BRDF measurement and color appearance simulation based on iccmax framework
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1 BRDF measurement and color appearance simulation based on iccmax framework Wei-Chun HUNG, Pei-Li SUN 2017/06/28 Graduate Institute of Color and Illumination Tech., Nat. Taiwan Univ. of Sci. & Tech. Page 1
2 Motivation ICC profiles have been widely used in digital archives to preserve the color information of the relics. However, their surface properties such as glossiness and texture have not yet been recorded using the conventional ICC system. ICC is currently working on iccmax. The new ICC system can be used to simulate material appearance with BRDF parameters. The study aims to optimize BRDF measurement and color appearance simulation based on the iccmax and providing real-world examples for evaluation. Page 2
3 Contents BRDF measurement of real-world samples Evolution of BRDF parameters Blinn-Phong model as an example Color appearance simulation based on the iccmax framework Page 3
4 1 BRDF measurement of real-world samples Page 4
5 BRDF Measurements Samples: PANTONE coated/uncoated/metallic/ cotton R/G/B/W/K/GY Page 5
6 BRDF Measurements Apparatus: IS-SA BRDF Scatterometer A hemisphere scatter imager movable light source convex mirror test sample (contact measurement) CCD Page 6
7 BRDF Measurements Apparatus: BYK-mac The project aims to Specular Page 7
8 BRDF Measurements Measurement Geometries : IS-SA Illumination Angle : Incident Angles10 ~ 80 BYK-Mac Incident Angles d=φ=90 d=φ=90 Ɵ i 10 to Reflection Angles d=φ=0 to 359 d=φ=90 / 270 r: 0 ~ 80 (Zenith/Azumuth) Ɵ r 0 to 80 0, 20, 30, 60, 30, 65, d: 0 ~ 359 (Polar Angles) IS-SA BYK-Mac data X Y Z L*a*b* d= azimuth angle, Ɵ i = illumination angle Ɵ r = viewing angle five aspecular angles Page 8 180
9 BRDF data coordinate transform range r =[0 90] d=[0 360] 180 Raw Data (polar coordinates) r d 60 (r,d) = (80, 30) x Raw Data (Cartesian coordinates) y 60 (x,y)=(r*sin(d), r*cos(d)) 40 r 20 r*sin(d) 0 d r*cos(d) Page 9
10 White samples with different glossiness Y stimulus Perfect Diffuser Cotton Incident Angles Incident Angles Uncoated paper Coated paper Metallic Page 10 Incident Angles Incident Angles Incident Angles
11 2 Evolution of BRDF parameters Blinn-Phong model as an example Page 11
12 BRDF Model The following are the Blinn-Phong parameters that specify the material: K d is the diffuse reflection constant for the material K s is the specular reflection constant for the material. n is the shininess constant for the material. For the full colour Blinn-Phong function the three parameters shall be K d, K s, and n. The order of the parameters in the transform shall be: K d, K s, and n The monochrome function combines the output of the absolute transform with three parameters to compute the Blinn-Phong parameters K d =I d B K s =I s B+I gs XYZ tristimulus value in x/0 viewing Where B is the output of the absolute transform, I d is the diffuse scaling factor, I s is the specular scaling factor, and I gs is a global specular component. Page 12 l s are normally very small. We ignore them.
13 BRDF Rendering Parameters BRDF parameter fitting: Convert IS-SA raw data to images Least-squared curve fitting for Blinn-Phong Reflection model Page 13
14 Coated Paper - Red X stimulus Page 14 Normalized X stimuli with pseudo-colors
15 Coated Paper - Red X stimulus Page 15
16 Coated Paper - Red Y stimulus Page 16 Normalized Y stimuli with pseudo-colors
17 Coated Paper - Red Y stimulus Page 17
18 Coated Paper - Red Z stimulus Page 18 Normalized Z stimuli with pseudo-colors
19 Coated Paper - Red Z stimulus Page 19
20 Summary Monochrome BRDF parameters across X, Y and Z channels are very similar. l s are normally very small. We ignore them. Limit upper boundary of l d to 1 could improve the fitting. Page 20
21 Coated Paper R G B K Gray W Page 21 Normalized Y stimuli with pseudo-colors
22 Coated Paper Y stimulus R G B K Gray W Page 22
23 Uncoated Paper R G B K Gray W Page 23 Normalized Y stimuli with pseudo-colors
24 Uncoated Paper Y stimulus R G B K Gray W Page 24
25 Metallic coated paper R G B K Gray W Page 25 Normalized Y stimuli with pseudo-colors
26 Metallic coated paper Y stimulus R G B K Gray W Page 26
27 Cotton Y stimulus R G B K Gray W Page 27 Normalized Y stimuli with pseudo-colors
28 Cotton Y stimulus R G B K Gray W Page 28
29 3 Color appearance simulation based on the iccmax framework Page 29
30 iccmax application 1. Device signals to PCS conversion using an A2Bx profile. 2. Apply a monochrome BRDF profile for the material. It contains l d, l s, l sg and n parameters for each of XYZ channel. srgb XYZ l d, l s, l sg, n Page 30
31 iccmax application 3. Calculate color BRDF parameters. K d = l d *XYZ K s = (l s *XYZ+l sg ) srgb XYZ k d, k s, n l d, l s, l sg, n Page 31
32 iccmax application 4. Color rendering based on given illumination angle, viewing angle and the BRDF model. We have implemented Blinn-Phong and Cook- Torrance models. srgb k d, k s, n XYZ brdfcolorimetricparameterx/ brdfspectralparameterx Blinn-Phong Model Page 32
33 iccmax application 5. Highlight compression in XYZ space. Non-linear tone mapping is needed to avoid highlight clipping of shiny objects. unchanged compressed Page 33
34 iccmax application 6. PCS to Device conversion using a B2Ax profile. In our case, use a srgb profile for LCD simulation. Page 34
35 viewing angle -90 ~90 (qr) Multi-Angle The A Red coated paper - l d : 1, l s :1.6, n:189 (-90,-90) Page 35 illumination angle -90 ~ 90 (qi) (90,90)
36 Correct the input values BYK-mac Page 36
37 BYK-mac Correct the input values Page 37
38 Correct the input values BYK-mac Metallic Page 38
39 Correct the input values BYK-mac Page 39
40 Correct the input values IS-SA BRDF Scatterometer Incident Angles50^ Page 40
41 Correct the input values IS-SA BRDF Scatterometer Page 41
42 Correct the input values IS-SA BRDF Scatterometer Metallic Page 42
43 Correct the input values IS-SA BRDF Scatterometer Page 43
44 Image simulation B2Ax Device iccmax approach Simulate a light tube above the painting Page 44
45 Conclusions We have done BRDF measurement of many real-world samples. We also proposed a method for evaluating BRDF parameters of Blinn-Phong model. Tone compression is needed to avoid highlight clipping. The BRDF parameters can be used to simulate color appearance of a material based on the the iccmax framework. Page 45
46 Page 46
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