ARM state of the future. Krisztián Flautner VP R&D, ARM

Transcription

1 ARM state of the future Krisztián Flautner VP R&D, ARM Nov 30,

2 Performance Energy $ 2 2

3 New Era of the Mobile Internet More people in the world will first interact with the Internet with mobile than with laptop Vinton Cerf, Google In mobile computing opportunities are particularly exciting... more than 3 billion people around the world are connected yet that is less than half the world s population., Steve Jobs, Apple Nov 07 - Nov. 08, mobile phone browsing increased by 30% or more worldwide. 3

4 Efficient Implementation: Osprey Dual-core Cortex-A9 40G hard-macro product Physical IP and processor teams optimizing together Tuned RAMs, optimized logic ~100% increase in performance > 50% gains from joint optimization Best-in-class individual improvements, best in class when combined Accelerates ARM Partner presence in high performance Development continues, now optimizing at 32LP 2GHz typical speed calculated from simulations 4

5 Mobile Computing All Day Use ARM technology enables world s leading mobile computers ARM11 in most of today s smartphones Cortex-A class Web2.0 phones now shipping HTC Dream (ARM11) PC software vendors are developing software for Palm Pre (Cortex-A) ARM-based mobile computers Abobe Flash, Canonical Ubuntu, Microsoft Silverlight, Mozilla Firefox OEMs announcing laptops and netbooks using ARM Dell Latitude ON* uses ARM processor for and internet running on Linux Pegatron netbook with1ghz Cortex-A processor delivers all day use Dell Latitude ON E4200 Pegatron (Cortex-A8) *According to industry reports 5

6 Software Increasingly Important As mobiles transform the way people communicate, ARM Partners are changing the way people use computing ARM Powered devices are becoming the face of the Internet Emotional Interface 6

7 Web 2.0 Targets ARM Powered Devices Operating Systems Browsers Internet Explorer Google Chrome Opera Mozilla Fennec ARM works within the partnership to enable optimizations for performance critical packages for ARM-based devices 7 Plug-Ins/Web Enablers Mozilla Firefox Webkit Browser Tools Adobe Ajax Website Flash 10 Acceleration Microsoft Silverlight Yahoo Widgets

8 Driving Market Share in Non-Mobile ARM licensing is highly diverse, across many applications Covers the entire semiconductor sector, not just consumer-facing Licenses taken for wireless are used elsewhere Non-mobile Mobile Total ARM Units (m) Diversification of licenses 8 Non-Mobile unit shipments Mobile shipments from 2 years ago Number of licenses signed in 2008

9 Great story means: more headaches for techies oppor t u n i t i es 9

10 Dark Silicon Source ITRS 2008 Node 45nm 22nm 11nm Year Area Peak freq Power (16 x 2.4 x 0.3)-1 = 9% Exploitable Si (equivalent power) 10 24% 9%

11 Local Variation Dominates in VDSM Histogram of Leakage Histogram of Idsat local 120 global local global E E E E E E E E E E E E E Monte Carlo samples, 45nm technology Local variation is nearly as much as global variation at 45nm Need handle on critical variability: on TT silicon >2x nominal delay will still function correctly, on SS silicon ~20% extra delay will cause failure 11

12 Variation needs to be managed Global variation increases the difference between chips Local variation makes each chip worse 12

13 Research is Here to Help System architecture Programming methodology Application-specific accelerators OpenCL, SoC-C, Copernicus Making use of accelerators, reusing HW Run-time adaptive power control Deploy 90% memory 10% logic 13 Not far off: today 50/50 ~ 60/40 Dense memories and logic need to coexist Reconfigurable near-threshold cache Single core, multi-mode energy efficiency

14 Implementation Matters 3D TSVs reduce off-chip IO access Early adoption of advanced nodes Energy recycling on clock networks Optimized macros New materials, improved lithography 14 22nm and beyond Advanced memories and circuits

15 3D IC: a disruptive technology Low-power ARM cores enable large 3D IC stacks Low thermal power critical to technology Complete server in a package Through-silicon vias provide millions of in-stack I/O Processors, networking stacked on top of DRAM >50GB/s of DRAM bandwidth ~25ns latency 3D IC tears down the memory wall Compute embedded in memory Logic SoC Stacked DRAM 15 {

16 The cloud is redefining the platform The cloud will define the software platform The client will be a server (and vice versa) 16

17 Optimizing the right metrics 17

18 CO2 Web hit Performance Energy $ 18

19 Interesting only if impacts at least one M Marketing Functionality > Cost > Energy Marketability 19

20 Expectations change Motorola DynaTac Nokia 2010 Nokia 6310 Nokia N95 8G BlackBerry Bold 1 hour 1 day 1-2 weeks 2-3 days 1 day 20

21 Optimization paths diverge 21

22 Meanwhile Down on Earth A: 2mm2 Solar Cell B: Cortex-M3 near-threshold C: 12µAh Li-ion battery 22

23 But Electricity is Very Inefficient 12.4% of fuel use to delivered electricity worldwide 28.7% of fuel wasted in electricity losses 6% 12% Source: Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2010 Projection

24 Smart Use of Electricity Smart meter can reduce peak load and ineffeciency Smart appliances & HAN Smart TV and AV Smart computers Smart car charging Smart lighting SMART METER 24

25 When Appliances and Meters Can Talk Knowledge helps consumer cut wasted energy and reduce bills 5-10%* Only 8% of 2.65 billion meters for gas, electricity and water worldwide are automated Peak usage would flatten as appliances make smart choices More efficient base loads generate electricity at lower cost benefiting both provider and consumer 25

26 Where Does All the Electricity Go? Most transportation, appliances and computers use motors for motion and cooling Light and heat can be generated directly with electricity Data centers, telecom, PCs and home electronics take the electricity to entertain, communicate and conduct business Source: ARM, compiled from multiple sources 26

27 We Need to Start With Motors >300 million 0.75kW-375kW motors in industry generate ~3.5GtCO2 of emissions* Motors in 2020 will cause 7% of global carbon emissions and 10% of China s emissions** Smart control can cut power consumption 25-40% Variable speed drive (VSD) controls motor to run only at the speed required. Saves 25-30% of power consumption Intelligent Motor Control (IMC) adjusts voltage to suit load. Saves 5~10% power consumption Sources: *4E EMSA project 2008, **The Climate Group 2008, Chart is illustrative 27

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30 mbed Microcontroller DIP Package Smart USB Interface Appears as native USB Disk, Drag n Drop programming Links to website, Simple crypto-based authentication/signup Serial-over-USB Semi-hosting to disk file system Bare metal target 30

31 mbed Compiler Browser-based Online Compiler 31 Write and compile programs without tool installation Download directly to board

32 mbed API #include mbed.h DigitalOut signal(led1); Serial terminal(9,10); AnalogIn temp(19); int main() { if(temp > 0.8) { signal = 1; terminal.printf( Too hot! ); } } Generic peripheral APIs 32 Object-oriented hardware/software abstraction Re-usable libraries rather than code examples

33 mbed.org 33

34 THE END 34