Supercomputing im Jahr eine Analyse mit Hilfe der TOP500 Listen
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1 Supercomputing im Jahr eine Analyse mit Hilfe der TOP500 Listen Hans Werner Meuer Universität Mannheim Feierliche Inbetriebnahme von CLIC TU Chemnitz 11. Oktober 2000
2 TOP500 CLIC TU Chemnitz View Chemnitzer LInux Cluster MWK Saxonia View Cost Low In Chemnitz HPC Manufacturer View Cash Lost In Chemnitz
3 10 most powerful Clusters worldwide Site Country System Name Integrator Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Compaq Computer Corporation Sandia National Laboratories Sun TU Chemnitz Genetic Programming Inc. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Forecast Systems Laboratories Commissariat al l Energie Atomique LANL Center for Nonlinear Studies 09/2000 USA USA Alpha Server SC ES40/EV67 Alpha Server SC ES40/EV67 Total Processors Total Peak Performance [GFlops] Year Compaq , Alpha Compaq Alpha USA CPlant Selfmade , Alpha USA HPC 4500 Cluster Germany CLIC Sun , Sparc Selfmade/ MEGware Processor , Pentium III USA PC Cluster Selfmade , Pentium II USA Alpha Server SC ES40/EV67 Compaq , Alpha USA FSL HPTi , Alpha A France Alpha Server SC ES40/EV67 Compaq , Alpha USA Avalon Selfmade , Alpha A
4 What is the TOP500? Project about: - Supercomputers - HPC-market analysis - Technology trends TOP500 - Competition between vendors and between sites It s about Performance The Need for Speed
5 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 06/2000 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500 Future of TOP5000
6 Supercomputer and TOP500 What is a Supercomputer? 1980 s (early) - Vector computers - One main application area numerical, scientific and engineering Mannheim Supercomputer Statistics 1990 s -?
7 TOP500 Idea Assemble list of the XXX most powerful computers in the World and define them as Supercomputer Update as needed The problem is now shifted from defining Supercomputer to powerful Define powerful with a benchmark result
8 TOP500 Procedure Assemble list of the 500 most powerful computers in the World Yardstick for performance: Rmax of the LINPACK Updated twice a year: June at Supercomputer in Mannheim November at SCxx in USA Widely accepted after 15 editions
9 TOP500 Authors - Started in spring 1993 by: Hans W. Meuer and Erich Strohmaier - First list published in 6/93 together with Jack Dongarra
10 TOP500 Benefits - Basis for analysing the HCP market - Quantification of observations - Detection of trends market, architecture, technology
11 TOP500 Status 1. List in June 1993 Accepted by Users and Manufacturers 15. List on June 8, List on November 8, 2000
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13 TOP500 list - Data shown Manufacturer Manufacturer or vendor Computer Type indicated by manufacturer or vendor Inst. Site Customer Location Location and country Year Year of installation/last major update Field of Appl. Academic,Research,Industry,Vendor,Class. # Proc. Number of processors R max Maxmimal LINPACK performance achieved R peak Theoretical peak performance N max Problemsize for achieving R max N 1/2 Problemsize for achieving half of R max N world Position within the TOP500 ranking
14 TOP10 06/2000 RANK MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER RMAX [TF/S] INSTALLATION SITE 1 Intel ASCI Red 2.38 Sandia National Labs Albuquerque 2 IBM ASCI Blue- Pacific SST, IBM SP 604E 3 SGI ASCI Blue Mountain 4 IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 2.14 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory COUNTRY YEAR AREA OF INSTALLATION # PROC USA 1999 Research 9632 USA 1999 Research Los Alamos National Lab USA 1998 Research IBM/Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) IBM/Poughkeepsie 5 Hitachi SR8000-F Leibniz Rechenzentrum, Munic 6 Hitachi SR8000-F High Energy Accelerator Research Organization/ KEK, Tsukuba USA 2000 Vendor/Research 1336 Germany 2000 Academic 112 Japan 2000 Research Cray Inc. T3E Government USA 1998 Classified Cray Inc. T3E US Army HPC Research Center at NCS, Minneapolis USA 2000 Research Hitachi SR University of Tokyo Japan 1999 Academic Cray Inc. T3E Government USA 1997 Classified 1324
15 TOP10 in Europe 06/2000 RANK (EUROPE) RANK (WORLD) 1 5 Hitachi MANU- FACTURER COMPUTER SR8000- F1/112 RMAX [GF/S] 2 14 Cray Inc. T3E INSTALLATION SITE COUNTRY YEAR AREA OF INSTALLATION 1035 Leibniz Rechenzentrum Germany 2000 Academic CSAR at the University of Manchester UK 2000 Academic 3 15 Cray Inc. T3E Deutscher Wetterdienst Germany 1999 Research 4 18 Cray Inc. T3E Cray Inc. T3E Cray Inc. T3E Cray Inc. T3E 355 United Kingdom Meteorological Office United Kingdom Meteorological Office Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft MPI/IPP UK 1997 Research UK 1999 Research Germany 1999 Research Germany 1997 Research 8 38 Fujitsu VPP5000/ ECMWF UK 1999 Research 9 39 Cray Inc. T3E HWW/ Universität Stuttgart Germany 1996 Industry Fujitsu VPP5000/ Meteo-France France 1999 Research
16 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 06/2000 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500 Future of TOP5000
17 Systems installed Japan 12% Others 4% USA 54% Europe 30% Total: /2000
18 Rmax installed Japan 15% Others 3% USA 58% Europe 24% 06/2000 Total: 64,3 Tflops
19 Austr./Suisse Benelux Germany France UK Italy Scandin. 06/ % 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Number of systems installed in Europe Total: 150
20 Germany - Bundesländer # Systems 5 0 Baden-Württemberg Bayern Berlin Bremen Hessen Niedersachsen Nordrhein-Westfalen Rheinland-Pfalz 06/2000
21 Performance Statistics - Countries USA Japan Germany France UK Scandinavia Switzerland New Zealand Luxembourg Kflops per inhabita 06/2000
22 Self Made SUN 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Manufacturers Total: 500 Cray Inc. Fujitsu Hitachi IBM Intel NEC SGI Compaq HP 06/2000
23 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 06/2000 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500 Future of TOP5000
24 Performance Development 100 Tflop/s 10 Tflop/s 1 Tflop/s 100 Gflop/s 10 Gflop/s 1 Gflop/s 100 Mflop/s TF/s 59.7 GF/s Intel XP/S140 Sandia 0.4 GF/s SNI VP200EX Uni Dresden Jun-93 Nov-93 Cray Y-MP M94 KFA Jülich Jun-94 Nov-94 Fujitsu 'NWT' NAL Cray Y-MP C94 'EPA' USA Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 SUM N=1 Hitachi/Tsukuba CP-PACS/2048 N=500 SGI POWER CHALLANGE GOODYEAR Sun Ultra HPC 1000 News International Intel ASCI Red Sandia Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Sun HPC Merril Lynch Intel ASCI Red Sandia SGI T3E900/38 CIEMAT Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Nov-99 Jun TF/s 2.38 TF/s Intel ASCI Red Sandia 43.8 GF/s Sun HPC MHz/64 EDS Plano
25 Nov-99 Jun-00 Jun-99 Nov Continents others Japan Europe USA/Canada Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Jun-95 Nov-94 Jun-94 Jun-93 Nov-93
26 Jun-00 Nov Europe - Countries others Switzerland Benelux Scandinavia France UK Germany Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Jun-94 Jun-93 Nov-93
27 Nov-99 Jun-00 Nov-98 Jun Producers Europe Japan USA Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Jun-95 Nov-94 Jun-94 Jun-93 Nov-93
28 others Intel TMC Cray Manufacturers NEC Hitachi Fujitsu IBM SGI Convex/HP Sun Nov-99 Jun-00 Jun-99 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-95 Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-93 Nov-93
29 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% others Hitachi NEC Fujitsu Intel TMC IBM Cray SGI Convex/HP Sun Nov 99 Jun 00 Jun 99 Manufacturers Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 93 Nov 93 Performance
30 Nov 99 Jun 00 Jun Customer Types Vendor Classified Academic Industry Research Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Nov 94 Jun 94 Jun 93 Nov 93
31 Customer Types - Performance Research Industry Academic Classified Vendor 10 Jun-93 Jun-94 Jun-95 Jun-96 Jun-97 Jun-98 Jun-99 Jun-00 Performance [GFlop/s]
32 Applications in Industry unknown commercial engineering Jun-94 Nov-94 Jun-95 Nov-95 Jun-96 Nov-96 Jun-97 Nov-97 Jun-98 Nov-98 Jun-99 Nov-99 Jun-00 Jun-93 Nov-93
33 Industrial/Commercial Applications unknown commercial engineering Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 99 Nov 99 Jun 00 Jun 93
34 Customer Types - Germany Research 11% Academic 9% Other 2% Industr/Comm 78% Total: 65 06/2000
35 Customer Type Industrial/Commercial in Germany Total: 51 A A Telecommunications Engineering/Automotive Pharmaceutical Banking Others 06/2000
36 Processor Types
37 Chip Technology
38 Architectures
39 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 06/2000 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500 Future of TOP5000
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44 Outline TOP500 Approach HPC-Market as of 06/2000 Market Trends, Architecture Trends, Technology Trends WWW Service for TOP500 Future of TOP5000
45 Performance and Moore s Law 1 TFlop/s ASCI Red TMC CM-5 Cray T3D 1 GFlop/s TMC CM-2 Cray 2 Cray X-MP Cray 1 1 MFlop/s CDC 6600 CDC 7600 IBM 360/195 IBM KFlop/s UNIVAC 1 EDSAC based on R. W. Hockney
46 Performance Development Sum N=1 10 N=10 N=500 0,1 Jun 93 Nov 93 Jun 94 Nov 94 Jun 95 Nov 95 Jun 96 Nov 96 Jun 97 Nov 97 Jun 98 Nov 98 Jun 99 Nov 99 Jun 00 Performance [GFlop/s]
47 Performance Development 1 PFlop/s 100 TFlop/s ASCI 10 TFlop/s Sum Earth Simulator 1 TFlop/s 100 GFlop/s N=1 10 GFlop/s N=10 1 GFlop/s 100 MFlop/s N=500 Jun 93 Jun 94 Jun 95 Jun 96 Jun 97 Jun 98 Jun 99 Jun 00 Jun 01 Jun 02 Jun 03 Jun 04 Jun 05
48 Vielen Dank! Die PowerPoint-Folien dieser Präsentation können über folgende URL erreicht werden:
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