Grafické systémy. doc. Ing. Jozef Vaský, CSc. Ústav aplikovanej informatiky, automatizácie a mechatroniky MTF STU

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1 Grafické systémy doc. Ing. Jozef Vaský, CSc. Ústav aplikovanej informatiky, automatizácie a mechatroniky MTF STU m. č. T jozef.vasky@stuba.sk Ak. rok 2016/17, LS

2 Autodesk Inventor Návody na cvičenia

3 Úvod

4 Základné vlastnosti CAD systému Inventor 3D CAD systém Modulárny systém (moduly sa nazývajú Applications) a všetky moduly používajú spoločnú databázu Asociatívny systém Podpora tímovej metódy práce Concurrent Engineering Feature-based Parametric Solid Modeling prístup Rôzne obmedzenia Geometric/ Dimensional Constraints, Relational Parametric Equotions Princíp práce Shape Before Size. Direct Adaptive Assembly prístup pri modelovaní zostáv. 4

5 Zobrazenie 3D objemového modelu ako tieňovaný obrázok (Smooth Shaded) 5

6 Princíp tvorby 3D modelu telesa Principal Enclosing Box (PEB) základný ohraničujúci kváder / valec Imaginary box that object to be drawn/sketched just fits into. PEB has same dimensions as principal dimensions of object. Principal dimensions are the maximum width, depth and height of an object. Also referred to as bounding box (ohraničujúci kváder). 6

7 Typy súborov šablóny a projekty *.ipt *.iam *.idw, *.dwg *.ipn - súbory súčiastok (part) - súbory zostáv (assembly) - súbory výkresov (drawing) - súbory prezentácií Šablóna (Template) obsahuje informácie o vlastnostiach, napr. normy, meracie jednotky, výkresové pohľady a pod. Uloženie šablón v Windows 7 a Windows 8: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Autodesk\Inventor(číslo verzie)\templates Projekt je súbor s príponou ipj a obsahuje informácie o pracovnom adresári a ďalších dôležitých adresároch obsahujúcich napr. materiálovú knižnicu a pod. Uloženie predefinovaného projektu v Windows 7 a Windows 8: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Autodesk\Inventor(číslo verzie)\default.ipj 7

8 Súčiastka z jedného telesa a viac telies Obsah súborov Zostava Technický výkres Prezentácia 8

9 9

10 10

11 Používateľské rozhranie (UI) 11

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13 Welcome Screen / Uvítacia obrazovka po spustení aplikácie Inventor

14 14

15 Prednastavené pracovné prostredie Nástrojová lišta pre rýchly prístup Pás kariet Ribbon > Tabs > Panels Drop-down arrow ViewCube Zobrazovacia kocka Navigation Bar Navigačná lišta Prehliadač modelu Context Menu miestna ponuka (pravé tlačidlo myši v grafickom okne) 15

16 Ovládacie prvky používateľského rozhrania Terminologický slovník EN-SK Ribbon - pás kariet Tab - karta Pane - panel Button - tlačidlo Quick Access Toolbar - panel pre rýchly prístup Application menu - aplikačná ponuka Context menu - miestna ponuka Marking menu - smerová ponuka ViewCube - navigačný nástroj pre zmenu zobrazenia Navigation bar - navigačný panel (lišta) SteeringWheel - navigačné koliesko Tooltip - krátka nápoveď Model browser - prehliadač štruktúry modelu Status bar - stavový riadok 16

17 Funkcie tlačidiel myši pan posunutie objektu, stlačiť a podržať koliesko, potom posúvať myš zoom zmena mierky, otáčať koliesko 17

18 Funkcie tlačidiel myši - posunutie 18

19 Funkcie tlačidiel myši zmena mierky 19

20 Funkcie tlačidiel myši - otáčanie 20

21 Inventor SDK

22 22

23 Spustenie inštalačného súboru UserTools z SDK 23

24 Manažment údajov Project / projekt

25 Project Editor / editor projektov 25

26 Projektový súbor formát XML 26

27 Manažment údajov projekt The Autodesk Inventor data management system organizes files based on projects. Each project is identified with a main folder that can contain files and folders associated to the design. In Autodesk Inventor, a project file (.ipj) defines the locations of all files associated with the project, including templates and library files. The Autodesk Inventor data management system uses two types of projects: Single-user Project Autodesk Vault Project (installation of Autodesk Vault software is required) The single-user project is for simpler projects where all project files are located on the same computer. The Autodesk Vault project is more suitable for projects requiring multiple users using a networked computer system. The Default project is automatically active by default; and the default project does not define any location for files. In other words, the data management system is not used. Using the default project, designs can still be created and modified, and any model file can be opened and saved anywhere without regard to project and file management. An Inventor project file is actually a text file in.xml format with an.ipj extension. The file specifies the paths to the folder containing the files in the project. To assure that links between files work properly, it is advised to add the locations for folders to the project file before working on model files. 27

28 Určenie projektu Projekt definuje umiestnenie všetkých súborov asociovaných s ním a vytvára referenčné informácie, pomocou ktorých ich možno nájsť. Projekty sú kľúčovým nástrojom pre tímovú prácu pri riešení úlohy. Otvorenie dialógu Projects: v Inventore alebo v okne Design Assistant vyberieme File >Projects, mimo prostredia Inventora v ponuke Windows Start vyberieme Autodesk > Autodesk Inventor 2015 > Tools > Project Editor. Poznámka: Ak chceme upraviť projekt, musíme najprv uzavrieť všetky súbory Inventora. 28

29 Project editor spustený z prostredia OS 29

30 Východiskový projekt Zoznam projektov v hornej časti dialógu Projects obsahuje všetky projekty, pre ktoré existuje zástupca v domovskom adresári projektov. S Inventorom sú už inštalované niektoré projekty: napr. Default (východiskový),... Východiskový projekt sa nedá odstrániť. Poznámka: Zoznam zobrazuje len projekty, pre ktoré existuje zástupca v adresári Projects. Ak chceme pridať projekt, ktorý nie je v zozname, potom musíme projektový súbor vyhľadať na disku. 30

31 Modelovanie súčiastok Part Modelling

32 Konštrukčné prvky - features Stavebné bloky modelu súčiastky sa nazývajú (konštrukčné) prvky. Existujú štyri základné typy prvkov: Sketched features - načrtnuté (skicované) prvky, ktoré vyžadujú náčrt Placed features - umiestnené prvky, ktoré menia existujúcu geometriu (napr. diera) Working f. - pracovné prvky používané pre konštrukčné účely ifeature - iprvky, ktoré reprezentujú bežné tvary a sú uložené v knižnici s možnosťou opakovaného používania. iprvok riadený tabuľkou môže predstavovať rôzne konfigurácie tvarov. 32

33 Načrtnuté (skicované) prvky- Sketched features Tvorba väčšiny súčiastok začína náčrtom. Náčrt je profil konštrukčného prvku a geometria (napr. trajektória ťahania alebo os rotácie) potrebná pre vytvorenie prvku. Prvý náčrt súčiastky môže byť jednoduchý profil. Načrtnuté prvky sú závislé na geometrii náčrtu. Prvý konštrukčný prvok súčiastky (základní konštrukčný prvok) je obvykle načrtnutý konštrukčný prvok. Prvky vytvorené z náčrtu 33

34 Všeobecný postup tvorby 3D modelu 1. Create a rough 2D sketch of the basic shape of the base feature of the design. 2. Apply/modify constraints and dimensions to the 2D sketch. 3. Extrude, revolve, or sweep the parametric 2D sketch to create the base solid feature of the design. 4. Add additional parametric features by identifying feature relations and complete the design. 5. Perform analyses on the computer model and refine the design as needed. 6. Create the desired drawing views to document the design. 34

35 Pravidlá tvorby hrubého náčrtku Create a sketch that is proportional to the desired shape. Concentrate on the shapes and forms of the design. Keep the sketches simple. Leave out small geometry features such as fillets, rounds and chamfers. They can easily be placed using the Fillet and Chamfer commands after the parametric sketches have been established. Exaggerate the geometric features of the desired shape. For example, if the desired angle is 85 degrees, create an angle that is 50 or 60 degrees. Otherwise, Autodesk Inventor might assume the intended angle to be a 90-degree angle. Draw the geometry so that it does not overlap. The geometry should eventually form a closed region. Self-intersecting geometry shapes are not allowed. The sketched geometric entities should form a closed region. To create a solid feature, such as an extruded solid, a closed region is required so that the extruded solid forms a 3D volume. 35

36 Pravidlá tvorby hrubého náčrtu Načrtnúť od ruky základný tvar Pridať geometrické väzby (constraints) Definovať rozmery náčrtu pomocou kót Kontrolovať správanie a stabilitu náčrtu Náčrt použiť pre tvorbu 3D modelu súčiastky 36

37 Geometric Constraint Symbols / Geometrické väzby 37

38 Geometrické väzby a ich účinky Kolmosť (perpendicular) Spôsobí, že vybrané krivky alebo osi elíps zvierajú navzájom pravý uhol. Kolineárnosť (collinear) Spôsobí, že dve úsečky alebo osi elíps ležia pozdĺž rovnakej priamky. Rovnobežnosť (parallel) Spôsobí, že vybrané úsečky alebo osi elíps ležia navzájom rovnobežne. Tangenciálnosť (tangent) Spôsobí, že krivky vrátane koncov spline budú nadpojené tangenciálne k iným krivkám. Totožnosť (coincident) Spojí väzbou dva body alebo jeden bod ku krivke. Sústrednosť (concentric) Spojí väzbou k stredu dva oblúky, kružnice alebo elipsy. Výsledok je rovnaký ako pri väzbe totožnosti použitej na stredy krivek. Horizontálnoť (horizontal) Spôsobí, že úsečky, osi elíps alebo dvojice bodov ležia rovnobežne s osou X súradnicového systému náčrtu. Vertikálnosť (vertical) Spôsobí, že úsečky, osi elíps alebo dvojice bodov ležia rovnobežne s osou Y súradnicového systému náčrtu. Pevná väzba (fix) Spôsobí, že body a krivky budú pevne umiestnené vzhľadom k SS náčrtu. Ak presunieme alebo otočíme SS náčrtu, pevné krivky alebo body sa posunú s ním. Symetria (symetric) Spôsobí, že úsečky a oblúky sa symetricky zarovnajú pomocou vybranej úsečky. Väzby symetrie 38 sa pridajú k vybranej geometrii.

39 Kótovanie / Dimensioning Slúži na definovanie rozmerov Kóty sú úplne asociatívne Kótuje sa ukázaním na entitu (entity) Možnosť automatického kótovania Editácia hodnoty kóty dvojklikom na kótu Zmazanie výberom a klávesom Delete Možnosť užívateľskej parametrizácie 39

40 Príklad náčrtu 40

41 Typy kót Lineárne kóty z jedného základného prvku. Uhlové kóty medzi dvoma hranami. Uhlové kóty vonkajšieho uhlu. Lineárne kóty medzi dvoma základnými prvkami. Šikmé kóty medzi dvoma základnými prvkami. Uhlové kóty medzi tromi bodmi. Uhlové kóty vnútorného uhlu. Uhlové kóty z referenčnej čiary. Kóty polomeru. Nástroj všeobecná kóta pridá kóty do náčrtu. Kóty riadia rozmery súčiastky. Môžu byť vyjadrené ako číselné konštanty, alebo ako premenné vo výrazoch a parametroch. Kóty, ktoré predefinovávajú náčrt (riadené) sú vložené v zátvorkách. Nezmenia veľkosť geometrie, ale aktualizujú sa pri zmenách normálnych kót. Kóty priemeru. 41

42 Automatické kótovanie 42

43 Parametric Dimensions Parametrické kóty Add parametric dimensions to fully constrain profile Each parametric dimension has two components: Numerical value Name Fully Constrained Sketch Úplne definovaný náčrt 43

44 Dimensioning Sketch Kótovanie náčrtu 1. Select the dimension icon & select the object to dimension (line), you can also select two endpoints of a line. 2. Specify the desired value. Over dimensioning (over-constrained) an error message will appear if there is redundancy in dimensioning. e.g., if you dimension both lines that constitute the short side of the rectangle, the window below is activated; decide which dimension to keep Accept to make the last dimension the driver, or Cancel to make the first dimension the driver. Short sides 44

45 Under and Over-constrained Sketches Nedostatočne definovaný a predefinovaný náčrt Vertical position of hole not specified Angle not necessary Under-constrained Over-constrained 45

46 Design intent Konštrukčný zámer In parametric modeling, dimensions control the model. Design intent is how your model will react when dimension values are changed. The drawing shows the intent of the designer that the inclined plane (chamfer) should have a flat area measuring 2.5 and that it should start at a point 1.25 from the base of the drawing. These parameters are what the designer deemed significant for this model Remember that the placement of dimensions is very important because they are being used to drive the shape of the geometry. If the 2.5 vertical dimension increases, the 2.5 flat across the chamfer will be maintained, but its angle will change. 46

47 Design intent (cont.) In this drawing, what is important to the designer is the vertical location and horizontal dimension of the chamfer, rather than the flat of the chamfer In the last drawing, the designer calls for a specific angle for the chamfer. In this case the angle of the chamfer should be dimensioned O

48 Rôzne konštrukčné zámery a správanie sa náčrtu Správanie náčrtu po zmene hodnoty ľavej hrany Symbol označuje kóty definované používateľom (rozmerové väzby). 48

49 Notes Poznámky Keep in mind that dimensioning scheme can be changed at any time. You are not locked into a specific design. You can also design without dimensioning, rough out a sketch, and then later go back and fully define it. Do not be concerned with dimensioning to datum or stacked tolerances in the part. Those issues can be addressed in the drawing layout. Be more concerned with your design intent. 49

50 Príklad 3D modelu 50

51 Table Parameters Tabuľka parametrov Default parameter names (e.g., d0) can be changed Equations can be used to generate parameter value 51

52 Pripojená externá tabuľka (Excel) 52

53 Model Browser - záznam histórie modelovania Zobrazuje konštrukčný zámer (construction intend) postup tvorby modelu Zodpovedá CSG stromu Predstavuje sekvenčný záznam konštrukčných krokov Umožňuje modifikovať model priamym prístupom k jeho prvkom 53

54 Generovanie technického výkresu Drawing 54

55 55

56 Postup generovania výkresu 1. Z aplikačnej ponuky (app. menu) vybrať New a potom režim práce Drawing. 2. Pre editovanie údajov v popisnom poli výkresu rozbaliť v okne Model uzol Sheet:1 potom ISO a vybrať položku Field Text. 3. Z karty Place Views vybrať príkaz Base z panela Create. Definovať parametre v dialógovom okne Drawing View. 4. Vybrať nárys a jeho mierku, potom ho umiestniť na plochu výkresu. 5. Následne vybrať umiestnenie pre ostatné pohľady. Pravým tlačidlom myši vybrať príkaz Create, čím sa vykreslia všetky pohľady. Pozn.: Kóty pre jednotlivé pohľady zobrazíme stlačením pravého tlačidla myši a voľbou Retrieve Dimensions. Jednotlivé kóty môžeme dodatočne zmazať označením a stlačením tlačidla klávesnice Delete. Kóty sa pridávajú v karte Annotate nástrojom Dimension. 56

57 Inventor VBA API Úvod 57

58 VBA API When deciding which method to use when programming Autodesk Inventor, there are a few advantages of using VBA to consider. First, VBA is delivered with Autodesk Inventor and does not require you to purchase an additional programming language. Second, you are able to embed programs within Autodesk Inventor documents. If you have a program that is data-specific, this is a convenient way to keep the program with the data it is designed to use. Third, VBA runs in the same process as Autodesk Inventor so you gain the performance advantages of being in the same process. 58

59 Inventor VBA Projects Autodesk Inventor macros can be stored in three places. A macro can be: Embedded in a document documment project. Defined in a default VBA project application project. Defined in an external VBA project user project. External Create a new VBA project: Tools > VBA Editor... The VBA IDE (Integrated Development Environment) displays. 59

60 VBA aplikácia (makro) VBA IDE je súčasťou CAD systému Inventor. Programy možno vkladať do dokumentov Inventora alebo oddelených súborov. Dostupná úplná funkcionalita (okrem špecifík prístupu k prídavným Add-In modulom). Aplikácia beží v identickom pamäťovom priestore ako Inventor (In-Process App). 60

61 VBA - základné pojmy Udalosťami riadené (event-driven) programovanie Objektovo orientované programovanie - properties, methods, events Vizuálny vývoj aplikácie Projekt Modul Formulár (Form) - okno zobrazené pri behu aplikácie Ovládacie prvky (Controls) prvky GUI Funkcia, procedúra Objekt je v terminológii jazyka VBA spojenie údajov a programového kódu. Objekt je napr. formulár alebo ovládací prvok. Každý objekt má svoje vlastnosti, metódy a udalosti. Vlastnosti sú charakteristiky objektu. Metódy sú akcie, ktoré objekt môže vykonať. 61

62 Inventor VBA Integrované vývojové prostredie 62

63 Štart VBA editora z prostredia Inventora 63

64 VBA: Inventor nemá zavedený žiadny dokument, potom je k dispozícii len aplikačný projekt default.ivb 64

65 VBA: Po zavedení dokumentu je k dispozícii aj dokumentový projekt. 65

66 Inventor 11 - New User Project VBA IDE zavedenie nového používateľského projektu 66

67 Inventor 11 User Project VBA IDE po zavedení nového používateľského projektu 67

68 Hlavné okno aplikácie (Form) Návrh používateľského rozhrania v dizajnérskom režime Ovládacie prvky (Controls) 68

69 Návrh používateľského rozhrania (pr.). 69

70 Inventor 11 Object Browser Object browser (F2) 70

71 Zobrazenie obsahu v režime View Code 71

72 Inventor API objektový diagram - časť How to access the Application Object in Inventor VBA? You can use the ThisApplication shortcut. 72

73 Object Browser The Object Browser is Object Model Tool. The Object Browser provides a user-interface to the contents of the type library. (Object Model). In VBA the Object Browser is accessed using the F2 function key. It is also the Object Browser command in the View menu. 73

74 Inventor VBA Stručný opis jazyka 74

75 Údajové typy Údajový typ Veľkosť pamäte Rozsah Byte 1 bajt 0 až 255 Boolean 2 bajty True alebo False Integer 2 bajty až Long 4 bajty až Single (FP s jednoduchou presnosťou) 4 bajty -3,402823E38 až 1,401298E-45 pre záporné 1,401298E-45 až 3,402823E38 pre kladné Double 8 bajtov -1, E308 až -4, E-324 4, E-324 až 1, E308 Currency 8 bajtov ,5808 až ,5807 Decimal 14 bajtov +/ bez des. čiarky +/- 7, miest +/- 0, najmenšie č. rôzne od 0 Date 8 bajtov do Object 4 bajty Odkaz na objekt String (pevná dĺžka) Dĺžka reťazca Od 1 do cca String (premenlivá dl.) 10 bajtov+dl. reťazca Od 0 do cca 2 miliárd Variant (čísla) 16 bajtov Číselná hodnota v rozsahu double Variant (znaky) 22 bajtov+dl. reťazca Rovnaký ako string s premenlivou dĺžkou Type Potrebný počet Rozsah používateľského prvku zodpovedá jeho dát. typu 75

76 Aritmetické Operátory ^ - umocnenie vysledok = cislo^exponent * - násobenie vysledok = cislo1*cislo2 / - delenie \ - celočíselné delenie Mod - zvyšok po celočíselnom delení +, - - sčítanie, odčítanie Relačné < a > - menší a väčší než <= a >= <> - rôzny = Is - porovnanie odkazov na objekty Like - porovnanie dvoch reťazcov Spojovacie & - vynútené spojenie reťazcov dvoch výrazov + - spojenie dvoch výrazov (aspoň jeden je typu string) vysledok = vyraz1+vyraz2 Logické And, Eqv, Imp, Not, Or, Xor Prevod reťazca na číslo: Pi = Val( ) 76

77 Konštanty a premenné Spôsoby deklarácie premenných v VBA: explicitne implicitne Const Pi = 3.14 Explicitná deklarácia sa zapisuje pred použitím premennej, spravidla na začiatku procedúry. Deklarácia začína kľúčovým slovom DIM. V deklarácii môžeme uviesť údajový typ premennej. Ak neuvedieme typ, potom sa použije implicitne typ Variant. Dim strmeno As String Pri implicitnej deklarácii sa neuvádza kl. slovo DIM. Premennú priamo použijeme v programe. Výhoda: kratší zápis. Nevýhoda: preklep v mene premennej nebude identifikovaný ako chyba, ale nová deklarácia. strmeno = Jozef 77

78 If...Then...Else Jednoriadková syntax Rozhodovacie štruktúry (vetvenie programu) If podmienka Then prikaz1 [:prikazn] Else elseprikaz1 [:elseprikazn] Viacriadková syntax If podmienka Then [prikazy] [ElseIf podmienkan Then [elseifprikazy] [Else [elseprikazy]] End If Ak podmienka obsahuje hodnotu Null, potom sa vyhodnotí ako False. Select Case Select Case testovany_vyraz [Case zoznam_vyrazovn [prikazyn]] [Case Else [elseprikazy]] End Select 78

79 If Then Jednoriadková a viacriadková syntax pr. Sub NastavHod() dblhodnova = ThisDrawing.Utility.GetReal( Zadaj číslo: ) If dblhodstara < dblhodnova Then dblhodstara = dblhodnova End Sub Sub NastavHod() hnova = ThisDrawing.Utility.GetReal( Zadaj číslo: ) If hstara < hnova Then hstara = hnova dalsie prikazy End If End Sub 79

80 If Then ElseIf pr. Function nastavfarbu(typgrafobjektu) If typgrafobjektu = 1 Then farbaobjektu = Red ElseIf typgrafobjektu = 2 Then farbaobjektu = Green ElseIf typgrafobjektu = 3 Then farbaobjektu = Blue Else farbaobjektu = White End If End Function 80

81 Štruktúra Select Case (prepínač) pr. Function nastavfarbu(typgrafobjektu) Select Case typgrafobjektu Case 1 farbaobjekttu = Red Case 2 farbaobjektu = Green Case 3,4 farbaobjektu = Blue Case 5 To 10 farbaobjektu = Yellow Case Is>1 farbaobjektu = White Case Else farbaobjektu = Black End Select End Function 81

82 Cykly (opakovanie časti kódu) For Next For citac = zaciatok To koniec [Step krok] [prikazy] [Exit For] [prikazy] Next [citac] Pevný počet opakovaní Opakovanie pokiaľ je podmienka = True Do Opakovanie pokiaľ sa nesplní podmienka Do [{While Until} podmienka] [prikazy] [Exit Do] [prikazy] Loop Do [prikazy] [Exit Do] [prikazy] Loop [{While Until} podmienka] 82

83 Vnorené cykly For... Next For I = 1 To 10 For J = 1 To 10 For K = 1 To Next K Next J Next I 83

84 Cyklus For Next Sub Pip() For x = 1 To 10 Beep Next x End Sub 84

85 Cyklus For Each Next Cyklické spracovanie všetkých prvkov poľa a nastavenie ich hodnoty na hodnotu premennej cyklu. Dim TestPole(10) As String, I As Variant For Each I In TestPole TestPole(I) = I Next I 85

86 Moduly a procedúry Program (VBA aplikácia): moduly, formuláre, procedúry Štandardný modul: modul kódu, obsahuje premenné a procedúry (.bas) Procedúry: Function, Sub Pozn.: Function: skupina príkazov zapísaná v štandardom module [Public Private] [Static] Function meno [(zoznamarg)] [As type] [prikazy] [meno=vyraz] End Function Sub: nevracia do volajúceho programu žiadnu hodnotu [Public Private] [Static] Sub meno [(zoznamarg)] [prikazy] Procedúry vlastností v programe vytvárajú používateľom definované vlastnosti a ďalej s nimi manipulujú. End Sub Umožňujú ďalšie prispôsobenie existujúcich ovládacích prvkov jazyka Visual Basic a rozširujú jazyk o nové objekty, vlastnosti 86 a metódy.

87 Subroutine and Macro A subroutine contains code to perform a specific task and can be called from other code. To be recognized as a macro, a subroutine must be public. The subroutine code is typed into the area before the End Sub statement. The parentheses at the end of the subroutine declaration can contain arguments that are passed to (and can be returned from) the subroutine. To be recognized as a macro, the subroutine must have no arguments. An example of a subroutine with arguments: Public Sub AddTwo (Int1 as Integer,Int2 as Integer, Ans as Integer) Ans = Int1 + Int2 End Sub Other program code could call this subroutine using the following syntax: Call AddTwo (5, 6, MyAns) 87

88 Inventor VBA Code Snippets 88

89 Konvencie pre tvorbu mien ovládacích prvkov používateľského rozhrania Odporúčania pre lepšiu čitateľnosť kódu VBA doesn t care what the names of the controls are as long as they are unique, but it makes your code more readable and easier to write by following these conventions, but it s up to you. Command button Text box Combo box Label List box Check box Option button Image control Form cmd txt cbo lbl lst chk opt img frm

90 Konvencie pre označenie typu premennej prefixvyznamovemeno prefix - tri znaky udávajúce údajový typ premennej VyznamoveMeno - mnemotechnicke pomenovanie premennej Údajový typ Prefix Príklad Boolean bln blnitemproc Byte byt bytitemalloc Currency cur cureurodan Date dat datprojkomp Double dbl dblpntinsert Integer int intmojecislo Long lng lngdlhecis Object obj objacaddoc Single sng sngjednhod String str stratribrepl User-defined type udt udtemprek Variant var varpntdaj 90

91 Konvencie pre mená externých objektov prefixvyznamovemeno Odporúča sa konvencia firmy Microsoft: pre meno objektu uviesť dvojpísmenný prefix aplikácie (xl-excel, ac-autocad a pod.) Pr. pre premennú aplikácie Excel Dim xlapp As Excel.Application Pr. pre premennú aplikácie AutoCAD Dim acnewdoc As Acad.Document 91

92 Generická definícia mena objektu Zlúčením oboch konvencií a generickou definíciou mena objektu dostaneme napr: Dim ObjXlApp As Object pre označenie premennej typu Object v aplikácii Excel Dim ObjAcApp As Object pre označenie premennej typu Object v aplikácii ACAD Viac slovné mená spojíme dohromady a prvé písmená slov sú veľké. 92

93 Konvencie pre označenie rozsahu platnosti Rozsah Prefix Príklad Modul m mstraktcesta Globálny g gstraktcesta Premenná typu pole Dim mstrpoletext( ) As String 93

94 Výpis správy v okne Public Sub AhojVBA() MsgBox "Ahoj Inventor VBA." End Sub

95 Zobrazenie a zmena titulku aplikačného okna Public Sub ZmenaTitulkuApp() Zobrazenie obsahu titulku aplikačného okna cez vlastnosť Caption MsgBox ThisApplication.Caption Zmena obsahu titulku ThisApplication.Caption = "Môj titulok" End Sub 95

96 Výpis dátumu Sub ShowDate(InDate As Date) MsgBox Format(InDate, "dddd, mmm d, yyyy") End Sub 96

97 Výpis dátumu a jeho inkrementácia s volaním argumentu odkazom Sub ShowDate2(InDate As Date) MsgBox Format(InDate, "dddd, mmm d, yyyy") InDate = DateAdd("d", 1, InDate) End Sub 97

98 Výpis dátumu a jeho inkrementácia s volaním argumerntu hodnotou Sub ShowDate(ByVal InDate As Date) MsgBox Format(InDate, "dddd, mmm d, yyyy") End Sub 98

99 Procedúra s volaním argumentov odkazom a hodnotou Sub GetEngineInfo(ByVal EngineName As String, HorsePower As Integer, _ Cylinders As Integer, CCs As Double, Torque As Double) Select Case EngineName Case "Ford 250" HorsePower = 250 Cylinders = 6 CCs = 50 Torque = 950 Case "Ford 350" HorsePower = 350 Cylinders = 8 CCs = 75 Torque = 1350 End Select End Sub 99

100 Internetové zdroje Inventor API Training - Lesson 1 Getting Started with Inventor VBA Autodesk Inventor Programming Fundamentals with iproperties CAD Fórum výukové materiály CAD Studio (cz) 100

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