Making Light Work of the Future IP Network

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Making Light Work of the Future IP Network"

Sheryl Douglas
5 years ago
Views:

1 Making Light Work of the Future IP Network HPSR 2002, Kobe Japan, May 28, 2002 Ken-ihi Sato NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Transmission apaity inrease has been signifiant sine the introdution of optial fiber transmission. Commerial systems have been introdued five or six years after the experimental results were presented. 10,000 1, Pratial Use ETDM WDM+ETDM Experimental ] ETDM OTDM WDM+ETDM WDM+OTDM F-100M F-400M ETDM ETDM F-1.6G F-2.4G FS-1.8G F-600M FS-400M WDM, OTDM SDH System FSA-2.4G new F-600M FA-10G FA-2.4G WDM WDM Optial Amplifier 0.01 F-32M Dispersion-shifted fiber F-6M DFB laser Single-mode fiber 1

2 43Gbit/s OTN Line Terminal Developed by NTT - High-speed Si LSI Tehnology - OTN Standard - New Modulation Format OS, OR, CS-RZ OTU3 Frame Generation/Termination Diret Mapping of GbEther STM-16 1Tbit/s 43Gbit/ 25 Transmission was Suessfully Ahieved in NTT s Field Environment with the Prototype System Control and Administration Dynami Control of Wavelength Stati Wavelength Operation 100Gb/s 1T 10Tb/s >10Tb/s Evolution of Photoni Network Centralized Control Meshtype Network with OXC S Distributed Control network with Photoni MPLS OADM Photoni Router WDM OXC OADM Ring Network Point-to-Point WDM Transmission Transport of Information Blok with Wavelength Label WDM λ λ λ λ λ λ OADM : Optial Add/Drop Multiplexer OXC : Optial Cross-onnet λ IP Routing IP Pakets are mapped within Wavelength Labeled Bit Stream Wavelength Routing Photoni MPLS Router Year λ 2

Wavelength Routing on Photoni Superhighway WDM + (eletrial) IP Router WDM Link IP Paket IP Router Traffi Jam at Node Photoni MPLS Wavelength Path WDM Link Existing Network IP

3 Wavelength Routing on Photoni Superhighway WDM + (eletrial) IP Router WDM Link IP Paket IP Router Traffi Jam at Node Photoni MPLS Wavelength Path WDM Link Existing Network IP Router Photoni Network Wavelength Routing PTS Internet Hop Distane Distribution Path and Round Trip Time Measurements June

4 MPLS and Photoni MPLS MPLS MPLS Router Label Label Swith Labeled Paket Labeled Paket IP Paket IP Paket Photoni MPLS Ingress Photoni Router Label is added to eah paket. Optial Label Swith Wavelength Label VWP approah Egress WP approah IP Paket IP Paket Ingress Wavelength label is added to eah layer 1 stream. Egress OXCs and Photoni MPLS routers o-exist? Yes, eah has its own appliation. Photoni MPLS routers are regarded as the ultimate in integrated router systems. OXCs reate optial platform on whih different transfer mode servies an be provided. Criteria of the Seletion - Servies (IP only or IP and other servies, ex. Lambda servie?) - Ownership (Are IP routers and OXCs and Transmission Equipment owned by the same provider?) - Segmentation of Network Management 4

End-to-End Node Cost Redution IP over WDM IP Router - 2.5 Gbit/s IP router I/F (OC-48 or STM-16) - 20 Gbit/s transmission (2.

6 0.4 0.2 Edge node End-to-End node ost ratio IP over photoni to IP over WDM 3.0 :0.75 : 2.0 Cost ratio per 2.

5 End-to-End Node Cost Redution IP over WDM IP Router Gbit/s IP router I/F (OC-48 or STM-16) - 20 Gbit/s transmission (2.5 Gbit/s 8 λ) WDM LT IP over Photoni IP Router Edge node PTS Edge node Intermediate nodes Intermediate nodes 1.0 Edge node Edge node End-to-End node ost ratio IP over photoni to IP over WDM 3.0 :0.75 : 2.0 Cost ratio per 2.5-Gbit/s apaity; PTS : IP router : WDM-LT 3.5 : 1.5 : Number of intermediate nodes Photoni MPLS Router Presented at SUPERCOMM

Outlook of Photoni MPLS Router Photoni MPLS Router Speifiations Item Throughput System throughput UNI Optial swith arhiteture Optial swith Operating wavelength range Optial hannel speed Number of of

6 Outlook of Photoni MPLS Router Photoni MPLS Router Speifiations Item Throughput System throughput UNI Optial swith arhiteture Optial swith Operating wavelength range Optial hannel speed Number of of wavelengths Number of of fiber ports Speifiations More than 5Gpps (Obtained with wavelength routing and MPLS router) Maximum 2.56 Tbit/s POS, ATM, GEther, et. Delivery and oupling type Planar Lightwave Ciruit (PLC) thermo-optial swith 1550 nm band (C-band) 2.5 Gbit/s (up gradable to to 10 Gbit/s) 32 per fiber 8 input /output pairs (fiber port an be added one by one) Total swith sale Salability 256 x 256 hannels The number of available optial hannels is is expandable up to to 256, with 8 wavelengths modularity (eah swith module aommodates 8 wavelengths.) Maximum number of available POS interfae is 128. Consists of of one to to twenty MPLS routers. MPLS router salability Maximum number of available POS interfae is

Optial Cross-Connet Arhiteture Link Modular Unit Fiber #1 W-DMX Pre-OA W-CNV DC- Post-OA OC 1 2 1X2 Optial Swith Fiber #2 DC- Link Modular Unit m OC OC OC 1 2 n DC- Arhiteture Link

7 Optial Cross-Connet Arhiteture Link Modular Unit Fiber #1 W-DMX Pre-OA W-CNV DC- Post-OA OC 1 2 1X2 Optial Swith Fiber #2 DC- Link Modular Unit m OC OC OC 1 2 n DC- Arhiteture Link Modular Unit Fiber #N DC- OPXC Arhiteture OA: Optial Amplifier W-DMUX: Wavelength Demultiplexer W-CNV: Wavelength Conversion Module DC-: Delivery &Coupling Swith OC: Optial Coupler DC- Pakage 7

8 Input 1 2 M Different Swith Arhiteture DC- 1 2 Optial Swith N 2N N 2N 3-stage Clos M M M M 2N N 2N N M 1 Optial Coupler 1 2 N Output Input Collimator 2D-MEMS Substrate MEMS (OFF) MEMS (ON) N 2N M M 3D-MEMS 2N N Input Collimator MEMS Mirror Array Output Collimator MEMS Mirror Array Output Collimator Neessary Hardware vs. Swith Arhiteture Neessary Number of Unit Swithes Swith Sale, N (N x N) 1 N Neessary Number of Equivalent 1x 2 Swithes Swith Sale, N (N x N) 8

9 Probability Swith Reliability Probability MTBF MEMS mirror average life time If the system life time is speified as 10 % failure of all mirrors, then about 50 % of systems show a life time of just 1.8 years when the MTBF of eah mirror inluding the feedbak ontrol system is 20 years. Very reliable 3-D MEMS mirror and ontrol system are required. (PLC TO- is shown to be very reliable; MTBF of 8x8 swith is estimated to be longer than 100 years.) Available Cell Buffer per Link in ATM Systems Cell Buffer per 150 Mb/s Path Speed 100,000 10,000 1, (Not a tehnial limit) Cell Buffer per Link 1,000, ,000 10, B A 2500 Year Link Speed (Mb/s) 9

10 Volume of Memory Semiondutor Memory (S-RAM) Optial Fiber Delay Line Si Memory Chip 40 k ell/hip 5 mm 0.5 mm 10 mm v=6x10-4 mm 3 /ell Bare fiber Straight Line Bare fiber Coiled 1 10 Gb/s 8.5 m V=100 mm 3 /ell >10 5 v 125 µmφ 6 m V= mm 3 /ell >10 7 v 10

11 Cost-Effetive Large Capaity Transmission 10 Gb/s 300 h Wavelength Stabilized Light Soures λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 λ5 λ6 λ7 λ8 λ9 λ300 Modulator W D M Channel Speed Inrease (Derease in Number of Light Soures and Modulators) 3 Tbit/s SC Light Soure 40 Gb/s 75 h λ1 λ2 λ75 λ1 λ2 λ75 Mod. W D M W D M 3 Tbit/s Simultaneous Generation of Large Number of Wavelength Mod. 3 Tbit/s Multi-wavelength Pulse Generation with SC Optial Soure Seed Pulses Non-linear Medium Wavelength Filter Multiple Different Colour Pulses Wavelength Time Super-ontinuum Optial Soure Wavelength 11

12 Over1000 Channel High-quality Optial Carrier Generation Optial Carrier Generator Pump pulse soure 1538 nm 12.5 GHz EDFA PM-SC fiber Intensity (10 db/div.) Pump Wavelength 1538 nm 100 nm, 1000 h Intensity (5 db/div.) nm, 50 h Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm) H. Takara, et.al, ECOC' 2000 Post deadline paper PD-3.1, September, 2000, Munih. SNR and Q Fator of Generated Optial Carriers 100 nm, 1000 h 40 Input Pulse Wavelength SNR Q Fator 40 Measurement Conditions Q Fator (db) BER=10-16 BER= SNR (db) SNR Bandwidth= 100MHz-2.5 GHz Q Fator Bit rate=2.5 Gbit/s Wavelength (nm)

SC Light Soure Exhibited at OFC 2002 Features 25-GHz spaing optial frequeny grid (auray of within less than one ppm) Covers S, C and L frequeny bands Polarization-maintaining fiber output

13 SC Light Soure Exhibited at OFC 2002 Features 25-GHz spaing optial frequeny grid (auray of within less than one ppm) Covers S, C and L frequeny bands Polarization-maintaining fiber output Internal/external grid frequeny osillator Dimension: W43 x H13 x D48 (in m) Ultra-Wideband WDM Transmission Gain Bands of Fiber Amplifiers 1450 Wavelength (nm) Multi Bands GS-TDFA EDFA GS-EDFA ~107 nm Seamless Band Silia, Raman Tellurite + Silia, Raman ~80 nm 124 nm NTT, OFC2002 Seamless transmission Eliminating gaps between bands No exess loss of WDM DEMUX/MUX K. Takara, et.al, ECOC' 2002 Post deadline paper, 2002, Anaheim. 13

14 BER after 160 km transmission without FEC 291 h (120 nm) BER < 10-9 with FEC 313 h (124 nm) BER < K. Takara, et.al, ECOC' 2002 Post deadline paper, 2002, Anaheim. 1010h 10GHz AWG with Tandem Configuration K. Takada, et.al, ECOC' 2000 Post deadline paper PD-3.8, September, 2000, Munih. 14

Demultiplexing Properties of 1010h 10GHz

15 Demultiplexing Properties of 1010h 10GHz AWG K. Takada, et.al, ECOC' 2000 Post deadline paper PD-3.8, September, 2000, Munih. Photoni Crystal Struture Fiber Optial Loss=3.2dB/km 1.55µm Zero Dispersion Wavelength=0.81µm d Kubota et al (NTT), CLEO 01 PD, CPD3 Λ 15

Charateristis of Photoni Crystal Fibers Attenuation (db/km) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Loss at 850 nm : 7.1 db/km Loss at 1550 nm Loss 3.2 db/km at 1550 nm: 3.

16 Charateristis of Photoni Crystal Fibers Attenuation (db/km) Loss at 850 nm : 7.1 db/km Loss at 1550 nm Loss 3.2 db/km at 1550 nm: 3.2 db/km Wavelength (nm) Group Delay (ps) Fiber A D λ =2.0 ps/km/nm 2 D = ps/km/nm 3 λλ Zero GVD at 815 nm Dispersion (ps/km/nm) Wavelength (nm) Kubota et al, CLEO 01 PD, CPD3 Photoni Crystal Struture Fiber d1 d2 Λ d 1 /d 2 =0.4 (when 1, no birefringene) 16

17 Charateristis of Polarization-Maintaining Photoni Crystal Fiber - omparison to PANDA Fiber - Birefringene an be larger than PANDA fiber by proper design of ross setion, suh as ore diameter and d1/d2. (see left figure) Loss an be omparable to PANDA fiber. (urrently, 1.3 db/km at 1.55 µm) Low Cost PM-PCF is made of single material, pure silia. Without drilling or filling with another material. Conlusion Traffi engineering apability is the key to developing large sale and robust teleommuniations networks. Introduing optial paths enhanes network performane in transmission and routing, and also provides a means of traffi engineering. Photoni MPLS router offers all the neessary attributes in an integrated fashion and is indispensable to reate large sale IP ore networks. Development of an effetive MPLS ontrol protool (GMPLS) and hardware optimization in terms of ost-performane are very important issues. OXCs and photoni MPLS routers using distributed or entralized ontrol mehanisms have different appliations: The optimization of the system and ontrol system in terms of the appliation (an overlay approah or Photoni MPLS; Dediated design for IP) needs to be done before we an reap the maximum benefits. 17

Multi-Channel Wireless Networks: Capacity and Protocols

Multi-Channel Wireless Networks: Capaity and Protools Tehnial Report April 2005 Pradeep Kyasanur Dept. of Computer Siene, and Coordinated Siene Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Email: