service In 19 States

17 ABOUT THE COMPANY WINTERGREEN RESEARCH, FOUNDED IN 1985, PROVIDES STRATEGIC MARKET ASSESSMENTS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, HEALTH CARE, AND ADVANCED COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY. INDUSTRY REPORTS FOCUS ON OPPORTUNITIES THAT WILL EXPAND EXISTING MARKETS OR DEVELOP MAJOR NEW MARKETS. THE REPORTS ASSESS NEW PRODUCT AND SERVICE POSITIONING STRATEGIES, NEW AND EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES, AND TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON PRODUCTS, SERVICES, AND MARKETS. MARKET SHARES ARE PROVIDED. LEADING MARKET PARTICIPANTS ARE PROFILED, AND THEIR MARKETING STRATEGIES, ACQUISITIONS, AND STRATEGIC ALLIANCES ARE DISCUSSED. THE PRINCIPALS OF WINTERGREEN RESEARCH HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND ADVANCED COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY MARKETS FOR OVER 30 YEARS. ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORS ELLEN T. CURTISS, TECHNICAL DIRECTOR, CO-FOUNDER OF WINTERGREEN RESEARCH, CONDUCTS STRATEGIC AND MARKET ASSESSMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY-BASED INDUSTRIES. PREVIOUSLY SHE WAS A MEMBER OF THE STAFF OF ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC., FOR 23 YEARS, MOST RECENTLY AS VICE PRESIDENT OF ARTHUR D. LITTLE DECISION RESOURCES, SPECIALIZING IN STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MARKET DEVELOPMENT SERVICES. SHE IS A GRADUATE OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY AND THE PROGRAM FOR MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT AT HARVARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION. SHE IS THE AUTHOR OF RECENT STUDIES ON WORLDWIDE TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKETS, THE TOP TEN INTERNET EQUIPMENT COMPANIES, THE TOP TEN CONTRACT MANUFACTURING COMPANIES, AND THE TOP TEN TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECASTS. SUSAN EUSTIS, PRESIDENT, CO-FOUNDER OF WINTERGREEN RESEARCH, HAS DONE RESEARCH IN COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS. SHE HOLDS SEVERAL PATENTS IN MICROCOMPUTING AND PARALLEL PROCESSING. SHE HAS THE ORIGINAL PATENTS IN ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINES. SHE HAS NEW PATENT APPLICATIONS IN FORMAT VARYING, MULITPROCESSING, AND ELECTRONIC VOTING. SHE IS THE AUTHOR OF RECENT STUDIES OF THE REGIONAL BELL OPERATING COMPANIES' MARKETING STRATEGIES, INTERNET EQUIPMENT, BIOMETRICS, A STUDY OF INTERNET EQUIPMENT, WORLDWIDE TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, TOP TEN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, DIGITAL LOOP CARRIER, WEB HOSTING, WEB SERVICES, AND APPLICATION INTEGRATION MARKETS. MS. EUSTIS IS A GRADUATE OF BARNARD COLLEGE.

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