COTS Technology for High Energy Physics Instrumentation Dr. James Truchard President, CEO, and Cofounder National Instruments

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1 COTS Technology for High Energy Physics Instrumentation Dr. James Truchard President, CEO, and Cofounder National Instruments

2 Corporate Background Leaders in Computer-based Measurement and Automation Long-term Track Record of Growth and Profitability 21 % growth in Q1, 2010 More than 5,000 employees; operations in 40+ countries R&D Investment: 16% of Annual Income Fortune 100 Best Companies to Work For: 11 Consecutive Years FY 2009 Revenue: $677 Million Direct Sales Offices Distributors Revenue (Millions)

3 The National Instruments Vision To do for test and measurement what the spreadsheet did for financial analysis. Virtual Instrumentation

4 The National Instruments Vision, Evolved Graphical System Design Diagnostic & Measurement Data Acquisition Real-time Measurements Automated Test Embedded Monitoring Reconfigurable Hardware-in-the-loop Instruments Real-Time Math Industrial & Embedded Industrial Control (PAC) Machine Control Electronic Devices Code Generation To do for test and measurement what the spreadsheet did for financial analysis. To do for embedded what the PC did for the desktop.

5 Expanding Measurement Capabilities NI Products, 1995 NI Products, 2004 NI Products, 2008 Accuracy (Bits) Traditional Instruments NI Products, K 10K 100K 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G 100G Sampling Rate (S/s)

6 Graphical System Design LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT the smartest, coolest toy of the year CERN Large Hadron Collider the most powerful instrument on earth

7 Helping Advance HEP Mission Millions of Man Years of Investment in off the shelf components + Tens of Thousands of Man Years of Investment by NI in COTS Software LabVIEW RT OS support FPGA implementations Parallel, multiprocessor programming GPU targeting Linux EPICS Hardware Digitizers, ARBs, FGENs Signal Conditioning Controllers Timing devices Diverse bus support Communication protocol support

8 Diversity of Applications Reuse of Technology Telecom Automotive Semiconductors Electronics Computers ATE Military/Aerospace Advanced Research & Big Physics Petrochemical Food Processing Textiles

9 High-Level Design Models Data Flow C Code Textual Math Simulation Statechart Graphical System Design Platform Desktop Real-Time FPGA Microprocessors

10 PXI: COTS Instrumentation Platform More than 1,500 PXI Products from More than 70 Vendors DAQ and Control: Multifunction I/O FPGA/Reconfigurable I/O Digital I/O Analog Input/Output Vision and Motion Counter/Timers Instruments: Oscilloscopes Digital Waveform Generator/Analyzers Digital Multimeters Signal Generators Switching RF Signal Generation and Analysis Interfaces: GPIB, USB, LAN SCSI + Enet Boundary Scan/JTAG CAN + DeviceNet RS232/RS485 VXI/VME

11 Modular Instrumentation: DC to 26.5 GHz Industry s highest-resolution digitizer Flexible resolution digitizers up to dbc SFDR Industry s fastest, most accurate 7½-digit DMM Highest-channel-count dynamic signal acquisition 5,000 dynamic signal channels to 0.01 degree Precision DC sources Power supplies and source measure units with nanoamp precision High-speed digital waveform generation/acquisition Clock rates up to 200 MHz, data rates as high as 400 Mb/s RF signal acquisition/generation Up to 6.6 GHz generation and 26.5 GHz acquisition with more than 50 MHz bandwidth

12 NI CompactRIO Real-Time Processor Reconfigurable FPGA I/O Modules Extreme Ruggedness -40 to 70 C temperature range 50g shock, 5g vibration Low Power Consumption 9 to 35 VDC power, 7-10 W typical I/O Modules with built-in signal conditioning for connection to sensors/actuators Reconfigurable FPGA for high-speed and custom I/O timing, triggering, control Real-Time Processor for deterministic, stand-alone operation, logging and analysis

13 Over 60 NI and 3rd Party C Series Modules Analog Input Up to 250 ks/s, simultaneous sampling 4, 8, 16, and 32-ch options Built-in signal condition for sensors Strain gages, accelerometers, thermocouples, RTDs Up to ± 60 V, ±20 ma 12, 16 and 24-bit resolution Available ch-to-ch isolation Analog Output Up to100 ks/s simultaneous updating Up to 16-ch per module ±10 V, ±20 ma Isolation Digital I/O Up to 10 MHz timing Counter/timer, PWM 8 and 32-channel options 5V/TTL, 12/24/48 V logic levels Specialty 2-port CAN modules Brushed DC servo motor drive Third Party Modules LIN, Profibus, WLAN , MIL- 1553, ARINC-429, GPS, and more

14 Los Alamos LANSCE Ongoing migration to a crio system with embedded EPICS 12 binary outputs 36 binary inputs 12 analog inputs 5 stepper motor channels Full IOC functionality allows access to all record fields and EPICS utilities Maximum flexibility for partitioning the problem LabVIEW for beam diagnostic EPICS for industrial control

15 Max Planck Institute Plasma Diagnostics & Control with NI LabVIEW RT LabVIEW on an eight-core real-time system with LabVIEW, we obtained a 20X processing speed-up on an octal-core processor machine over a single-core processor Louis Giannone Lead Project Researcher Max Planck Institute

16 Czech Institute of Plasma Physics Thomson scattering system Synchronized high speed data acquisition 92ch running at1gs/s Tight synchronization over 3 PXI chassis Skew < 500 ps

17 Modern System Complexity Increasing Programming/Processing HMI Logging, Database Communication Timing/Sync Modern Machine Custom HW Sensors and Signal Conditioning Mechanical Design Networking Discrete and Sequential Logic Embedded System Design Motors and Actuators Machine Condition Monitoring Machine Vision Motion Control Design

18 Programming / Processing with LabVIEW Data Flow C Code Textual Math Simulation Statechart Graphical System Design Platform PC/Mac/Linux PXI CompactRIO FlexRIO Custom

19 Deterministic Multithreading in LabVIEW Real-Time Users can assign and lock code to specific cores 19

20 Linux Support to NI Real-Time Hypervisor Program I/O through LabVIEW RT High performance communication between OSes: up to 1 GB/s Linux is face of the system Linux variant support TBD Develop Real-Time code on Windows Develop host code on Linux Linux LV RT RT Hypervisor MI, DAQ, etc.

21 Universal Driver NI RT drivers run on Linux Supports x86 based systems Best solution for Linux desktop users Early prototypes working with DAQ boards Beta to be available: Q3, 2010 Linux Application DAQmx (API) Redirection Layer PharLap Process DAQmx (driver) RIO (API) RIO (driver) XNET (API) XNET (driver) Hardware

22 Modern System Complexity Increasing Programming/Processing HMI Logging, Database Communication Modern Machine Sensors and Signal Conditioning Mechanical Design Networking Discrete and Sequential Logic Embedded System Design Motors and Actuators Machine Condition Monitoring Machine Vision Motion Control Design

23 Open Architecture Controls standards EPICS, TANGO, CORBA Connectivity to different devices OPC, Modbus, TCP/IP, UDP, EtherCAT, Serial Flexibility Windows, RTOS, FPGA

24 EPICS Software Architecture Distributed Clients and Servers (IOC I/O Controllers) Network protocol: Channel Access Each IOC holds a subset of EPICS database variables EPICS Client EPICS Client Channel Access IOC (I/O Controller) IOC (I/O Controller) IOC (I/O Controller) IOC (I/O Controller) I/O HW I/O HW I/O HW I/O HW Analog I/O, Digital I/O, Motion Control, Image Acquisition, etc.

25 Integrating EPICS and LabVIEW IOC (I/O Controller) I/O HW EPICS Client LabVIEW as a Client Presentation Analysis Control LabVIEW as a Server Interface to hardware Real-time control Access to FPGA

26 LabVIEW EPICS Server NEW in LabVIEW 2009 Support for Channel Access Server Windows Real-Time OS VxWorks & Pharlap Can run on PXI and CompactRIO Custom option for CompactRIO Prototype code to run full EPICS IOC Server side by side with LabVIEW Real-Time

27 BiRa Power Supply 16 channels of high precision bipolar DC power Mainly used for corrector magnets in particle accelerators Running LabVIEW EPICS CA Server on an embedded real-time controller

28 Modern System Complexity Increasing Programming/Processing HMI Logging, Database Communication Timing/Sync Modern Machine Sensors and Signal Conditioning Mechanical Design Networking Discrete and Sequential Logic Embedded System Design Motors and Actuators Machine Condition Monitoring Machine Vision Motion Control Design

29 Event vs. Time-Based Synchronization Signal-Based Share Physical Clocks / Triggers Time-Based Generate Signals Share Time Ethernet (1588) IRIG GPS Etc. Generate Signals

30 Synchronization Technologies Precision sec 10-9 sec 10-6 sec Event-based PXI Multichassis IRIG-B GPS 10-3 sec Time-based sec <10-4 m 10-2 m 10 0 m 10 1 m 10 2 m 10 3 m 10 4 m 10 5 m Global Proximity

31 Collaboration: Timing and Sync Products Greenfield Technology 8 Channel PXI Digital Delay Generator 4 high precision delays 1ps resolution, <50ps rms jitter 4 auxiliary delays 5ns resolution, <100ps rms jitter Available on the front panel and on PXI Trig Micro-Research Finland PXI Event Generator/Event Renerator Working on a crio Event Receiver

32 NI and CERN: White Rabbit Partnering with CERN in developing White Rabbit (WR) Performance Distance: > 10 km Scale: > 2000 nodes Accuracy: < 1ns skew, < 100 ps jitter Compensates for propagation delay (cable length, temperature variation, etc.) Leverage Industry standards (802.x, IEEE 1588, SyncE) Gigabit Ethernet communication with deterministic capability Generally Applicable Leverage for future PXIe modules

33 Modern System Complexity Increasing Programming/Processing HMI Logging, Database Communication Timing/Sync Modern Machine Custom HW Sensors and Signal Conditioning Mechanical Design Networking Discrete and Sequential Logic Embedded System Design Motors and Actuators Machine Condition Monitoring Machine Vision Motion Control Design

34 Building Custom Hardware using FPGAs Very tight control loops Onboard signal processing Specialized communication protocols Custom flexible timing Massively parallel processing

35 FPGA-Based I/O Applications Clocks PWM Built-in IP Processing Blocks Counters Custom Counters Multiple Scan Rates Custom Analog Triggering Custom Analog I/O Custom Timing and Synchronization

36 Parallel Architectures Drive Performance 5,000 5, FPGAs 500 CPU Performance (GFLOPs) 50 CPUs 50 FPGA Performance (GMACs)

37 CERN Collimator Alignment 550+ axes of motion Across 27 km distance The jaws have to be positioned with an accuracy which is a fraction of the beam size (200μm) Synchronized to < 5ms drift over 15 minutes Maximum jitter in μs

38 NI FlexRIO PXI/PXIe NI FlexRIO Adapter Module Interchangeable I/O Digital or analog NI FlexRIO Adapter Module Development Kit (MDK) NI FlexRIO FPGA Module Virtex-5 FPGA 132 digital I/O lines Up to 512 MB of DRAM Peer-to-peer data streaming PXI Platform Data transfer Synchronization Clocking/triggers Power/cooling

39 Custom Module Development Xilinx Virtex 5 FPGA CLIP CLIP CLIP Custom Front-End Socketed CLIP LabVIEW FPGA VI PXI Bus Socketed CLIP Socketed CLIP DRAM Memory DRAM Memory

40 ATCA Technology Investigating bringing FPGA processing to ATCA bus Need to understand HEP care abouts, must haves for first generation products Open to collaborating on design / product development

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