VMware vsphere. 零壹科技 Josh.wang VMware Inc. All rights reserved

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1 VMware vsphere 零壹科技 Josh.wang 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

2 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 09. High Availability 02. ESXi 10. Fault Tolerance 03. vcenter 11. DRS / DPM 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 12 vcenter Management 05. Virtual Machine Management 13. Others 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion S-2

3 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-3

4 伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念 虛擬化前 : 每台主機一個操作系統 軟體硬體緊密地結合 在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會遭遇衝突 未充分利用系統的資源 硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活 虛擬化後 : 打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性 (Breaking Hardware/OS dependency) 透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術, 管理操作系統和應用程式化成單一的個體 (Encapsulation) 強大的故障和安全隔離 (Isolation) 虛擬機是硬體獨立的, 它們能在任何硬體上運行 (Hardware independent) S-4

5 實際客戶機房環境 S-5

6 使用虛擬化完美達成伺服器集中整合 200 部實體伺服器 單一機架 10 部 VMware 主機 S-6

7 客戶為什麼要使用虛擬化? 1. 綠能 / 環保潮流 : IT 之硬體設備約占資料中心電力消耗的 30% 至 40% 2. 消除硬體邊界透過虛擬化 consolidation 可整合企業內已經投資的硬體設備 3. 降低每年採購的成本虛擬化後所使用的資源便可共同享用, 採購於不需要的硬體設備上便可逐年降低, 不造成浪費 4. 提高使用效率虛擬技術解決了資源 / 空間使用的浪費, 它把系統中各個分散的資源整合起來, 企業幾乎可以 100% 地這些資源 5. 更容易做到災難備援高可用架構, 異質主機備援, 無間斷資料轉移 S-7

8 vsphere Components vsphere is a distributed software system with features enabled by a management server and hypervisor working together VMware vcenter Server is the management server and cluster coordinator (1 instance required) VMware ESXi is the hypervisor software running on each host (1 instance per server required) VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi vsphere editions are the licensed features enabled by vcenter Server working with ESXi S-8 8

9 雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服 Application s Performance Requirements 95% of Apps Require ESX 1 ESX 2 VMware Inf. 3.0/3.5 VMware vsphere 4 VMware vsphere 5.5 CPU 1 to 2 CPUs 1 VCPUs 2 VCPUs 4 VCPUs 8 VCPUs 64VCPUs % of Applications Memory Network IOPS < 4 GB at peak <2.4 Mb/s < 10,000 2 GB per VM <.5Gb/s <5, GB per VM.9 Gb/s 7,000 16/64 GB per VM 9 Gb/s 100, GB per VM 30 Gb/s 300,000 1,000 GB per VM >40Gb/s 1,000,000/VM S-9

10 vsphere 的最新內容 單一登入 (vcd vshield vcenter) vsphere Web Client vcenter Server 5.5 增強的 vcenter Orchestrator Data Protection vsphere Replication vmotion 不含共用儲存裝置 VMware Tools 的零停機時間升級 vshield Endpoint Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存使用 VCD 增強的 Auto Deploy 可用性 安全性 自動化 VMware vsphere 5.5 運算 儲存裝置 網路 硬體第 9 版 64 向 SMP 1 TB 虛擬機 VDI 的儲存裝置空間資源取回 增強的分散式交換器 SR-IOV 支援 S-10

11 vsphere Kits and Editions S-11

12 vsphere 版本系列 :Enterprise vsphere 的新功能或改進功能 Standard Enterprise Enterprise+ 使用權限 vram 使用權限無限制 無限制 無限制 vcpu/ 虛擬機 8 向 32 向 64 向 功能 High Availability Data Protection vmotion Hot Add vshield Zones Fault Tolerance (1 vcpu) Storage vmotion 虛擬序列連接埠集中器 陣列整合的儲存 API 多重路徑 Distributed Resource Scheduler 和 Distributed Power Management 分散式交換器 I/O 控制 ( 網路與儲存裝置 ) 主機設定檔與自動部署 Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存 SR-IOV vshield Endpoint vsphere Replication S-12 所有版本包括 :Thin Provisioning Update Manager Storage API for Data Protection Image Profile, 以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外 )

13 vsphere 版本系列 :SMB vsphere 的新功能或改進功能 Essentials Essentials+ Standard Standard ( 搭載 Operations Management) 使用權限 vram 使用權限 無限制無限制 無限制 無限制 vcpu/ 虛擬機 8 向 8 向 8 向 8 向 功能 High Availability Data Protection vmotion vsphere Storage Appliance Hot Add vshield Zones Fault Tolerance (1 vcpu) Storage vmotion 虛擬序列連接埠集中器 陣列整合的儲存 API 多重路徑 Distributed Resource Scheduler & DPM 分散式交換器 I/O 控制 ( 網路與儲存裝置 ) 主機設定檔與自動部署 Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存 SR-IOV vshield Endpoint vsphere Replication vcops Advanced S-13 vcenter Protect 所有版本包括 :Thin Provisioning Update Manager Storage API for Data Protection Image Profile, 以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外 )

14 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-14

15 VMware Infrastructure 業界第一虛擬平台 VMware 多個虛擬機之間實现 CPU 和記憶體分區 Dynamic Resource Scheduling High Availability VirtualCenter Virtual Machines Consolidated Back-up 虛擬機儲存在內建或共享儲存設備,VMFS 叢集文件系統 ESX Server ESX Server ESX Server ESX Server Server Farm ESX Server ESX Server ESX Server 在 ESX 伺服器内或跨 ESX 伺服器建立網路支持 Teaming, VLAN Network Storage S-15

16 VMware vsphere Architecture vsphere Client vcenter Converter plug-in Update Manager plug-in vcenter Database Datastores vcenter Server vcenter Linked Mode Cluster ESX/ESXi Host vsphere Web Client (Browser)* vsphere Management Assistant (vma) vsphere CLI vsphere PowerCLI vcenter Database Update Manager Database vcenter Server vcenter Orchestrator vcenter Converter Guided Consolidation Update Manager Datacenter Datastores S-16

17 VMware vsphere Components ESXi Host Hypervisor running VMs Organized into clusters Accesses shared storage datastores Datastores ESXi Host Cluster S-17

18 ESXi Hardware Requirements Supported server platform. For a list of supported platforms, see the VMware Compatibility Guide at : ESXi 5.0 will install and run only on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs. ESXi 5.0 requires a host machine with at least two cores. Known 64-bit processors : All AMD Opteron processors. All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400, 5500/5600, 7100/7300, 7200/7400, and 7500 processors 2GB RAM minimum. Provide at least 8GB of RAM to take full advantage of ESXi features and run virtual machines in typical production environments. One or more Gigabit or 10Gb Ethernet controllers. S-18

19 How to Upgrade vsphere 1. Upgrade to vcenter Server 5 2. Upgrade to Update Manager 5 3. Install vsphere Client 5.and Install Update Manager Plug-In 4. Use Upgrade Manager to Update to ESXi Upgrade VMFS3 Datastore to VMFS5 Datastore 6. Upgrade Virtual Machine Hardware 8 7. Upgrade VMware Tools S-19

20 ESXi Console S-20

21 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-21

22 VMware vsphere Components vcenter Server Centralized manager of ESX/ESXi hosts Runs as Windows services on physical or virtual server Connects with: vcenter database (SQL Server or Oracle) Windows Active Directory (required for Linked Mode) Integrates with optional server/client plug-ins vcenter Database vcenter Server vcenter Orchestrator vcenter Converter Guided Consolidation Update Manager S-22

23 vsphere Components on DVD S-23

24 單一登入 簡介 在 vcenter Server 中單次登入而非多次登入 vcenter vco 監視清單服務 vsphere 網路用戶端 vsphere 解決方案 優勢 授權 驗證 ( 單一登入 ) 稽核 vsphere 平台服務 更快速的操作 較不複雜 Active Directory 開放 LDAP NIS 本機作業系統使用者 客戶身分資源 多重身分服務的支援 適合其他 VMware 的未來基本建構元件產品和解決方案 S-24

25 vcenter Server Login Experience? 不再需要輸入 vcenter Users connect to Identity Service for Cloud Infrastructure Suite, not individual vcenter s. Connect from any site Identity service instances are multi site aware. S-25

26 Configuring vcenter Single Sign On Server S-26

27 Introducing vcenter Server Appliance The vcenter Server Appliance is the answer! Simplifies Deployment and Configuration Streamlines patching and upgrades Reduces the TCO for vcenter Enables companies to respond to business faster! VMware vcenter Server Automation Visibility Scalability S-27

28 vcenter Server Appliance Deployment Simply deploy from a OVF template! Install takes ~5 minutes (compared to ~15 for Windows version) S-28

29 New Features in the VCVA A few new features have been added to the vcenter Server Virtual Appliance These can be seen in the vcenter Server Tab in the Summary section The following components can be configured Database SSO Ports Authentication Services S-29

30 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-30

31 VMware vsphere Components vsphere Client Primary interface for administration Runs locally on a Windows machine Connects to vcenter Server or directly to an ESX/ESXi host vsphere Client S-31

32 VMware vsphere Client Modes Connect to vcenter Server Global view Centralized Windows user credentials vsphere objects and functionality Connect to Individual ESX/ESXi Host Per-host view ESX/ESXi host-specific user credentials S-32

33 VMware vsphere Client Home Menu S-33

34 Inventory: Hosts and Clusters vcenter Server Visible from vcenter Inventory only Folder Datacenter Cluster - Host - VM - vapp - VM - VM - Resource pool - VM - VM Top Level Folder Datacenter Cluster Host Resource Pool Virtual Machine (VM) vapp vcenter Server S-34

35 Inventory: VMs and Templates vcenter Server Folder Datacenter Folder - VM - vapp - VM - VM - Template VM Top Level Folder Datacenter Folder VM vapp Template Visible from vcenter Inventory only vcenter Server S-35

36 Inventory: Datastores vcenter Server Folder Datacenter Datastore Visible from vcenter Inventory only Top Level vcenter Server Folder Datacenter Datastore S-36

37 Inventory: Networking vcenter Server Folder Datacenter Distributed Virtual Switch - dvswitch PortGroups - dvswitch Uplinks vswitch Visible from vcenter Inventory only Top Level vcenter Server Folder Datacenter Distributed Virtual Switch dvportgroup dvswitch Uplink vswitch S-37

38 網路用戶端 Object Navigator Inventory Objects 標籤 建立自訂動作 簡介 vsphere 的全新改良介面, 能提供 : 瀏覽器介面的使用體驗 自訂加註標籤 延展性 增強的工作流程管理 優勢 平台獨立性 以特定商務案例為基礎的標記 新增按右鍵延伸功能 Portlet 側邊列延伸功能 管理更多物件以及相較於以往 3 倍以上的作用中工作階段 即使在最複雜的工作流程或工作中, 也能暫停和恢復 S-38

39 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-39

40 vsphere Virtual Machine Updates Description 64 vcpus per VM Virtual GPU (vgpu) Guest OS Storage Reclamation Benefits Virtualize large workloads with confidence Run high performance 3D graphics apps in VMs / VDI Reduce cost per VDI desktop Greater storage efficiency Continue to leverage latest CPU HW acceleration features to deliver highest performance Improved CPU virtualization 64 vcpus 1TB RAM Reclaim storage space from deleted files Hardware 3D graphics support S-40

41 Virtual Machine Creation When you create a New Virtual Machine, adding Network Adapters honour these MAC Address Allocation types In our example we have used Prefix-based allocation type Automatic MAC Address Manual MAC Address S-41

42 Virtual Motherboard of a VM Up to 4 IDE Devices USB Audio (N/A) Up to 3 Parallel Ports Up to 4 Serial Ports Virtual Phoenix BIOS Intel 440BX-Based Virtual Motherboard Up to MB Floppy Drives Up to 40 VM Consoles Up to 1024GB Memory Up to 32 CPUs Up to 4 SCSI Controllers With Up to 15 Devices Each Up to 2TB SCSI Disk Up to 10 Network Adapters S-42

43 Key VMware vsphere Features Hot Add Virtual Devices Hot add CPU Memory Hot add or remove Storage devices Network devices S-43

44 New Virtual Machine Configuration Typical or custom Name and Location Resource Pool Datastore Guest Operating System Create a Disk Ready to Complete S-44

45 Custom VM Configuration Options Virtual Machine Version Version 7 or 8 Devices CPU (number) Memory (MB) Network Number, virtual network, connect at power on Disk SCSI controller Select or create a virtual disk Advanced disk options S-45

46 Edit Settings of a Virtual Machine Hardware Memory CPUs Video card VMCI device Floppy drive CD/DVD drive Network adapter SCSI controller Hard disk Options General vapp options VMware Tools Power management Advanced Resources S-46

47 Installing a Guest Operating System Install Guest OS Media options Client device Host device Datastore ISO/floppy image file PXE client network boot Power on and install Install VMware Tools Optimized drivers Install in running Guest OS S-47

48 vsphere - VMware Tools Updates Upgrade VMware Tools with reduced downtime Improved driver management allows for fewer VM reboots when upgrading Windows Guest Only (Vista and later) running with default configuration Note: - Upgrading to VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot required - Upgrading beyond VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot not required S-48

49 VM Console Administrative KVM Access Console has a single unique session Multiple sessions share video and control Closing/exiting VM console does not power off VM S-49

50 Virtual Machine Power Options Power Power On Power Off Suspend Reset Integration with VMware Tools Power Off = Shut Down Guest S-50

51 VM Snapshot Point-in-Time VM State Capture Hard disks (all) VM settings Memory (optional) Snapshot Actions Take Revert Go to Delete S-51

52 Clone Copy an Existing VM or vapp Copies exactly by default Option to customize Guest OS VMs can be powered on vapp must be powered off S-52

53 Template Master to Provision New VMs Used to deploy many new VMs VM that cannot be powered on Option to customize Guest OS Creating Templates VM: clone to template VM: convert to template Existing template: clone Updating Templates Convert to VM, update, then convert to template S-53

54 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-54

55 Virtual Networking Standard Virtual Switch (vswitch) Defined within host Connects to physical adapter(s) 0, 1, 2 or more uplinks (up to 32) Active or standby Virtual machine Port group Virtual machine Network VMkernel Port Management VMotion, iscsi, NFS,FT Port Groups Virtual Machine Port Group VMkernel Port View within single host Virtual Switch Physical Adapters vmnic0 Supports VLAN tagging vmnic1 S-55

56 分散式交換器 簡介 分散式交換器現在提供 : 網路健康檢查 組態備份與還原 回復及復原 LACP 支援 vsphere vsphere vsphere 優勢 對實體及虛擬網路狀態的可見性 備份與復原網路設定 從失去的連線或不正確的組態設定中快速復原 S-56

57 SR-IOV 讓網路 I/O 存取不再經由 ESXi VM I/O 存取更有效率 須搭配實體設備做設定 S-57

58 內建安全管理設定 S-58

59 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-59

60 vstorage Thin Provisioning vcompute vstorage vnetwork 虛擬磁碟 資料儲存區 應用程式作業系統 20GB 應用程式作業系統 ESX 應用程式作業系統 強力 精簡 精簡 20GB 40GB 100GB 20GB 100GB 40GB 虛擬機磁碟只會佔用使用中的實體空間虛擬機隨時都能檢視完整的邏輯磁碟大小完整報告和警示資源配置和消耗量大幅提高儲存裝置使用率不需超額佈建虛擬磁碟削減高達 50% 的儲存裝置成本 60GB 20GB S-60

61 使用 VMFS 建立有效的儲存抽象層 vcompute vstorage vnetwork 應用程式作業系統 應用程式作業系統 ESX 應用程式作業系統 不停機擴充虛擬磁碟 線上擴充虛擬磁碟 回應迅速, 不停機就能擴充需求 擴充 8G 的虛擬磁碟 加入新的虛擬磁碟 虛擬磁碟 20GB 20GB 擴充 10G 的虛擬磁碟 增加 VMFS 磁區大小 資料儲存區 40GB 資料儲存區不變 VMFS 磁區增加以擴大資料儲存區 VMFS 磁區增加以擴大資料儲存區 在建立 VMFS 磁區的 LUN 上擴充磁區 協助增加更多的虛擬機到現有的磁區 協助虛擬機因應資料成長 LUN 100GB 提高彈性來簡化資源規劃 S-61

62 Virtual Storage VMFS Datastore Shared VM file system Block-level access by ESX/ESXi Supported devices Local disk (not shared storage) Fibre Channel SAN iscsi SAN - HBA - ESX/ESXi software initiator via VMkernel network port Formats.vmdk RDM (raw device mapping) to underlying LUN S-62

63 Virtual Storage NFS Datastore Shared directory on NFS server File-level access by ESX/ESXi Limitations No RDM S-63

64 I/O 共用問題 低優先順序 VM 可能限制高優先順序 VM 的 I/O 頻寬 儲存 I/O 分配應與 VM 優先順序相符 現況 期望狀況 線上儲存區 Microsoft Exchange 資料探勘 線上儲存區 Microsoft Exchange 資料探勘 資料儲存區 資料儲存區 S-64

65 啟用儲存 I/O 控制 儲存 I/O 控制已啟用 S-65

66 儲存 I/O 控制實例 : 兩台 Windows VM 在兩台主機上執行 SQL Server 250 GB 資料磁碟 50 GB 記錄磁碟 VM1:500 權重 VM2:2000 權重 結果 : 權重較多的 VM2 每分鐘處理的程序較多, 而且較少延遲! 無儲存 I/O 控制 有儲存 I/O 控制 程序 / 每分鐘處理時間 ( 毫秒 ) 程序 / 每分鐘處理時間 ( 毫秒 ) VM1 (500 權重 ) VM2 (2000 權重 ) 綜合 S-66

67 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-67

68 VMotion 動態遷移 VMotion 可線上不中斷主機服務將虛擬機器從其中一台 ESX 主機轉移到另一台 此技術可應用在其他備援技術 Fault Tolerance Storage VMotion DRS and DPM S-68

69 vmotion ( 不需共用儲存設備 ) 簡介 不需要共用儲存裝置的虛擬機即時移轉 為自動化虛擬機的移動作業擴充 VMware 的革新技術 優勢 零停機時間移轉作業 對共用儲存無依賴性 低作業成本 協助達成服務層級及效能 SLA S-69

70 vmotion Requirements Hosts have supported CPUs Same vendor and similar instruction sets Optional Enhanced vmotion Compatibility (EVC) for newer hosts Gigabit VMkernel network between hosts VM not tied to host Not connected to host device Not connected to host internal-only vswitch Not using VMware DirectPath for network or storage device vsphere 4.1 Improvements 4 concurrent vmotion migrations over 1 Gbps network 8 concurrent vmotion migrations over 10 Gbps network S-70

71 透過 Enhanced vmotion Compatibility (EVC) 讓不同世代的處理器可以相容 Intel EVC Cluster App OS Intel Core 2 VM ESX Intel Core 2 CPU ESX Intel Core 2 45nm CPU ESX Future Intel CPU AMD EVC Cluster App OS Opteron Rev E VM ESX AMD Rev E CPU ESX AMD Barcelona CPU ESX Future AMD CPU S-71

72 Storage VMotion 可線上跨 Storage 搬移虛擬機器檔案 虛擬機器不停機 LUN independent 支援 Fibre channel SANs 最小化因為 storage 因素停機的風險 使用 Vmotion 與 Storage VMotion 透過完整的零停機管理解決方案 S-72

73 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-73

74 High Availability 經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案 X Resource Pool 功能 當伺服器故障時, 自動重新啟動虛擬機 優勢 經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用 不需要獨占的 stand-by 硬體 没有叢集軟體的成本和複雜性 S-74

75 vsphere HA Primary Components Every host runs an agent. Referred to as FDM or Fault Domain Manager One of the agents within the cluster is chosen to assume the role of the Master There is only one Master per cluster during normal operations ESX 01 ESX 03 All other agents assume the role of Slaves There is no more Primary/Secondary concept with vsphere HA ESX 02 ESX 04 vcenter S-75

76 Storage-Level Communications One of the most exciting new features of vsphere HA is its ability to use a storage subsystem for communication. The datastores used for this are referred to as Heartbeat Datastores. This provides for increased communication redundancy. Heartbeat datastores are used as a communication channel only when the management network is lost - such as in the case of isolation or network partitioning. ESX 01 ESX 03 ESX 02 ESX 04 S-76

77 UI Changes S-77

78 UI Changes Cluster Summary Screen Advanced Runtime Info Cluster Status Configuration Issues Cluster Hosts tab VM Summary: HA Protection Cluster Configuration: Datastore Heartbeating Admission Control: Failover Host(s) S-78

79 UI Changes Cluster Summary Screen Advanced Runtime Info Cluster Status Configuration Issues Cluster Hosts tab VM Summary: HA Protection Cluster Configuration: Datastore Heartbeating Admission Control: Failover Host(s) S-79

80 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-80

81 Key VMware vsphere Features Fault Tolerance (FT) 主機故障時零停機保護 被保護的 VM 會在別台主機產生一台 shadow VM 隨時和主要 VM 保持資料 SYNC Failover 後會在自動複製一台 shadow VM FT 需求限制 Hosts enabled for Hardware Virtualization in BIOS Hosts must be in HA cluster Dedicated gigabit VMkernel network for FT APP OS APP OS VMware vsphere APP OS S-81

82 Fault Tolerance Limitations No VM snapshot No thin provisioned disk or RDM in physical compatibility mode No connected host devices or VM DirectPath I/O devices VM cannot be migrated using Storage vmotion No hot add device support No Nested Page Tables/Extended Page Tables (NPT/EPT) No NPIV VM cannot be clustered using MSCS No paravirtualized guest OS S-82

83 Enable Fault Tolerance S-83

84 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-84

85 Key VMware vsphere Features DRS Automated load balancing DPM Optionally consolidate VMs onto fewer hosts and power off/on hosts as needed S-85

86 DRS Clusters Load Balancing of VMs Intelligence Initial placement when powering on VM Which VMs to migrate and to where Automation levels Fully automated VM placement and migration - Migration thresholds conservative to aggressive Partially automated VM placement only, migration recommendation Manual recommendations only Rules Affinity and anti-affinity (keep VMs together or apart if same host) Host Affinity Rules VMs can be restricted to specific hosts within a cluster VM-VM anti-affinity rules can now incorporate more than two VMs S-86

87 DRS Roules S-87

88 DRS 主機關聯 必要規則 規則執行 :2 個選項 偏好規則 必要 :DRS/HA 永遠不會違反此規則, 如果手動違反將導致事件 僅建議執行 ISA 應用程式的主機式授權 偏好規則 :DRS/HA 可能會因容錯轉移或維護可用性, 而違反此規則 S-88

89 DRS Clusters DPM Power savings Consolidate VMs onto fewer hosts Power off unnecessary hosts Power on hosts using Wake-on-LAN, IPMI, or ilo as needed Automation levels Automatic hosts powered off and on as needed Manual recommendations only Off Thresholds conservative to aggressive Can be enabled or disabled by a scheduled task Disabling DPM brings all hosts in the cluster out of Standby mode S-89

90 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-90

91 Permissions integrate LDAP vcenter Server Visible from vcenter Server Inventory only Folder Datacenter Cluster Top Level Folder VC5-01 vcenter Server - Host - VM - vapp Datacenter Cluster Host - VM Resource Pool - VM - Resource pool Virtual Machine (VM) vapp - VM - VM S-91

92 Scheduled Tasks vcenter Activities Change power state of VM Clone a VM Deploy a VM Migrate a VM Create a VM Initiate a VM snapshot Add host Change power state of host Change resource settings of resource pool or VM Check compliance of a Host Profile Run once in future or recurring Requires vcenter Server S-92

93 vcenter Resource Allocate Root Resource Pool Total CPU: MHz Total Memory: 3000 MB **200 MHz used by Retail** Retail Reservation: 3000 MHz Expandable Reservation: Yes **Full Reservation Used** ecommerce App Reservation: 1200 MHz Expandable? Yes ecommerce Web Reservation: 1000 MHz Expandable? Yes VM3 R=500 VM4 R=500 VM1 R=400 VM2 R=300 VM5 R=500 VM6 R=500 VM7 R=500 S-93

94 vapp Logical Group of VMs Manage multiple VMs as a single entity Specify power-on order of VMs S-94

95 Monitoring Alarms Triggers Condition/state (VM, host, datastore) - Is equal to / is not equal to - Is above / is below Event (vcenter objects) Trigger thresholds Normal green Warning yellow Alert red Requires vcenter Server S-95

96 Monitoring Alarm Actions Send a notification via SMTP or SNMP notification trap Run a command/script (on vcenter Server) Enter/exit maintenance/standby mode for host Power on/off/reset, suspend/resume, reboot/shutdown guest, or migrate VM Requires vcenter Server S-96

97 vcenter Management S-97

98 Monitoring Performance Charts CPU, disk, memory, network, system Real-time, past day, week, month, year, custom By VM, host, cluster, management agent S-98

99 Monitoring Tasks & Events (History) User initiated System: info, warning, error Requires vcenter Server S-99

100 Maps Inventory Maps Hosts VMs Networks Datastores Fault Tolerance relationships VMotion Resource Maps Per VM Requires vcenter Server S-100

101 Agenda vsphere Welcome 01. Virtualization 02. ESXi 03. vcenter 04. vsphere Client / Web Client 05. Virtual Machine Management 06. Networking 07. vstorage 08. vmotion / Storage vmotion 09. High Availability 10. Fault Tolerance 11. DRS / DPM 12 vcenter Management 13. Others S-101

102 vsphere Data Protection 簡介 vsphere backup and recovery VDP Replace vsphere Data Recovery Base on EMC Avamar VMware vsphere 優勢 刪除重複資料並儲存在 VDP 上應用裝置 By deduplication Simple install & Management Authentic Technology S-102 * 所有版本和套件, 但 Essentials 版本除外

103 Create Backup Job Select objects - containers (data center, folder, clusters, etc.) and individual VMs S-103

104 Restoring a VM S-104

105 File Level Restore (FLR) End user file restores Use web browser Log in with local credentials Admin permissions required Select restore point Browse files Individual files and entire folders can be selected for restore S-105

106 VDP Reporting - User Interface VDP appliance capacity Success and failures at a glance List of VMs, Backup Jobs, etc. with the ability to filter Details for object S-106

107 VDP Reporting - VDP appliance capacity De-dup info Backup Jobs Summary Scroll down for details... S-107

108 vsphere Replication A 站點 ( 主要 ) 簡介 vsphere Host level replication vsphere Consist in vsphere * vsphere Replication B 站點 ( 復原 ) vsphere 優勢 Low cost/high efficiency Install in vcenter Server Integrated with SRM can provide automatic Disaster Recovery S-108 * 所有版本和套件, 但 Essentials 版本除外

109 vshield Endpoint 簡介 能在不需使用代理程式的情況下, 使用卸載的防毒和惡意程式清理 (AV) 解決方案保護您虛擬機的安全 Consist in vsphere * Simplify AV management 防範防毒風暴的可能性, 以達成更高的整合率 Enhance efficiency 優勢 S-109 * 所有版本和套件, 但 Essentials 版本除外

110 Q & A 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved