An intro to Mininet. TELE4642: Week5

Transcription

1 A itro to Miiet TELE4642: Week5

2 Types of Network Testbeds Platforms for Network/Systems Teachig Platform Advatages Disadvatages Hardware testbed Fast Accurate Simulator Iexpesive, flexible Detailed Easy to dowload Virtual time Emulator Iexpesive, flexible Real code Reasoably accurate Easy to dowload Fast/iteractive usage Expesive Hard to recofigure Hard to chage Hard to dowload May reuire app chages Might ot ru OS code May ot be believable May be slow/o-iteractive Slower tha hardware Possible iaccuracy from multiplexig Network Performace 5-2

3 Hardware based Network Testbed (1/2) Very Simple Network usig Full System Virtualizatio h1 ( ) s1 h2 ( ) Network Performace 5-3

4 Hardware based Network Testbed (2/2) Problems Too much work eve for creatig such a simple etwork topology Not programmable / Not scalable h1 ( ) s1 h2 ( ) sudo bash # Create host amespaces ip ets add h1 ip ets add h2 # Create switch ovs-vsctl add-br s1 # Create liks ip lik add h1-eth0 type veth peer ame s1-eth1 ip lik add h2-eth0 type veth peer ame s1-eth2 ip lik show # Move host ports ito amespaces ip lik set h1-eth0 ets h1 ip lik set h2-eth0 ets h2 ip ets exec h1 ip lik show ip ets exec h2 ip lik show # Coect switch ports to OVS ovs-vsctl add-port s1 s1-eth1 ovs-vsctl add-port s1 s1-eth2 ovs-vsctl show # Set up OpeFlow cotroller ovs-vsctl set-cotroller s1 tcp: ovs-cotroller ptcp: & ovs-vsctl show # Cofigure etwork ip ets exec h1 ifcofig h1-eth ip ets exec h1 ifcofig lo up ip ets exec h2 ifcofig h2-eth ip ets exec h1 ifcofig lo up ifcofig s1-eth1 up ifcofig s1-eth2 up # Test etwork ip ets exec h1 pig -c Network Performace 5-4

5 Emulator based Network Testbed What We Wat is A simple commad-lie tool / API which ca ease the work The solutio should allow us to easily create topologies for varyig size, up to hudreds ad thousad of odes h1 ( ) s1 h2 ( ) h1 = et.addhost( 'h1' ) h2 = et.addhost( 'h2' ) s1 = et.addswitch( 's1' ) c0 = et.addcotroller( 'c0' ) et.addlik( h1, s1 ) et.addlik( h2, s1 ) et.start() CLI( et ) Topology Geeratio usig Miiet API Network Performace 5-5

6 Itroductio to Miiet Miiet A etwork emulator which creates realistic virtual etwork Rus real kerel, switch ad applicatio code o a sigle machie Provides both Commad Lie Iterface (CLI) ad Applicatio Programmig Iterface (API) CLI: iteractive commadig API: automatio May OpeFlow features are built-i Abstractio Host: emulated as a OS level process Switch: emulated by usig software-based switch E.g., Ope vswitch, SoftSwitch Network Performace 5-6

7 Miiet Istallatio (1/2) Miiet VM Istallatio The easiest ad most fool-proof way of istallig Miiet Procedures Dowload the Miiet pre-istalled VM image Dowload ad istall oe of the hypervisors (e.g., VirtualBox, Qemu, VMware Workstatio, VMware Fusio, or KVM) Import VM image ito selected hypervisor Native Istallatio from Source Recommeded OS: Ubutu ad later Procedures Dowload source from github $ git cloe git://github.com/miiet/miiet Full istallatio: Miiet + Ope vswtich + wireshark + etc. $ miiet/util/istall.sh -a Miimum istallatio: + Miiet + Ope vswitch $ miiet/util/istall.sh -fv Network Performace 5-7

8 Miiet Istallatio (2/2) Native Istallatio from Package Recommeded OS: Ubutu ad later Procedures Remove all previously istalled Miiet ad Ope vswitch $ sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bi/m /usr/local/bi/mexec \ /usr/local/lib/pytho*/*/*miiet* \ /usr/local/bi/ovs-* /usr/local/sbi/ovs-* Istall Miiet package accordig to your Ubutu versio (choose oe of them!) $ sudo apt-get istall miiet $ sudo apt-get istall miiet/uatal-backports $ sudo apt-get istall miiet/precise-backports Deactive OpevSwitch cotroller if it is ruig $ sudo service opevswitch-cotroller stop $ sudo update-rc.d opevswitch-cotroller disable Ubutu Ubutu Ubutu You ca also istall additioal software from miiet source $ git cloe git://github.com/miiet/miiet $ miiet/util/istall.sh -fw Network Performace 5-8

9 Miiet Tutorial (1/7) Miiet Commad Lie Iterface Usage Iteract with hosts ad switches Start a miimal topology $ sudo m Start a miimal topology usig a remote cotroller $ sudo m --cotroller=remote,ip=[ip_adddr],port=[listeig port] Start a custom topology $ sudo m --custom [topo_script_path] --topo=[topo_ame] Display odes miiet> odes Display liks miiet> et Dump iformatio about all odes miiet> dump Network Performace 5-9

10 Miiet Tutorial (2/7) Miiet Commad Lie Iterface Usage Iteract with hosts ad switches Check the IP address of a certai ode miiet> h1 ifcofig -a Prit the process list from a host process miiet> h1 ps -a Test coectivity betwee hosts Verify the coectivity by pigig from host1 to host2 miiet> h1 pig -c 1 h2 Verify the coectivity betwee all hosts miiet> pigall Network Performace 5-10

11 Miiet Tutorial (3/7) Miiet Commad Lie Iterface Usage Ru a regressio test Traffic receive preparatio miiet> iperf -s -u -p [port_um] & Traffic geeratio from cliet miiet> iperf -c [IP] -u -t [duratio] -b [badwidth] -p [port_um] & Lik variatios $ sudo m -lik tc,bw=[badwidth],delay=[delay_i_millisecod] Pytho Iterpreter Prit accessible local variables $ py locals() Execute a method through ivokig miiet API $ py [miiet_ame_space].[method] Network Performace 5-11

12 Miiet Tutorial (4/7) Miiet Applicatio Programmig Iterface Usage Low-level API: odes ad liks miiet.ode.node A virtual etwork ode, which is a simply i a etwork amespace miiet.lik.lik A basic lik, which is represeted as a pair of odes Class Method Descriptio Node MAC/setMAC IP/setIP cmd termiate Retur/Assig MAC address of a ode or specific iterface Retur/Assig IP address of a ode or specific iterface Sed a commad, wait for output, ad retur it Sed kill sigal to Node ad clea up after it Lik Lik Create a lik to aother ode, make two ew iterfaces h1 = Host( 'h1' ) h2 = Host( 'h2' ) s1 = OVSSwitch( 's1', inamespace=false ) c0 = Cotroller( 'c0', inamespace=false ) Lik( h1, s1 ) Lik( h2, s1 ) h1.setip( '10.1/8' ) h2.setip( '10.2/8' ) c0.start() s1.start( [ c0 ] ) prit h1.cmd( 'pig -c1', h2.ip() ) s1.stop() c0.stop() Network Performace 5-12

13 Miiet Tutorial (5/7) Miiet Applicatio Programmig Iterface Usage Middle-level API: etwork object miiet.et.miiet Network emulatio with hosts spawed i etwork amespaces Class Method Descriptio addhost Add a host to etwork addswitch Add a switch to etwork addlik Lik two odes ito together mai class to create ad maage a etwork Net addcotroller getnodebyname start stop pig Add a cotroller to etwork Retur ode(s) with give ame(s) Start cotroller ad switches Stop the cotroller, switches ad hosts Pig betwee all specified hosts ad retur all data et = Miiet() h1 = et.addhost( 'h1' ) h2 = et.addhost( 'h2' ) s1 = et.addswitch( 's1' ) c0 = et.addcotroller( 'c0' ) et.addlik( h1, s1 ) et.addlik( h2, s1 ) et.start() prit h1.cmd( 'pig -c1', h2.ip() ) et.stop() Network Performace 5-13

14 Miiet Tutorial (6/7) Miiet Applicatio Programmig Iterface Usage High-level API: topology templates miiet.topo.topo Data ceter etwork represetatio for structured multi-trees Class Method Descriptio Topo Methods similar to et addnode addport switches Hosts/odes/switches/liks isswitch E.g., addhost, addswitch, addlik, Add ode to graph Geerate port mappig for ew edge Retur all switches Retur all hosts Retur true if ode is a switch, retur false otherwise class SigleSwitchTopo( Topo ): "Sigle Switch Topology" def build( self, cout=1): hosts = [ self.addhost( 'h%d' % i ) for i i rage( 1, cout + 1 ) ] s1 = self.addswitch( 's1' ) for h i hosts: self.addlik( h, s1 ) et = Miiet( topo=sigleswitchtopo( 3 ) ) et.start() CLI( et ) et.stop() Network Performace 5-14

15 Miiet Tutorial (7/7) Parametrised custom topologies With a few lies of Pytho code Ca create a flexible topology which ca be cofigured based o the parameters you pass ito it, ad reused for multiple experimets. Network Performace 5-15

16 example the base class for Miiet topologies setloglevel( 'ifo' 'debug' 'output' ): set Miiet's default output level; 'ifo' is recommeded as it provides useful iformatio. Network Performace 5-16

17 Performace parameters? I additio to basic behavioral etworkig, Miiet provides performace limitig ad isolatio features, through the CPULimitedHost ad TCLik classes. Network Performace 5-17

18 Network Performace 5-18

19 Miiet Applicatios MiiEdit A GUI applicatio which eases the Miiet topology geeratio Either save the topology or export as a Miiet pytho script Visual Network Descriptio (VND) A GUI tool which allows automate creatio of Miiet ad OpeFlow cotroller scripts Network Performace 5-19

20 Two Flow Isertio Methods Reactive Flow Isertio A o-matched packet reaches a OpeFlow switch, it is set to the cotroller, based o the packet a appropriate flow is iserted Proactive Flow Isertio Flow ca be iserted proactively by the cotroller i switches before packet arrive SRC DST ACT h1 h2 p1 acuire route OpeFlow Cotroller SRC DST ACT h1 h2 p1 isert flow host1 switch1 (reactive) switch2 (proactive) host2 Network Performace 5-20

21 Sample Scearios Costruct a Customized Topology Usig Miiet A topology with two hosts ad five switches Sceario Setup the flow i reactive maer Pig from host1 to host2 i reactive maer Pig from all hosts to the other hosts host1 switch1 switch2 Route # switch3 2 switch 5 host 2 switch4 Route #2 Network Performace 5-21

22 Setup RESTbased App Static Flow Pusher Not stadardized yet, use proprietary APIs Northboud API Host Host OVS Switch Host OVS Switch Ryu Cotroller Host OVS Switch Host Host OVS Switch Host Southboud API Host OVS Switch Host Host miiet Implemet OpeFlow Protocol Network Performace 5-22

23 Ryu istallatio Usig pip commad is the easiest optio: $ pip istall ryu If you prefer to istall from the source code: $ git cloe git://github.com/osrg/ryu.git $ cd ryu; pytho./setup.py istall ryu.app.ofctl_rest Network Performace 5-23

24 Executio Procedures Procedures Start Ryu cotroller with Simple Switch 1.3 applicatio Iitialize Miiet by specifyig custom topology $ sudo m --custom./topo.py --topo mytopo --cotroller=remote, ip= ,port=6633 Iitiate a ICMP reuest from host1 miiet> h1 pig h2 Iitiate ICMP reuests from all hosts miiet> pigall Network Performace 5-24

25 Lab2: Fat-Tree Topology Geeratio It is ot static tree, it grows with K (e.g. K=4) Network Performace 5-25

26 Useful resources Network Performace 5-26