This Errata Sheet contains corrections or changes made after the publication of this manual.

Transcription

1 Errata heet This Errata heet contains corrections or changes made after the publication of this manual. Product Family: L ate: pril Manual Number --M Revision and ate nd Edition, Rev. ; March hanges to hapter. PU pecifications and Operations Page -6. Using attery ackup; Enabling the attery ackup The ladder example shown to enable the backup battery is incorrect. Use the following example instead. Note: This example assumes that the original content of V76 was a (zero). hanges to hapter. ystem esign and onfiguration Page -. I/O onfigurations with a lot Local PU ase The four drawings on this page to the left of the bases showing jumper switch W are mislabeled. They should say 7 and EXP, not 7 EXP and as shown. Page -. PU pecifications; Remote I/O Expansion; onfiguring the PU s Remote I/O hannel Replace the remote I/O wiring diagram shown with this one. LPU Port V 7 - R Remote I/O lave - RM Remote I/O lave Termination Resistor T Jumper T TX+ TX-- Remote I/O Master RX+ RX-- TX+ /RX+ TX-- /RX-- ignal GN Recommended cable: elden 9 or equivalent, shielded twisted pair cable is recommended for R-- networks. G (end of chain) Internal ohm resistor hanges to hapter. ; Network Please change tep on pages -7 and -9 (RX & WX ommands) to read as follows: tep : - Load the slave address (-9 ) into the first byte and the slot number of the master M (-7) into the second byte of the second level of the accumulator stack. When using Port of the PU, the formatting should be Kfxx where xx is the slave address (-9 ). Page of

2 hanges to hapter. PI Loop Operation Errata heet This Errata heet contains corrections or changes made after the publication of this manual. For more recent and complete information on PI loop operation, refer to hapter in the L6 user manual (manual number -6UER-M). hanges to hapter 9. Maintenance and Troubleshooting Page 9-. dd the following to the end of this chapter (right after Regular Forcing with irect ccess): Reset the PL to Factory efaults NOTE: Resetting to factory defaults will not clear any password stored in the PL. Resetting a irectlogic PL to Factory efaults is a two-step process. e sure to have a verified backup of your program using ave Project to isk from the File menu before performing this procedure. Please be aware that the program as well as any settings will be erased and not all settings are stored in the project. In particular you will need to write down any settings for econdary ommunications Ports and manually set the ports up after resetting the PL to factory defaults. tep While connected to the PL with irectoft, go to the PL menu and select; lear PL Memory. heck the LL box at the bottom of the list and press OK. tep While connected with irectoft, go the PL menu and then to the etup submenu and select Initialize cratch Pad. Press Ok. NOTE: ll configurable communications ports will be reset to factory default state. If you are connected via Port or another configurable port, you may be disconnected when this operation is complete. NOTE: Retentive ranges will be reset to the factory settings. NOTE: Manually addressed IO will be reset to factory default settings. The PL has now been reset to factory defaults and you can proceed to program the PL. Page of

3 In This hapter.... Introduction Using oolean oolean omparative oolean Immediate Timer, ounter and hift Register ccumulator / tack Load and Output ata ccumulator Logical Math it Operation Number onversion Table lock / alendar PU ontrol Program ontrol Intelligent I/O Network Message

4 - Introduction The L PU offers a wide variety of instructions to perform many different types of operations. This chapter shows you how to use these individual instructions. There are two ways to quickly find the instruction you need. If you know the instruction category (oolean, omparative oolean, etc.) use the header at the top of the page to find the pages that discuss the instructions in that category. If you know the individual instruction name, use the following table to find the page that discusses the instruction. Instruction Page ON II onstant -- dds --77 dd inary --9 dd ouble --7 R dd Real Number --79 N nd for contacts or boxes --, --9, --6 N nd tore -- N nd it--of--word -- N nd ouble --6 NE nd if Equal --6 NF nd Formatted --66 NI nd Immediate -- NN nd Not --, --9 NN nd Not it--of--word -- NNE nd if Not Equal --6 NNI nd Not Immediate -- NN nd Negative ifferential -- NP nd Positive ifferential -- TH II to Hex --9 inary oded ecimal -- PL Tens ompliment --6 IN inary -- LL lock all (tage) 7--7 EN lock End (tage) 7--7 LK lock (tage) 7--7 TOR inary to Real --7 MP ompare --7 MP ompare ouble --7 MPF ompare Formatted --7 MPR ompare Real Number --76 NT ounter -- V onverge tage 7-- VJMP onverge Jump (tage) 7-- Instruction Page TE ate -- E ecrement --9 E ecrement inary --9 EO ecode -- II isable Interrupts -- IV ivide --6 IV ivide inary --9 IV ivide ouble --7 IVR ivide Real Number -- LL ata Label -- RUM Timed rum 6-- ERUM Event rum 6-- ENO Encode -- EN End -- ENI Enable Interrupts -- FULT Fault -- FOR For/Next -- GOTO Goto/Label -- GRY Gray ode -- GT Goto ubroutine --7 HT HEX to II -- IN Increment --9 IN Increment inary --9 INT Interrupt -- INV Invert -- IRT Interrupt Return -- IRT Interrupt Return onditional -- IG Initial tage 7-- JMP Jump 7-- LL Label (Goto/Lbl) -- L Load -- L Load ddress -- L Load ouble -- LF Load Formatted -- LR Load Real number -- LX Load Indexed --6 LLL Load Label --7 LX Load Indexed from onstant --7 L User Manual, nd Edition

5 - Instruction Page MRUM Masked Event rum iscrete 6-- MRUMW Masked Event rum Word 6-- MLR Master Line Reset -- ML Master Line et -- MOV Move --6 MOVM Move Memory artridge --7 MUL Multiply -- MUL Multiply inary --9 MUL Multiply ouble -- MULR Multiply Real Number -- NON Numeric onstant -- NEXT Next (For/Next) -- NJMP Not Jump (tage) 7-- NOP No Operation -- NOT Not --7 OR Or --, --, --67 OR Or Out --7 OR I Or Out Immediate -- OR Or tore -- OR Or it -- of -- word -- OR Or ouble --6 ORE Or if Equal -- ORF Or Formatted --69 ORI Or Immediate -- ORN Or Not --, -- ORN Or Not it--of--word -- ORN Or Negative ifferential -- ORNE Or if Not Equal -- ORNI Or Not Immediate -- ORP Or Positve ifferential -- Out --, --9 Out it--of--word --6 Out ouble --6 F Out Formatted --6 I Out immediate -- X Indexed --6 P Positve ifferential -- POP Pop --6 PRINT Print -- R Read from Intelligent Module -- ROTL Rotate Left --99 ROTR Rotate Right -- RT Reset -- RT Reset it--of--word -- RTI Reset Immediate -- RTWT Reset Watch og Timer -- RT ubroutine return --7 RT ubroutine Return onditional --7 RTO Real to inary -- Instruction Page RX Read From Network --7 R ubroutine (Goto ubroutine) --7 EG egment -- ET et -- ET et it--of--word -- ETI et Immediate -- FLGT huffle igits -- G tage 7-- GNT tage ounter -- HFL hift Left --97 HFR hift Right --9 R hift Register --6 TOP top -- tore --, --7 tore it--of--word --9 E tore if Equal -- I tore Immediate -- N tore Not --, --7 N tore Not it--of--word --9 NE tore if not Equal -- NI tore Not Immediate -- N tore Negative ifferential --9 P tore Positive ifferential --9 U ubtract -- U ubtract inary --9 U ubtract ouble -- UR ubtract Real Number -- UM um --96 TIME Time of PU -- TMR Timer --6 TMR ccumualting Timer -- TMRF ccumualting Fast Timer -- TMRF Fast Timer --6 U Up own ouonter -- WT Write to Intelligent Module --6 WX WritetoNetwork --9 XOR Exclusive Or --7 XOR Exclusive Or ouble --7 XORF Exclusive Or Formatted --7 L User Manual, nd Edition

6 - oolean Using oolean EN tatement o you question why many PL manufacturers quote the scan time for a K boolean program? It is because most all programs utilize many boolean instructions. These are typically very simple instructions designed to join input and output contacts in various series and parallel combinations. ince the irectoft package allows the use of graphic symbols to build the program, you don t absolutely have to know the mnemonics of the instructions. However, it may helpful at some point, especially if you ever have to troubleshoot the program with a Handheld Programmer. ll programs require an EN statement as the last instruction. This tells the PU it is the end of the program. Normally, any instructions placed after the EN statement will not be executed. There are exceptions to this such as interrupt routines, etc. The instruction set at the end of this chapter discussed this in detail. X Y ll programs must have and EN statement EN imple Rungs You will use a contact to start rungs that contain both contacts and coils. The boolean instruction, tore or, instruction performs this function. The output point is represented by the Output or, instruction. The following example shows how to enter a single contact and a single output coil. X irectoft Example Y Handheld Mnemonics X Y EN EN Normally losed ontact Normally closed contacts are also very common. This is accomplished with the tore Not or, N instruction. The following example shows a simple rung with a normally closed contact. X irectoft Example Y Handheld Mnemonics N X Y EN EN ontacts in eries Use the N instruction to join two or more contacts in series. The following example shows two contacts in series and a single output coil. The instructions used are X, N X, followed by Y. X X irectoft Example Y EN Handheld Mnemonics X N X Y EN L User Manual, nd Edition

7 oolean - Midline Outputs Parallel Elements Joining eries ranches in Parallel Joining Parallel ranches in eries ometimes it is necessary to use midline outputs to get additional outputs that are conditional on other contacts. The following example shows how you can use the N instruction to continue a rung with more conditional outputs. X irectoft Example X Y Handheld Mnemonics X Y EN X N X Y N X Y EN You may also have to join contacts in parallel. The OR instruction allows you to do this. The following example shows two contacts in parallel and a single output coil. The instructions would be X, OR X, followed by Y. X X irectoft Example Y EN Handheld Mnemonics X OR X Y EN Quite often it is necessary to join several groups of series elements in parallel. The Or tore (OR) instruction allows this operation. The following example shows a simple network consisting of series elements joined in parallel. X X X X irectoft Example Y EN Handheld Mnemonics X N X X N X OR Y EN You can also join one or more parallel branches in series. The nd tore (N) instruction allows this operation. The following example shows a simple network with contact branches in series with parallel contacts. X X X irectoft Example Y EN Handheld Mnemonics X X OR X N Y EN tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

8 -6 oolean ombination Networks You can combine the various types of series and parallel branches to solve most any application problem. The following example shows a simple combination network. X X X Y X X X X6 EN oolean tack There are limits to how many elements you can include in a rung. This is because the L PU uses an -level boolean stack to evaluate the various logic elements. The boolean stack is a temporary storage area that solves the logic for the rung. Each time you enter a instruction, the instruction is placed on the top of the boolean stack. ny other instructions on the boolean stack are pushed down a level. The N, and OR instructions combine levels of the boolean stack when they are encountered. ince the boolean stack is only eight levels, an error will occur if the PU encounters a rung that uses more than the eight levels of stack. X X OR N X Y Output X N X N X OR X X X X X X X X X N X X N X X X 6 7 OR N X X N [X OR (X N X)] X OR (X N X) X X X N X N (NOT X OR X) N [X OR (X N X)] ORNOT X NOTXORXN[XOR(XNX)] L User Manual, nd Edition

9 oolean -7 omparative oolean Immediate oolean The L PU provides omparative oolean instructions that allow you to quickly and easily compare two numbers. The omparative oolean provides evaluation of two -digit values using boolean contacts. The valid evaluations are: equal to, not equal to, equal to or greater than, and less than. In the following example when the value in Vmemory location V is equal to the constant, Y will energize. V K Y The L PU usually can complete an operation cycle in milliseconds. However, in some applications you may not be able to wait a few milliseconds until the next I/O update occurs. The L PU offers Immediate input and outputs which are special boolean instructions that allow reading directly from inputs and writing directly to outputs during the program execution portion of the PU cycle. This is normally performed during the input or output update portion of the PU cycle. The immediate instructions take longer to execute because the program execution is interrupted while the PU reads or writes the module. This function is not normally performed until the read inputs or the write outputs portion of the PU cycle. NOTE: Even though the immediate input instruction reads the most current status from the module, it only uses the results to solve that one instruction. It does not use the new status to update the image register. Therefore, any regular instructions that follow will still use the image register values. ny immediate instructions that follow will access the module again to update the status. The immediate output instruction will write the status to the module and update the image register. PU can Read Inputs X... X X X OFF... ON OFF OFF Input Image Register Read Inputs from pecialty I/O olve the pplication Program X I Write Outputs iagnostics Y Write Outputs to pecialty I/O The PU reads the inputs from the local base and stores the status in an input image register. OFF OFF Immediate instruction does not use the input image register, but instead reads the status from the module immediately. ON OFF X X I/O Point X hanges X X tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

10 - oolean oolean tore () The tore instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally open contact. tatus of the contact will be the same state as the associated image register point or memory location. tore Not (N) The tore Not instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally closed contact. tatus of the contact will be opposite the state of the associated image register point or memory location. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 pecial Relay P In the following tore example, when input X is on, output Y will energize. irectoft X Y In the following tore Not example, when input X is off output Y will energize. irectoft X Y N L User Manual, nd Edition

11 oolean -9 tore it-of-word () tore Not it-of-word (N) The tore it-of-word instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally open contact. tatus of the contact will be the same state as the bit referenced in the associated memory location. The tore Not instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally closed contact. tatus of the contact will be opposite the state of the bit referenced in the associated memory location. Operand ata Type L Range bb V--memory ll (ee p.--9 ),to Pointer P ll (ee p --9),to.bb.bb In the following tore it-of-word example, when bit of V-memory location V is on, output Y will energize. irectoft. Y V K In the following tore Not it-of-word example, when bit of V-memory location V is off, output Y will energize. irectoft. Y N V K tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

12 - oolean Or (OR) The Or instruction logically ors a normally open contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be the same state as the associated image register point or memory location. Or Not (ORN) The Or Not instruction logically ors a normally closed contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be opposite the state of the associated image register point or memory location. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 pecial Relay P In the following Or example, when input X or X is on, output Y will energize. irectoft X X Y OR In the following Or Not example, when input X is on or X is off, output Y will energize. irectoft X X Y ORN L User Manual, nd Edition

13 oolean - Or it-of-word (OR) Or Not it-of-word (ORN) The Or it-of-word instruction logically ors a normally open contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. tatus of the contact will be the same state as the bit referenced in the associated memory location. The Or Not it-of-word instruction logically ors a normally closed contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. tatus of the contact will be opposite the state of the bit referenced in the associated memory location. Operand ata Type L Range bb V--memory ll (ee p. --9),to Pointer P ll (ee p.--9).bb.bb In the following Or it-of-word example, when input X or bit 7 of V is on, output Y7 will energize. irectoft X.7 Y7 OR V K 7 7 In the following Or it-of-word example, when input X or bit 7 of V is off, output Y7 will energize. irectoft X.7 Y7 ORN V tandard K 7 L User Manual, nd Edition

14 - oolean nd (N) The nd instruction logically ands a normally open contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be the same state as the associated image register point or memory location. nd Not (NN) The nd Not instruction logically ands a normally closed contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be opposite the state of the associated image register point or memory location. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 pecial Relay P In the following nd example, when input X and X are on output Y will energize. irectoft X X Y N In the following nd Not example, when input X is on and X is off output Y will energize. irectoft X X Y NN L User Manual, nd Edition

15 oolean - nd it-of-word (N) nd Not it-of-word (NN) The nd it-of-word instruction logically ands a normally open contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be the same state as the bit referenced in the associated memory location. The nd Not it-of-word instruction logically ands a normally closed contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be opposite the state of the bit referenced in the associated memory location. Operand ata Type L Range bb V--memory ll (ee p. --9),to Pointer P ll (ee p. --9).bb.bb In the following nd it-of-word example, when input X and bit of V is on output Y will energize. irectoft X. N Y V K In the following nd Not it-of-word example, when input X is on and bit of V is off output Y will energize. irectoft X. Y NN V tandard K L User Manual, nd Edition

16 - oolean nd tore (N ) The nd tore instruction logically ands two branches of a rung in series. oth branches must begin with the tore instruction. Or tore (OR ) The Or tore instruction logically ors two branches of a rung in parallel. oth branches must begin with the tore instruction. In the following nd tore example, the branch consisting of contacts X, X, and X have been anded with the branch consisting of contact X. irectoft X X X X Y N OR NT In the following Or tore example, the branch consisting of X and X have been ored with the branch consisting of X and X. irectoft X X X X Y N N ORT L User Manual, nd Edition

17 oolean - Out () The Out instruction reflects the status of the rung (on/off) and outputs the discrete (on/off) state to the specified image register point or memory location. Multiple Out instructions referencing the same discrete location should not be used since only the last Out instruction in the program will control the physical output point. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays In the following Out example, when input X is on, output Y and Y will energize. irectoft X Y Y In the following Out example the program contains two Out instructions using the same location (Y). The physical output of Y is ultimately controlled by the last rung of logic referencing Y. X will override the Y output being controlled by X. To avoid this situation, multiple outputs using the same location should not be used in programming. If you need to have an output controlled by multiple inputs see the OR instruction on page --7. X X Y Y tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

18 -6 oolean Out it-of-word () The Out it-of-word instruction reflects the status of the rung (on/off) and outputs the discrete (on/off) state to the specified bit in the referenced memory location. Multiple Out it-of-word instructions referencing the same bit of the same word generally should not be used since only the last Out instruction in the program will control the status of the bit..bb Operand ata Type L Range bb V--memory ll (ee p. --9),to Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) In the following Out it-of-word example, when input X is on, bit of V and bit 6 of V will turn on. irectoft X..6 V K V K The following Out it-of-word example contains two Out it-of-word instructions using the same bit in the same memory word. The final state bit of V is ultimately controlled by the last rung of logic referencing it. X will override the logic state controlled by X. To avoid this situation, multiple outputs using the same location must not be used in programming. X V K X V K L User Manual, nd Edition

19 oolean -7 Or Out (OR ) Not (NOT) The Or Out instruction has been designed to used more than rung of discrete logic to control a single output. Multiple Or Out instructions referencing the same output coil may be used, since all contacts controlling the output are ored together. If the status of any rung is on, the output will also be on. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays In the following example, when X or X is on, Y will energize. irectoft X X Y OR Y OR The Not instruction inverts the status of the rung at the point of the instruction. OR INT# INT# In the following example when X is off, Y will energize. This is because the Not instruction inverts the status of the rung at the Not instruction. irectoft X Y N O T NOTE: irectoft Release.i and later supports the use of the NOT instruction. The above example rung is merely intended to show the visual representation of the NOT instruction. The rung cannot be created or displayed in irectoft versions earlier than.i. tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

20 - oolean Positive ifferential (P) The Positive ifferential instruction is typically known as a one shot. When the input logic produces an off to on transition, the output will energize for one PU scan. P Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays In the following example, every time X is makes an off to on transition, will energize for one scan. irectoft X P L V V P L User Manual, nd Edition

21 oolean -9 tore Positive ifferential (P) tore Negative ifferential (N) The tore Positive ifferential instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally open contact. The contact closes for one PU scan when the state of the associated image register point makes an Off-to-On transition. Thereafter, the contact remains open until the next Off-to-On transition (the symbol inside the contact represents the transition). This function is sometimes called a one-shot. The tore Negative ifferential instruction begins a new rung or an additional branch in a rung with a normally closed contact. The contact closes for one PU scan when the state of the associated image register point makes an On-to-Off transition. Thereafter, the contact remains open until the next On-to-Off transition (the symbol inside the contact represents the transition). Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, each time X is makes an Off-to-On transition, Y will energize for one scan. irectoft X Y P X In the following example, each time X is makes an On-to-Off transition, Y will energize for one scan. irectoft X Y Y X Y N tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

22 - oolean Or Positive ifferential (ORP) Or Negative ifferential (ORN) The Or Positive ifferential instruction logically ors a normally open contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be open until the associated image register point makes an Off-to-On transition, closing it for one PU scan. Thereafter, it remains open until another Off-to-On transition. The Or Negative ifferential instruction logically ors a normally open contact in parallel with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be open until the associated image register point makes an On-to-Off transition, closing it for one PU scan. Thereafter, it remains open until another On-to-Off transition. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, Y will energize whenever X is on, or for one PU scan when X transitions from Off to On. irectoft X Y X OR P X X Y In the following example, Y will energize whenever X is on, or for one PU scan when X transitions from On to Off. irectoft X Y X OR N X X Y L User Manual, nd Edition

23 oolean - nd Positive ifferential (NP) nd Negative ifferential (NN) The nd Positive ifferential instruction logically ands a normally open contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be open until the associated image register point makes an Off-to-On transition, closing it for one PU scan. Thereafter, it remains open until another Off-to-On transition. The nd Negative ifferential instruction logically ands a normally open contact in series with another contact in a rung. The status of the contact will be open until the associated image register point makes an On-to-Off transition, closing it for one PU scan. Thereafter, it remains open until another On-to-Off transition. Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, Y will energize for one PU scan whenever X is on and X transitions from Off to On. irectoft X X Y X N X P Y In the following example, Y will energize for one PU scan whenever X is on and X transitions from On to Off. irectoft X X Y X(IN) N X(IN) Y() N tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

24 - oolean et (ET) Reset (RT) The et instruction sets or turns on an image register point/memory location or a consecutive range of image register points/memory locations. Once the point/location is set it will remain on until it is reset using the Reset instruction. It is not necessary for the input controlling the et instruction to remain on. The Reset instruction resets or turns off an image register point/memory location or a range of image registers points/memory locations. Once the point/location is reset it is not necessary for the input to remain on. Optional memory range ET Optional memory range RT Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer* T --77 ounter* T --77 * Timer and counter operand data types are not valid using the et instruction. NOTE: You cannot set inputs (X s) that are assigned to input modules In the following example when X is on, Y through Y will energize. irectoft X Y ET Y ET In the following example when X is on, Y through Y will be reset or de--energized. irectoft X Y Y RT RT L User Manual, nd Edition

25 oolean - et it-of-word (ET) Reset it-of-word (RT) The et it-of-word instruction sets or turns on a bit in a V--memory location. Once the bit is set it will remain on until it is reset using the Reset it-of-word instruction. It is not necessary for the input controlling the et it-of-word instruction to remain on. The Reset it-of-word instruction resets or turns off a bit in a V--memory location. Once the bit is reset it is not necessary for the input to remain on. Operand ata Type L Range bb V--memory ll (ee p. --9) to Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) to.bb ET.bb RT In the following example when X turns on, bit in V is set to the on state. irectoft X. ET ET V K In the following example when X turns on, bit in V is reset to the off state. irectoft X V. RT V K RT tandard L User Manual, nd Edition

26 - omparative oolean omparative oolean tore If Equal (E) The tore If Equal instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung with a normally open comparative contact. The contact will be on when V =bbb. V bbb tore If Not Equal (NE) The tore If Not Equal instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung with a normally closed comparative contact. The contact will be on when V bbb. V bbb Operand ata Type L Range bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = 9, Y will energize. irectoft V K9 Y E E J 9 In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V 6, Y will energize. irectoft V K6 Y P N F E G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

27 omparative oolean - Or If Equal (ORE) The Or If Equal instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in parallel with another contact. The contact will be on when V = bbb. V bbb Or If Not Equal (ORNE) The Or If Not Equal instruction connects a normally closed comparative contact in parallel with another contact. The contact will be on when V bbb. V bbb Operand ata Type L Range bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = or V =, Y will energize. irectoft V K Y E F E V K Q OR E E F In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = 96 or V, Y will energize. irectoft V K96 Y J 9 E G 6 V K R ORN E F L User Manual, nd Edition

28 -6 omparative oolean nd If Equal (NE) The nd If Equal instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in series with another contact. The contact will be on when V = bbb. V bbb nd If Not Equal (NNE) The nd If Not Equal instruction connects a normally closed comparative contact in series with another contact. The contact will be on when V bbb V bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = and V =, Y will energize. irectoft V K V K Y F E V N E E F In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = and V, Y will energize. irectoft V K V K Y F E F W NN E F L User Manual, nd Edition

29 omparative oolean -7 tore () The omparative tore instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung with a normally open comparative contact. The contact will be on when ² bbb. bbb tore Not (N) The omparative tore Not instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung with a normally closed comparative contact. The contact will be on when < bbb. bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V ², Y will energize. irectoft V K Y V N In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V <, Y will energize. irectoft V K Y P N E V N F L User Manual, nd Edition

30 - omparative oolean Or (OR) The omparative Or instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in parallel with another contact. The contact will be on when ² bbb. bbb Or Not (ORN) The omparative Or Not instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in parallel with another contact. The contact will be on when < bbb. bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = 6 or V ², Y will energize. irectoft V K6 Y G 6 E E F V K Q OR V N E F In the following example when the value in V--memory location V = or V <, Y will energize. irectoft V K Y E V K R ORN F V N L User Manual, nd Edition

31 omparative oolean -9 nd (N) The omparative nd instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in series with another contact. The contact will be on when ² bbb. bbb nd Not (NN) The omparative nd Not instruction connects a normally open comparative contact in series with another contact. The contact will be on when < bbb. bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb V--memory V ll (ee page --9) ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K FFFF Timer T --77 ounter T --77 In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V =, and V ², Y will energize. irectoft V K V K Y F E V N V N E F In the following example, when the value in V--memory location V = 7 and V <, Y will energize. irectoft V K7 V K Y H 7 E W NN V N F Y N L User Manual, nd Edition

32 - Immediate Immediate tore Immediate (I) The tore Immediate instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung. The status of the contact will be the same as the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X tore Not Immediate (NI) The tore Not Immediate instruction begins a new rung or additional branch in a rung. The status of the contact will be opposite the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X In the following example, when X is on, Y will energize. irectoft X Y I In the following example when X is off, Y will energize. irectoft X Y P N I L User Manual, nd Edition

33 Immediate - Or Immediate (ORI) The Or Immediate connects two contacts in parallel. The status of the contact will be the same as the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X Or Not Immediate (ORNI) The Or Not Immediate connects two contacts in parallel. The status of the contact will be opposite the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X In the following example, when X or X is on, Y will energize. irectoft X Y X Q OR I F In the following example, when X is on or X is off, Y will energize. irectoft X Y X R ORN I F L User Manual, nd Edition

34 - Immediate nd Immediate (NI) The nd Immediate connects two contacts in series. The status of the contact will be the same as the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X nd Not Immediate (NNI) The nd Not Immediate connects two contacts in series. The status of the contact will be opposite the status of the associated input point on the module at the time the instruction is executed. The image register is not updated. X Operand ata Type L Range Inputs X In the following example, when X and X are on, Y will energize. irectoft X X Y V N I F In the following example, when X is on and X is off, Y will energize. irectoft X X Y W NN I F L User Manual, nd Edition

35 Immediate - Out Immediate (I) The Out Immediate instruction reflects the status of the rung (on/off) and outputs the discrete (on/off) status to the specified module output point and the image register at the time the instruction is executed. If multiple Out Immediate instructions referencing the same discrete point are used it is possible for the module output status to change multiple times in a PU scan. ee Or Out Immediate. Y I Or Out Immediate (ORI) The Or Out Immediate instruction has been designed to use more than rung of discrete logic to control a single output. Multiple Or Out Immediate instructions referencing the same output coil may be used, since all contacts controlling the output are ored together. If the status of any rung is on at the time the instruction is executed, the output will also be on. Y ORI Operand ata Type L Range Outputs Y In the following example, when X or X is on, Y will energize. irectoft X Y OR I O INT# F X Y OR I E O INT# F L User Manual, nd Edition

36 - Immediate et Immediate (ETI) The et Immediate instruction immediately sets, or turns on an output or a range of outputs in the image register and the corresponding output module(s) at the time the instruction is executed. Once the outputs are set it is not necessary for the input to remain on. The Reset Immediate instruction can be used to reset the outputs. Y ETI Reset Immediate (RTI) The Reset Immediate instruction immediately resets, or turns off an output or a range of outputs in the image register and the output module(s) at the time the instruction is executed. Once the outputs are reset it is not necessary for the input to remain on. Y RTI Operand ata Type L Range Outputs Y In the following example, when X is on, Y through Y will be set on in the image register and on the corresponding output module(s). irectoft X Y Y ETI X ET I F In the following example, when X is on, Y through Y will be reset (off) in the image register and on the corresponding output module(s). irectoft X Y Y RTI RT I F L User Manual, nd Edition

37 Timer, ounter and hift Register - Timer, ounter and hift Register Using Timers X Timers are used to time an event for a desired length of time. There are those applications that need an accumulating timer, meaning it has the ability to time, stop, and then resume from where it previously stopped. The single input timer will time as long as the input is on. When the input changes from on to off the timer current value is reset to. There is a tenth of a second and a hundredth of a second timer available with a maximum time of and seconds respectively. There is discrete bit associated with each timer to indicate the current value is equal to or greater than the preset value. The timing diagram below shows the relationship between the timer input, associated discrete bit, current value, and timer preset. econds 6 7 X TMR K T T urrent Value 6 / econds T Timer preset Y The accumulating timer works similarly to the regular timer, but two inputs are required. The start/stop input starts and stops the timer. When the timer stops, the elapsed time is maintained. When the timer starts again, the timing continues from the elapsed time. When the reset input is turned on, the elapsed time is cleared and the timer will start at when it is restarted. There is a tenth of a second and a hundredth of a second timer available with a maximum time of and seconds respectively. The timing diagram below shows the relationship between the timer input, timer reset, associated discrete bit, current value, and timer preset. X econds 6 7 X tart/top TMR K T X X Reset Input T urrent Value / econds L User Manual, nd Edition

38 -6 Timer, ounter and hift Register Timer (TMR) and Timer Fast (TMRF) The Timer instruction is a. second single input timer that times to a maximum of seconds. The Timer Fast instruction is a. second single input timer that times up to a maximum of seconds. These timers will be enabled if the input logic is true (on) and will be reset to if the input logic is false (off). Instruction pecifications Timer Reference (T): pecifies the timer number. Preset Value (bbb): onstant value (K), V--memory location, or Pointer (P). urrent Value: Timer current values are accessed by referencing the associated V or T memory location*. For example, the timer current value for T physically resides in V-memory location V. iscrete tatus it: The discrete status bit is accessed by referencing the associated T memory location. It will be on if the current value is equal to or greater than the preset value. For example the discrete status bit for timer would be T. TMR T bbb Preset Timer # TMRF bbb T Preset Timer # The timer discrete status bit and the current value are not specified in the timer instruction. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Timers T V--memory for preset values V ll ata Words (ee Page --9) Pointers (preset only) P ll ata Words (ee Page --9) onstants (preset only) Timer discrete status bits K T/V --77 Timer current values V/T* --77 There are two methods of programming timers. You can perform functions when the timer reaches the specified preset using the the discrete status bit, or use the comparative contacts to perform functions at different time intervals based on one timer. The following examples show each method of using timers. NOTE: The current value of a timer can be accessed by using the T data type (i.e., T). urrent values may also be accessed by the V-memory location. L User Manual, nd Edition

39 Timer, ounter and hift Register -7 Timer Example Using iscrete tatus its irectoft X In the following example, a single input timer is used with a preset of seconds. The timer discrete status bit (T) will turn on when the timer has timed for seconds. The timer is reset when X turns off, turning the discrete status bit off and resetting the timer current value to. TMR K T Timing iagram econds 6 7 X T Y T Y urrent Value 6 / econds N TMR T MLR Timer Example Using omparative ontacts irectoft X In the following example, a single input timer is used with a preset of. seconds. omparative contacts are used to energize Y, Y, and Y at one second intervals respectively. When X is turned off the timer will be reset to and the comparative contacts will turn off Y, Y, and Y. TMR T K Timing iagram econds 6 7 T K Y X Y T K Y Y Y T K Y T urrent Value 6 / econds N TMR E F T MLR E F T MLR T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

40 - Timer, ounter and hift Register ccumulating Timer (TMR) ccumulating Fast Timer (TMRF) The ccumulating Timer is a. second two input timer that will time to a maximum of The ccumulating Fast Timer is a. second two input timer that will time to a maximum of These timers have two inputs, an enable and a reset. The timer will start timing when the enable is on and stop timing when the enable is off without resetting the current value to. The reset will reset the timer when on and allow the timer to time when off. Instruction pecifications Timer Reference (T): pecifies the timer number. Preset Value (bbb): onstant value (K), V--memory location,or Pointer (P). urrent Value: Timer current values are accessed by referencing the associated V or T memory location (ee Note). For example, the timer current value for T resides in V-memory location V. iscrete tatus it: The discrete status bit is accessed by referencing the associated T memory location. It will be on if the current value is equal to or greater than the preset value. For example the discrete status bit for timer would be T. Enable Reset TMR bbb T Preset Timer # Enable Reset TMRF bbb T Preset Timer # aution: The TMR uses two consecutive timer locations, since the preset can now be digits, which requires two V-memory locations. For example, if TMR T is used in the program, the next available timer would be T. Or if T was a normal timer, and T was an accumulating timer, the next available timer would be T. The timer discrete status bit and the current value are not specified in the timer instruction. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Timers T V--memory for preset values V ll ata Words (ee Page --9) Pointers (preset only) P ll ata Words (ee Page --9) onstants (preset only) K Timer discrete status bits T/V --77 or V--7 Timer current values V/T* --77 There are two methods of programming timers. You can perform functions when the timer reaches the specified preset using the the discrete status bit, or use the comparative contacts to perform functions at different time intervals based on one timer. The following examples show each method of using timers. NOTE: The current value of a timer can be accessed by using the T data type (i.e., T). urrent values may also be accessed by the V-memory location. L User Manual, nd Edition

41 Timer, ounter and hift Register -9 ccumulating Timer Example using iscrete tatus its irectoft X In the following example, a two input timer (accumulating timer) is used with a preset of seconds. The timer discrete status bit (T6) will turn on when the timer has timed for seconds. Notice in this example the timer times for second, stops for one second, then resumes timing. The timer will reset when turns on, turning the discrete status bit off and resetting the timer current value to. TMR K T6 X Timing iagram econds 6 7 T6 Y T6 urrent Value / econds (cont) T MLR G 6 N TMR G 6 ccumulator Timer Example Using omparative ontacts In the following example, a single input timer is used with a preset of. seconds. omparative contacts are used to energized Y, Y, and Y at one second intervals respectively. The comparative contacts will turn off when the timer is reset. irectoft X TMR T Timing iagram econds 6 7 K X T K Y Y Y T K Y Y T T K Y urrent Value / econds (cont) N TMR T MLR T MLR E F E F T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

42 - Timer, ounter and hift Register ounter (NT) The ounter is a two input counter that increments when the count input logic transitions from off to on. When the counter reset input is on the counter resets to. When the current value equals the preset value, the counter status bit comes on and the counter continues to count up to a maximum count of The maximum value will be held until the counter is reset. Instruction pecifications ounter Reference (T): pecifies the counter number. Preset Value (bbb): onstant value (K), V--memory location, or Pointer (P). urrent Values: ounter current values are accessed by referencing the associated V or T memory locations*. The V-memory location is the counter location +. For example, the counter current value for T resides in V--memory location V. iscrete tatus it: The discrete status bit is accessed by referencing the associated T memory location. It will be on if the value is equal to or greater than the preset value. For example the discrete status bit for counter would be T. ount Reset ounter # NT T bbb Preset The counter discrete status bit and the current value are not specified in the counter instruction. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb ounters T V--memory (preset only) V ll ata Words (ee Page --9) Pointers (preset only) P ll ata Words (ee Page --9) onstants (preset only) K ounter discrete status bits T/V --77 or V--7 ounter current values V/T* --77 NOTE: The current value of a counter can be accessed by using the T data type (i.e., T). urrent values may also be accessed by the V-memory location. L User Manual, nd Edition

43 Timer, ounter and hift Register - ounter Example Using iscrete tatus its irectoft In the following example, when X makes an off to on transition, counter T will increment by one. When the current value reaches the preset value of, the counter status bit T will turn on and energize Y. When the reset turns on, the counter status bit will turn off and the current value will be. The current value for counter T will be held in V--memory location V. ounting diagram X NT K T X T Y Y urrent Value (cont) T MLR GY NT ounter Example Using omparative ontacts In the following example, when X makes an off to on transition, counter T will increment by one. omparative contacts are used to energize Y, Y, and Y at different counts. When the reset turns on, the counter status bit will turn off and the counter current value will be, and the comparative contacts will turn off. irectoft ounting diagram X NT K T X T K Y Y Y T K Y Y T K Y urrent Value (cont) T MLR GY NT T MLR E F T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

44 - Timer, ounter and hift Register tage ounter (GNT) The tage ounter is a single input counter that increments when the input logic transitions from off to on. This counter differs from other counters since it will hold its current value until reset using the RT instruction. The tage ounter is designed for use in RLL PLU programs but can be used in relay ladder logic programs. When the current value equals the preset value, the counter status bit turns on and the counter continues to count up to a maximum count of The maximum value will be held until the counter is reset. Instruction pecifications ounter Reference (T): pecifies the counter number. Preset Value (bbb): onstant value (K), V--memory location or Pointer (P). urrent Values: ounter current values are accessed by referencing the associated V or T memory locations*. The V-memory location is the counter location +. For example, the counter current value for T resides in V--memory location V. iscrete tatus it: The discrete status bit is accessed by referencing the associated T memory location. It will be on if the value is equal to or greater than the preset value. For example the discrete status bit for counter would be T. GNT T bbb Preset ounter # The counter discrete status bit and the current value are not specified in the counter instruction. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb ounters T V--memory (preset only) V ll ata Words (ee Page --9) Pointers (preset only) P ll ata Words (ee Page --9) onstants (preset only) K ounter discrete status bits T/V --77 or V--7 ounter current values V/T* --77 NOTE: The current value of a counter can be accessed by using the T data type (i.e., T). urrent values may also be accessed by the V-memory location. L User Manual, nd Edition

45 Timer, ounter and hift Register - tage ounter Example Using iscrete tatus its irectoft X In the following example, when X makes an off to on transition, stage counter T7 will increment by one. When the current value reaches, the counter status bit T7 will turn on and energize Y. The counter status bit T7 will remain on until the counter is reset using the RT instruction. When the counter is reset, the counter status bit will turn off and the counter current value will be. The current value for counter T7 will be held in V--memory location V7. GNT T7 K X ounting diagram T7 Y T7 RT Y urrent Value RT T7 (cont) RT G 6 GY NT F H 7 RT T MLR H 7 T MLR H 7 tage ounter Example Using omparative ontacts irectoft X In the following example, when X makes an off to on transition, counter T will increment by one. omparative contacts are used to energize Y, Y, and Y at different counts. lthough this is not shown in the example, when the counter is reset using the Reset instruction, the counter status bit will turn off and the current value will be. The current value for counter T will be held in V--memory location V7. GNT T K X ounting diagram T K Y Y T K Y Y Y T K Y urrent Value (cont) RT G 6 GY NT T MLR E T MLR T MLR F L User Manual, nd Edition

46 - Timer, ounter and hift Register Up own ounter (U) This Up/own ounter counts up on each off to on transition of the Up input and counts down on each off to on transition of the own input. The counter is reset to when the Reset input is on. The count range is The count input not being used must be off in order for the active count input to function. Up own Reset U T bbb ounter # Preset Instruction pecification ounter Reference (T): pecifies the counter number. Preset Value (bbb): onstant value (K), V--memory locations, or Pointer (P). urrent Values: urrent count is a double word value accessed by referencing the associated V or T memory locations*. The V-memory location is the counter location +. For example, the counter current value for T resides in V--memory location V and V6. iscrete tatus it: The discrete status bit is accessed by referencing the associated T memory location. It will be on if value is equal to or greater than the preset value. For example the discrete status bit for counter would be T. aution : The U uses two V memory locations for the digit current value. This means the U uses two consecutive counter locations. If U T is used in the program, the next available counter is T. The counter discrete status bit and the current value are not specified in the counter instruction. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb ounters T V--memory (preset only) V ll ata Words (ee Page --9) Pointers (preset only) P ll ata Words (ee Page --9) onstants (preset only) K ounter discrete status bits T/V --77 or V--7 ounter current values V/T* --77 NOTE: The current value of a counter can be accessed by using the T data type (i.e., T). urrent values may also be accessed by the V-memory location. L User Manual, nd Edition

47 Timer, ounter and hift Register - Up / own ounter Example Using iscrete tatus its In the following example if X and X are off,when X toggles from off to on the counter will increment by one. If X and X are off the counter will decrement by one when X toggles from off to on. When the count value reaches the preset value of, the counter status bit will turn on. When the reset X turns on, the counter status bit will turn off and the current value will be. irectoft X X U K T X ounting iagram X X X T Y T urrent Value (cont) T MLR U IG Up / own ounter Example Using omparative ontacts In the following example, when X makes an off to on transition, counter T will increment by one. omparative contacts are used to energize Y and Y at different counts. When the reset (X) turns on, the counter status bit will turn off, the current value will be, and the comparative contacts will turn off. irectoft X X U T V X ounting iagram X X X T K Y T K Y Y Y urrent Value (cont) U IG V N E T MLR T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

48 -6 Timer, ounter and hift Register hift Register (R) The hift Register instruction shifts data through a predefined number of control relays. The control ranges in the shift register block must start at the beginning of an bit boundary and end at the end of an bit boundary. The hift Register has three contacts. ata determines the value ( or ) that will enter the register lock shifts the bits one position on each low to high transition T LOK REET R From To bbb Reset resets the hift Register to all zeros. With each off to on transition of the clock input, the bits which make up the shift register block are shifted by one bit position and the status of the data input is placed into the starting bit position in the shift register. The direction of the shift depends on the entry in the From and To fields. From to 7 would define a block of sixteen bits to be shifted from left to right. From 7 to would define a block of sixteen bits, to be shifted from right to left. The maximum size of the shift register block depends on the number of available control relays. The minimum block size is control relays. Operand ata Type L Range / bbb ontrol Relay irectoft X ata Input R X lock Input From X Reset Input To 7 RT H 7 R ORN Inputs on uccessive cans hift Register its ata lock Reset 7 -- indicates on -- indicates off L User Manual, nd Edition

49 ccumulator/tack Load -7 ccumulator / tack Load and Output ata Using the ccumulator opying ata to the ccumulator The accumulator in the L PU is a bit register which is used as a temporary storage location for data that is being copied or manipulated in some manor. For example, you have to use the accumulator to perform math operations such as add, subtract, multiply, etc. ince there are bits, you can use up to an -digit number, or a -bit s complement number. The accumulator is reset to at the end of every PU scan. The Load and Out instructions and their variations are used to copy data from a V-memory location to the accumulator, or, to copy data from the accumulator to V--memory. The following example copies data from V-memory location V to V--memory location V. X L V opy data from V to the lower 6 bits of the accumulator Unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. V 9 9 V 9 opy data from the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V ince the accumulator is bits and V--memory locations are 6 bits the Load ouble and Out ouble (or variations thereof) use two consecutive V--memory locations or digit constants to copy data either to the accumulator from a V--memory address or from a V--memory address to the accumulator. For example if you wanted to copy data from V--memory location V and V to V--memory location V and V the most efficient way to perform this function would be as follows: X L V V V 6 opy data from V and V to the accumulator cc V opy data from the accumulator to V and V V 6 V L User Manual, nd Edition

50 - ccumulator/tack Load hanging the ccumulator ata that manipulate data also use the accumulator. The result of the manipulated data resides in the accumulator. The data that was being manipulated is cleared from the accumulator. The following example loads the constant value 9 into the accumulator, shifts the data right bits, and outputs the result to V. X L K9 onstant 9 Load the value 9 into the accumulator cc. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator will be set to hifted out of accumulator HFR K cc hift the data in the accumulator bits (K) to the right V Output the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V 9 V ome of the data manipulation instructions use bits. They use two consecutive V--memory locations or digit constants to manipulate data in the accumulator. The following example rotates the value 67 two bits to the right and outputs the value to V and V. X L K67 onstant 6 7 Load the value 67 into the accumulator cc. ROTR K Rotate the data in the accumulator bits to the right cc V Output the value in the accumulator to V and V 9 V V L User Manual, nd Edition

51 ccumulator/tack Load -9 Using the ccumulator tack The accumulator stack is used for instructions that require more than one parameter to execute a function or for user defined functionality. The accumulator stack is used when more than one Load type instruction is executed without the use of the Out type instruction. The first load instruction in the scan places a value into the accumulator. Every Load instruction thereafter without the use of an Out instruction places a value into the accumulator and the value that was in the accumulator is placed onto the accumulator stack. The Out instruction nullifies the previous load instruction and does not place the value that was in the accumulator onto the accumulator stack when the next load instruction is executed. Every time a value is placed onto the accumulator stack the other values in the stack are pushed down one location. The accumulator is eight levels deep (eight bit registers). If there is a value in the eighth location when a new value is placed onto the stack, the value in the eighth location is pushed off the stack and cannot be recovered. X L K Load the value into the accumulator onstant urrent cc. value cc. Previous cc. value cc. Level Level Level ccumulator tack Level Level Level 6 L K onstant urrent cc. value Level 7 Level Load the value into the accumulator, pushing the value onto the stack cc. Previous cc. value cc. Level Level ccumulator tack ucket Level Level Level Level 6 L K66 onstant 6 6 urrent cc. value Level 7 Level Load the value 66 into the accumulator, pushing the value to the st stack location and the value to the nd stack location cc. 6 6 Previous cc. value cc. Level Level Level Level Level Level 6 Level 7 Level ccumulator tack The POP instruction rotates values upward through the stack into the accumulator. When a POP is executed the value which was in the accumulator is cleared and the value that was on top of the stack is in the accumulator. The values in the stack are shifted up one position in the stack. ucket ucket L User Manual, nd Edition

52 - ccumulator/tack Load X POP Previous cc. value cc. POP the st value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location urrent cc. value cc. Level Level ccumulator tack Level Level V opy data from the accumulator to V V Level Level 6 Level 7 Level POP Previous cc. value cc. POP the st value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location urrent cc. value cc. 7 9 Level Level ccumulator tack 7 9 Level Level V opy data from the accumulator to V V 7 9 Level Level 6 Level 7 Level POP Previous cc. value cc. 7 9 POP the st value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location urrent cc. value cc. X X X X 7 9 Level Level ccumulator tack Level Level V opy data from the accumulator to V V 7 9 Level Level 6 Level 7 Level L User Manual, nd Edition

53 ccumulator/tack Load - Using Pointers Many of the instructions will allow V--memory pointers as a operand. Pointers can be useful in ladder logic programming, but can be difficult to understand or implement in your application if you do not have prior experience with pointers (commonly known as indirect addressing). Pointers allow instructions to obtain data from V--memory locations referenced by the pointer value. NOTE: V-memory addressing is in octal. However the value in the pointer location which will reference a V-memory location is viewed as HEX. Use the Load ddress instruction to move a address into the pointer location. This instruction performs the Octal to Hexadecimal conversion for you. The following example uses a pointer operand in a Load instruction. V-memory location is the pointer location. V contains the value which is the HEX equivalent of the Octal address V-memory location V. The PU copies the data from V into the lower word of the accumulator. X L P V (P) contains the value Hex. Hex. = Octal which contains the value 6. V V V 6 X X X X X X X X V V V X X X X X X X X ccumulator V V X X X X 6 opy the data from the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V. V 6 V X X X X The following example is similar to the one above, except for the L (load address) instruction which automatically converts the Octal address to the Hex equivalent. X L O V Load the lower 6 bits of the accumulator with Hexadecimal equivalent to Octal ()) opy the data from the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V Unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. Octal is converted to Hexadecimal and loaded into the accumulator L P V (P) contains the value HEX HEX. = Octal which contains the value 6 V V opy the data from the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V 6 V X X X X V V V V V X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X V 6 ccumulator 6 V X X X X L User Manual, nd Edition

54 - ccumulator/tack Load Load (L) The Load instruction is a 6 bit instruction that loads the value (), which is either a V--memory location or a digit constant, into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator are set to. L Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P76 escription on when the value loaded into the accumulator by any instruction is zero. NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator and output to V. irectoft X L V V 9 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. 9 V 9 V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT V N L User Manual, nd Edition

55 ccumulator/tack Load - Load ouble (L) The Load ouble instruction is a bit instruction that loads the value (), which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or an digit constant value, into the accumulator. L Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P76 escription on when the value loaded into the accumulator by any instruction is zero. NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example, when X is on, the bit value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator and output to V and V. irectoft X L V V V 6 Load the value in V and V into the bit accumulator cc V opy the value in the bit accumulator to V and V V 6 V L NT L User Manual, nd Edition

56 - ccumulator/tack Load Load Formatted (LF) The Load Formatted instruction loads -- consecutive bits from discrete memory locations into the accumulator. The instruction requires a starting location () and the number of bits (Kbbb) to be loaded. Unused accumulator bit locations are set to zero. LF K bbb Operand ata Type L Range bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage its Timer its T ounter its T pecial Relays P onstant K iscrete it Flags P76 escription on when the value loaded into the accumulator by any instruction is zero. NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example, when is on, the binary pattern of --6 (7 bits) will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The lower 6 bits of the accumulator are output to Y--Y6 using the Out Formatted instruction. irectoft LF K7 Location onstant K7 6 OFF OFF OFF ON ON ON OFF Load the status of 7 consecutive bits (--6) into the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc F K7 Y opy the value from the specified number of bits in the accumulator to Y--Y6 Location Y onstant K7 Y6 Y Y Y Y Y Y OFF OFF OFF ON ON ON OFF L NT F F H 7 H 7 L User Manual, nd Edition

57 ccumulator/tack Load - Load ddress (L) The Load ddress instruction is a 6 bit instruction. It converts any octal value or address to the HEX equivalent value and loads the HEX value into the accumulator. This instruction is useful when an address parameter is required since all addresses for the system are in octal. L O Operand ata Type L Range Octal ddress O ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P76 escription on when the value loaded into the accumulator by any instruction is zero. NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example when X is on, the octal number will be converted to a HEX and loaded into the accumulator using the Load ddress instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L O Octal Hexadecimal Load The HEX equivalent to the octal number into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. V V opy the value in lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT E E V N L User Manual, nd Edition

58 -6 ccumulator/tack Load Load ccumulator Indexed (LX) Load ccumulator Indexed is a 6 bit instruction that specifies a source address (V--memory) which will be offset by the value in the first stack location. This instruction interprets the value in the first stack location as HEX. The value in the offset address (source address + offset) is loaded into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator are set to. LX Helpful Hint: The Load ddress instruction can be used to convert an octal address to a HEX address and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example when X is on, the HEX equivalent for octal will be loaded into the accumulator (this value will be placed on the stack when the Load ccumulator Indexed instruction is executed). V--memory location V will be added to the value in the st. level of the stack and the value in this location (V = ) is loaded into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator using the Load ccumulator Indexed instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator is output to V using the Out instruction. X L O Octal Hexadecimal Load The HEX equivalent to octal into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. LX V Move the offset to the stack. Load the accumulator with the address to be offset V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V Octal HEX Value in st stack location + = V The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. Octal The value in V is Level Level Level Level Level Level 6 Level 7 Level ccumulator tack V X L O L X V V L User Manual, nd Edition

59 ccumulator/tack Load -7 Load ccumulator Indexed from ata onstants (LX) The Load ccumulator Indexed from ata onstants is a 6 bit instruction. The instruction specifies a ata Label rea (LL) where numerical or II constants are stored. This value will be loaded into the lower 6 bits. LX K The LX instruction uses the value in the first level of the accumulator stack as an offset to determine which numerical or II constant within the ata Label rea will be loaded into the accumulator. The LX instruction interprets the value in the first level of the accumulator stack as a HEX value. Helpful Hint: The Load ddress instruction can be used to convert octal to HEX and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF NOTE: Two consecutive Load instructions will place the value of the first load instruction onto the accumulator stack. In the following example when X is on, the offset of is loaded into the accumulator. This value will be placed into the first level of the accumulator stack when the LX instruction is executed. The LX instruction specifies the ata Label (LL K) where the numerical constant(s) are located in the program and loads the constant value, indicated by the offset in the stack, into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. LL X K L K Load the offset value of (K) into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. LX K Move the offset to the stack. Load the accumulator with the data label number EN The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. cc. K The unused accumulator bits are set to zero Hexadecimal onstant Level Level Level Level Level Level 6 Level 7 Level Value in st. level of stack is used as offset. The value is ccumulator tack NON K Offset The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. NON K Offset NON K9 V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V Offset V L User Manual, nd Edition

60 - ccumulator/tack Load L NT K JMP L NT RT X ET E N TMR L NT L NT N TMR O INT# N TMR N TMR O INT# N TMR N TMR O INT# N TMR E F E J 9 V N Load Real Number (LR) The Load Real Number instruction loads a real number contained in two consecutive V-memory locations, or an -digit constant into the accumulator. LR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll V mem (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll V mem (ee p. --9) Real onstant R Full IEEE -bit range irectoft allows you to enter real numbers directly, by using the leading R to indicate a real number entry. You can enter a constant such as Pi, shown in the example to the right. To enter negative numbers, use a minus (--) after the R. LR R.9 For very large numbers or very small numbers, you can use exponential notation. The number to the right is. million. The instruction stores it in V and V. LR R.E6 V These real numbersare in the IEEE -bit floating point format. They occupy two V-memory locations, regardless of how big or small the number may be! If you view a stored real number in hex, binary, or even, the number shown will be very difficult to decipher. Like all other number types, you must keep track of real number locations in memory, so they can be read with the proper instructions later. The previous example above stored a real number in V and V. uppose that now we want to LR retreive that number. Just use the Load Real with V the V data type, as shown to the right. Next we could perform real math on it, or convert it to a binary number. L User Manual, nd Edition

61 ccumulator/tack Load -9 Out () The Out instruction is a 6 bit instruction that copies the value in the lower 6 bits of theaccumulatortoaspecifiedv--memory location (). Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator are copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V 9 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. 9 V 9 V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT V N L User Manual, nd Edition

62 -6 ccumulator/tack Load Out OULE () The Out ouble instruction is a bit instruction that copies the value in the accumulator to two consecutive V--memory locations at a specified starting location (). Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) In the following example, when X is on, the bit value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is output to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V V 6 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V V 6 V L NT L User Manual, nd Edition

63 ccumulator/tack Load -6 Out Formatted (F) The Out Formatted instruction outputs -- bits from the accumulator to the specified discrete memory locations. The instruction requires a starting location () for the destination and the number of bits (Kbbb) to be output. F K bbb Operand ata Type L Range bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays onstant K In the following example, when is on, the binary pattern of --6 (7 bits) will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The lower 7 bits of the accumulator are output to Y--Y6 using the Out Formatted instruction. irectoft LF K7 Location onstant K7 6 OFF OFF OFF ON ON ON OFF Load the status of 7 consecutive bits (--6) into the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero ccumulator F K7 Y opy the value of the specified number of bits from the accumulator to Y--Y6 Location Y onstant K7 Y6 Y Y Y Y Y Y OFF OFF OFF ON ON ON OFF L NT F H 7 F H 7 L User Manual, nd Edition

64 -6 ccumulator/tack Load Out Indexed (X) The Out Indexed instruction is a 6 bit instruction. It copies a 6 bit or digit value from the first level of the accumulator stack to a source address offset by the value in the accumulator(v--memory + offset).this instruction interprets the offset value as a HEX number. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator are set to zero. X Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) In the following example, when X is on, the constant value is loaded into the accumulator. This is the value that will be output to the specified offset V--memory location (V). The value will be placed onto the stack when the Load ddress instruction is executed. Remember, two consecutive Load instructions places the value of the first load instruction onto the stack. The Load ddress instruction converts octal to HEX and places the value in the accumulator. The Out Indexed instruction outputs the value which resides in the first level of the accumulator stack to V. irectoft X L K Load the accumulator with the value The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. onstant L O Octal HEX Load The HEX equivalent to octal into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. This is the offset for the Out Indexed instruction, which determines the final destination address The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. X V opy the value in the first level of the stack to the offset address (V + ) Octal Octal V + = The hex converts to octal, which is added to the base address of V to yield the final destination. V Octal V Level Level Level Level ccumulator tack Level L L X V O Level 6 Level 7 Level L User Manual, nd Edition

65 ccumulator/tack Load -6 Pop (POP) The Pop instruction moves the value from the first level of the accumulator stack ( bits) to the accumulator and shifts each value in the stack up one level. POP In the example, when is on, the value that was on top of the stack is moved into the accumulator using the Pop instruction The value is output to V using the Out instruction. The next Pop moves the value 79 into the accumulator and outputs the value to V. The last Pop moves the value 79 into the accumulator and outputs the value to V. Please note if the value in the stack were greater than 6 bits ( digits) the Out ouble instruction would be used and two V--memory locations for each Out ouble need to be allocated. iscrete it Flags P6 escription on when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. POP Previous cc. value cc. Pop the st. value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location V urrent cc. value cc. Level Level Level Level ccumulator tack opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V POP V Level Level 6 Level 7 Level Pop the st. value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location Previous cc. value V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V cc. urrent cc. value cc. 7 9 Level Level Level ccumulator tack 7 9 POP Level Pop the st. value on the stack into the accumulator and move stack values up one location V 7 9 Level Level 6 Level 7 Level V Previous cc. value opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V cc. 7 9 urrent cc. value ccumulator tack cc. 7 9 Level Level Level P V P V P V O INT# V N O INT# V N O INT# P V P V P V V 7 9 Level Level Level 6 Level 7 Level V N L User Manual, nd Edition

66 -6 ccumualtor Logical ccumulator Logical nd (N) The nd instruction is a 6 bit instruction that logically ands the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator with a specified V--memory location (). The result resides in the accumulator. The discrete status flag indicates if the result of the nd is zero. N Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the accumulator is anded with the value in V6 using the nd instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator is output to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator will be set to N V6 cc. Nthevalueinthe accumulator with the value in V6 6 N (V6) cc. V V N L NT opy the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V N G 6 V V N L User Manual, nd Edition

67 ccumulator Logical -6 nd ouble (N) The nd ouble is a bit instruction that logically ands the value in the accumulator with an digit (max.) constant value (). The result resides in the accumulator. iscrete status flags indicate if the result of the nd ouble is zero or a negative number (the most significant bit is on). N K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is anded with 676 using the nd double instruction. The value in the accumulator is output to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 E V 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc N K676 cc. Nthevalueinthe accumulator with the constant value 676 N 676 cc. V 6 opy the value in the accumulator to V and V V V V N L NT K JMP G 6 E H 7 G 6 I L User Manual, nd Edition

68 -66 ccumualtor Logical nd Formatted (NF) The nd Formatted instruction logically Ns the binary value in the accumulator and a specified range of discrete memory bits (--). The instruction requires a starting location () and number of bits (Kbbb) to be Ned. iscrete status flags indicate if the result is zero or a negative number (the most significant bit =). NF K bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage its Timer its T ounter its T pecial Relays P onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on the Load Formatted instruction loads -- ( binary bits) into the accumulator. The accumulator contents is logically Ned with the bit pattern from Y--Y using the nd Formatted instruction. The Out Formatted instruction outputs the accumulator s lower four bits to --. irectoft X LF K Location onstant K ON ON ON OFF Load the status of consecutive bits (--) into the accumulator NF F K K Y nd the binary bit pattern (Y--Y) with the value in the accumulator N (Y--Y) ccumulator Y Y Y Y ON OFF OFF OFF The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc cc. opy the value in the lower bitsinaccumulatorto -- L F K Location onstant K ON OFF OFF OFF N F Y K F K L User Manual, nd Edition

69 ccumulator Logical -67 Or (OR) The Or instruction is a 6 bit instruction that logically ors the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator with a specified V--memory location (). The result resides in the accumulator. The discrete status flag indicates if the result of the Or is zero. OR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the accumulator is ored with V6 using the Or instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator are output to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator will be set to OR V6 cc. Or the value in the accumulator with the value in V6 6 OR (V6) cc. V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V 6 7 V L NT Q OR V N V N G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

70 -6 ccumualtor Logical Or ouble (OR) The Or ouble is a bit instruction that ors the value in the accumulator with an digit (max.) constant value. The result resides in the accumulator. iscrete status flags indicate if the result of the Or ouble is zero or a negative number (the most significant bit is on). OR K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is ored with 676 using the Or ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is output to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 E V 7 Load the value in V and V into accumulator cc OR K676 cc. OR the value in the accumulator with the constant value 676 OR 676 cc. V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V F V 6 7 V Q OR L NT K JMP G 6 E H 7 G 6 I L User Manual, nd Edition

71 ccumulator Logical -69 Or Formatted (ORF) The Or Formatted instruction logically ORs the binary value in the accumulator and a specified range of discrete bits (--). The instruction requires a starting location () and the number of bits (Kbbb) to be ORed. iscrete status flags indicate if the result is zero or negative (the most significant bit =). ORF K bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage its Timer its T ounter its T pecial Relays P onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on the Load Formatted instruction loads -- ( binary bits) into the accumulator. The Or Formatted instruction logically ORs the accumulator contents with Y--Y bit pattern. The Out Formatted instruction outputs the accumulator s lower four bits to --. irectoft X LF K Location onstant K OFF ON ON OFF Load the status of consecutive bits (--) into the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero ORF K Y cc Or the binary bit pattern (Y--Y) with the value in the accumulator Y Y Y Y F K OR (Y--Y) cc. ON OFF OFF OFF opy the specified number of bits from the accumulator to -- L F K Location onstant K ON ON ON OFF OR F Y K F K L User Manual, nd Edition

72 -7 ccumualtor Logical Exclusive Or (XOR) The Exclusive Or instruction is a 6 bit instruction that performs an exclusive or of the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator and a specified V--memory location (). The result resides in the in the accumulator. The discrete status flag indicates if the result of the XOR is zero. XOR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the accumulator is exclusive ored with V6 using the Exclusive Or instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator are output to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc. The upper 6 bits of the accumulator will be set to XOR V6 cc. XORthevalueinthe accumulator with the value in V6 6 XOR (V6) cc. V opy the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V E V X ET L NT X ET Q OR V N V N V N G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

73 ccumulator Logical -7 Exclusive Or ouble (XOR) The Exclusive OR ouble is a bit instruction that performs an exclusive or of the value in the accumulator and the value (), which is a digit (max.) constant. The result resides in the accumulator. iscrete status flags indicate if the result of the Exclusive Or ouble is zero or a negative number (the most significant bit is on). XOR K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is exclusively ored with 676 using the Exclusive Or ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is output to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V 7 E V 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator XOR K676 cc XOR the value in the accumulator with the constant value 676 cc. XOR 676 V cc. opy the value in the accumulator to V and V 6 9 V V L NT X ET G 6 Q OR E H 7 G 6 K JMP I L User Manual, nd Edition

74 -7 ccumualtor Logical Exclusive Or Formatted (XORF) The Exclusive Or Formatted instruction performs an exclusive OR of the binary value in the accumulator and a specified range of discrete memory bits (--). XORF K bbb The instruction requires a starting location () and the number of bits (bbb) to be exclusive ORed. iscrete status flags indicate if the result of the Exclusive Or Formatted is zero or negative (the most significant bit =). Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage its Timer its T ounter its T pecial Relays P onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription Will be on if the result in the accumulator is zero Will be on is the result in the accumulator is negative NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the binary pattern of -- ( bits) will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The value in the accumulator will be logically Exclusive Ored with the bit pattern from Y--Y using the Exclusive Or Formatted instruction. The value in the lower bits of the accumulator are output to -- using the Out Formatted instruction. irectoft X LF K Location onstant K OFF ON ON OFF Load the status of consecutive bits (--) into the accumulator XORF F K K Y Exclusive Or the binary bit pattern (Y--Y) with the value in the accumulator. XORF (Y--Y) ccumulator Y Y Y Y ON OFF OFF OFF The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc cc. opy the specified number of bits from the accumulator to -- L F K Location onstant K ON ON ON OFF X OR F Y K F K L User Manual, nd Edition

75 ccumulator Logical -7 ompare (MP) The compare instruction is a 6 bit instruction that compares the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator with the value in a specified V--memory location (). The corresponding status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. MP Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 escription On when the value in the accumulator is less than the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is equal to the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is greater than the instruction value. NOTE: The status flags are updated immediately after the instruction is carried out during the scan of the PU, therefore, it is only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example when X is on, the constant 6 will be loaded into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the accumulator is compared with the value in V using the ompare instruction. The corresponding discrete status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. In this example, if the value in the accumulator is less than the value specified in the ompare instruction, P6 will turn on energizing. irectoft X L K6 onstant 6 Load the constant value 6 into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. 6 MP V ompare the value in the accumulator with the value in V ompared with 9 V P6 L NT M ORT P N P V G 6 K JMP E F G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

76 -7 ccumualtor Logical ompare ouble (MP) The ompare ouble instruction is a --bit instruction that compares the value in the accumulator with the value (), which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or an --digit (max.) constant. The corresponding status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. MP Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page--9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K --FFFFFFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 escription On when the value in the accumulator is less than the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is equal to the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is greater than the instruction value. NOTE: The status flags are updated immediately after the instruction is carried out during the scan of the PU, therefore, it is only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is compared with the value in V and V using the MP instruction. The corresponding discrete status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. In this example, if the value in the accumulator is less than the value specified in the ompare instruction, P6 will turn on energizing. X L V V 6 V Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc MP V ompare the value in the accumulator with the value in V and V V ompared with 6 V P6 L NT M ORT P V P N G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

77 ccumulator Logical -7 ompare Formatted (MPF) The ompare Formatted compares the value in the accumulator with a specified number of discrete locations (--). The instruction requires a starting location () and the number of bits (Kbbb) to be compared. The corresponding status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. MPF K bbb Operand ata Type L Range / bbb Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage its Timer its T ounter its T pecial Relays P onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 escription On when the value in the accumulator is less than the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is equal to the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is greater than the instruction value. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on the Load Formatted instruction loads the binary value (6) from -- into the accumulator. The MPF instruction compares the value in the accumulator to the value in Y--Y (E hex). The corresponding discrete status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. In this example, if the value in the accumulator is less than the value specified in the ompare instruction, P6 will turn on energizing. irectoft X P6 LF MPF K Y K Load the value of the specified discrete locations (--) into the accumulator ompare the value in the accumulator with the value of the specified discrete location (Y--Y) Location The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. Y Y Y Y ON ON ON OFF onstant K 6 ompared with E OFF ON ON OFF L User Manual, nd Edition

78 -76 ccumualtor Logical ompare Real Number (MPR) The ompare Real Number instruction compares a real number value in the accumulator with two consecutive V--memory locations containing a real number. The corresponding status flag will be turned on indicating the result of the comparison. oth numbers being compared are bits long. MPR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant R --.E+ to + --.E+ iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 P7 P7 escription On when the value in the accumulator is less than the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is equal to the instruction value. On when the value in the accumulator is greater than the instruction value. On anytime the V-memory specified by a pointer (P) is not valid. On when a real number instruction is executed and a non--real number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example when X is on, the LR instruction loads the real number representation for 7 decimal into the accumulator. The MPR instruction compares the accumulator contents with the real representation for decimal 6. ince 7 > 6, the corresponding discrete status flag is turned on (special relay P6). irectoft X LR R7. Load the real number representation for decimal 7 into the accumulator. cc. E MPR R6. ompare the value with the real number representation for decimal 6. MPR P6 L User Manual, nd Edition

79 Math -77 Math dd () dd is a 6 bit instruction that adds a value in the accumulator with a value in a V--memory location (). The result resides in the accumulator. You cannot use a constant as the parameter in the box. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 P66 P67 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit addition instruction results in a carry. On when the bit addition instruction results in a carry. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator are added to the value in V6 using the dd instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V 9 Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator V6 ddthevalueinthelower 6 bits of the accumulator withthevalueinv6 The unused accumulator bits are set to zero 9 + cc. 7 (ccumulator) (V6) V 7 opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT G 6 V V N L User Manual, nd Edition

80 -7 Math dd ouble () dd ouble is a bit instruction that adds the value in the accumulator with a value (), which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or an --digit (max.) constant. The result resides in the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P66 P67 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit addition instruction results in a carry. On when the bit addition instruction results in a carry. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is added with the value in V6 and V7 using the dd ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft V V X L V Load the value in V and V into the accumulator V (ccumulator) (V6 and V7) ddthevalueinthe accumulator with the value in V6 and V7 cc V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V L NT V V G 6 V N L User Manual, nd Edition

81 Math -79 dd Real (R) dd Real is a --bit instruction that adds a real number, which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or a --bit constant, to a real number in the accumulator. oth numbers must conform to the IEEE floating point format. The result is a --bit real number that resides in the accumulator. R Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll V mem (ee p. --9) onstant R --.E+ to +.E+ iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On anytime the V-memory specified by a pointer (P) is not valid. On anytime the value in the accumulator is an invalid floating point number. on when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. On anytime a floating point math operation results in an underflow error. On when a real number instruction is executed and a non-real number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. X LR E R7. Load the real number 7. into the accumulator 7 (decimal) E (ccumulator) (R) cc. R R. V V dd the real number. to the accumulator contents, which is in real number format. Real Value (Hex number) V cc. opy the result in the accumulator to V and V. ign it Exponent ( bits) + + = -- 7 = Implies (exp ) Mantissa ( bits). x (exp ) =. binary= decimal NOTE: The current HPP does not support real number entry with automatic conversion to the -bit IEEE format. You must use irectoft for this feature. L User Manual, nd Edition

82 - Math ubtract (U) ubtract is a 6 bit instruction that subtracts the value () in a V--memory location from the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The result resides in the accumulator. You cannot use a constant as the parameter in the box. U Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On when the bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in V6 is subtracted from the value in the accumulator using the ubtract instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft V X L 7 V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero 7 (ccumulator) U V6 ubtract the value in V6 from the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator y 9 (V6) cc. V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT RT U IG V N V G 6 V N L User Manual, nd Edition

83 Math - ubtract ouble (U) ubtract ouble is a bit instruction that subtracts the value (), which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or an -digit (max.) constant, from the value in the accumulator. The result resides in the accumulator. U Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On when the bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in V6 and V7 is subtracted from the value in the accumulator. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V 6 V 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator 6 7 (ccumulator) U y (V6 and V7) V The in V6 and V7 is subtracted from the value in the accumulator V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V L NT RT U IG 9 V 9 9 V G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

84 - Math ubtract Real (UR) ubtract Real is a --bit instruction that subtracts a real number, which is either two consecutive V--memory locations or a --bit constant, from a real number in the accumulator. oth numbers must conform to the IEEE floating point format. The result is a --bit real number that resides in the accumulator. UR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll V mem (ee p. --9) onstant R --.E+ to +.E+ iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On anytime the V-memory specified by a pointer (P) is not valid. On anytime the value in the accumulator is a valid floating point number. on when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. On anytime a floating point math operation results in an underflow error. On when a real number instruction is executed and a non-real number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. irectoft isplay X LR R. Load the real number. into the accumulator. (decimal) (ccumulator) (UR) 7 cc. E UR R. V V ubtract the real number. from the accululator contents, which is in real number format. E Real Value (Hex number) V cc. opy the result in the accumulator to V and V. ign it Exponent ( bits) Mantissa ( bits) + = = Implies (exp ). x (exp ) =. binary= 7 decimal NOTE: The current HPP does not support real number entry with automatic conversion to the -bit IEEE format. You must use irectoft for this feature. L User Manual, nd Edition

85 Math - Multiply (MUL) Multiply is a 6 bit instruction that multiplies the value (), which is either a V--memory location or a --digit (max.) constant, by the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The result can be up to digits and resides in the accumulator. MUL Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in V6 is multiplied by the value in the accumulator. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero (ccumulator) MUL V6 cc. (V6) The value in V6 is multiplied by the value in the accumulator V V V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V L NT M ORT U IG L NT G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

86 - Math Multiply ouble (MUL) Multiply ouble is a bit instruction that multiplies the -digit value in the accumulator by the -digit value in the two consecutive V-memory locations specified in the instruction. You cannot use a constant as the parameter in the box. The lower digits of the results reside in the accumulator. Upper digits of the result reside in the accumulator stack. MUL Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the constant Kbc6e hex will be loaded into the accumulator. When converted to the number is 67. That numberis stored in V and V. fter loading the constant K into the accumulator, we multiply it times 67, which is 696. irectoft isplay X L Kbc6e Load the hex equivalent of 67 decimal into the accumulator. 6 7 (ccumulator) V onvert the value to format. It will occupy eight digits ( bits). 6 7 Output the number to V and V using the instruction. cc V V (ccumulator) 6 9 V 6 V L K (H) (H) 6 V L User Manual, nd Edition

87 Math - Multiply Real (MULR) The Multiply Real instruction multiplies a real number in the accumulator with either a real constant or a real number occupying two consecutive V-memory locations. The result resides in the accumulator. oth numbers must conform to the IEEE floating point format. MULR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant R --.E+ to +.E+ iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On anytime the V-memory specified by a pointer (P) is not valid. On anytime the value in the accumulator is a valid floating point number. on when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. On anytime a floating point math operation results in an underflow error. On when a real number instruction is executed and a non-real number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. irectoft isplay X LR E R7. Load the real number 7. into the accumulator. 7 (decimal) E (ccumulator) x + 7 (MULR) cc. MULR R. V V Multiply the accumulator contents by the real number. Real Value (Hex number) V cc. opy the result in the accumulator to V and V. ign it Exponent ( bits) Mantissa ( bits) + + = -- 7 = 6 Implies (exp 6). x (exp 6) =. binary= decimal NOTE: The current HPP does not support real number entry with automatic conversion to the -bit IEEE format. You must use irectoft for this feature. L User Manual, nd Edition

88 -6 Math ivide (IV) ivide is a 6 bit instruction that divides the value in the accumulator by a value (), which is either a V--memory location or a -digit (max.) constant. The first part of the quotient resides in the accumulator and the remainder resides in the first stack location. IV Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) onstant K iscrete it Flags P P6 P7 P7 escription On when the value of the operand is larger than the accumulator can work with. On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The value in the accumulator will be divided by the value in V6 using the ivide instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft V X L V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator IV V6 The value in the accumulator is divided by the value in V6 The unused accumulator bits are set to zero (ccumulator) (V6) cc. First stack location contains the remainder V V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT I V N G 6 V N L User Manual, nd Edition

89 Math -7 ivide ouble (IV) ivide ouble is a bit instruction that divides the value in the accumulator by a value (), which must be obtained from two consecutive V--memory locations. You cannot use a constant as the parameter in the box. The first part of the quotient resides in the accumulator and the remainder resides in the first stack location. IV Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) iscrete it Flags P P6 P7 P7 escription On when the value of the operand is larger than the accumulator can work with. On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is divided by the value in V and V using the ivide ouble instruction. The first part of the quotient resides in the accumulator an the remainder resides in the first stack location. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft isplay X L V V V Load the value in V and V into the accumulator IV V The value in the accumulator is divided by the value in V and V The unused accumulator bits are set to zero cc. (ccumulator) (V and V) First stack location contains the remainder V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V V V L V I V V V L User Manual, nd Edition

90 - Math ivide Real (IVR) The ivide Real instruction divides a real number in the accumulator by either a real constant or a real number occupying two consecutive V-memory locations. The result resides in the accumulator. oth numbers must conform to the IEEE floating point format. IVR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant R --.E+ to +.E+ iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On anytime the V-memory specified by a pointer (P) is not valid. On anytime the value in the accumulator is a valid floating point number. on when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. On anytime a floating point math operation results in an underflow error. On when a real number instruction is executed and a non-real number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. irectoft isplay X LR R. 7 Load the real number. into the accumulator. (decimal) 7 (ccumulator) (IVR). cc. F IVR R. V V ivide the accumulator contents by the real number.. F (Hex number) Real Value V cc. opy the result in the accumulator to V and V. ign it Exponent ( bits) Mantissa ( bits) = = Implies (exp ). x (exp ) =. binary=. decimal NOTE: The current HPP does not support real number entry with automatic conversion to the -bit IEEE format. You must use irectoft for this feature. L User Manual, nd Edition

91 Math -9 Increment (IN) The Increment instruction increments a value in a specified V--memory location by each time the instruction is executed. IN ecrement (E) The ecrement instruction decrements a value in a specified V--memory location by each time the instruction is executed. E Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription on when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. on when a instruction is executed and a NON-- number was encountered. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following increment example, when is on the value in V increases by one. X ( P ) V 9 IN V Increment the value in V by. V 9 6 I N V In the following decrement example, when is on the value in V is decreased by one. X E ( P ) V ecrement the value in V by. V 9 V 9 E V L User Manual, nd Edition

92 -9 Math dd inary () dd inary is a 6 bit instruction that adds the binary value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator with a binary value (), which is either a V--memory location or a 6-bit constant. The result can be up to bits and resides in the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll V mem (ee p. --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P66 P67 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit addition instruction results in a carry. On when the bit addition instruction results in a carry. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The binary value in the accumulator will be added to the binary value in V using the dd inary instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out instruction. irectoft isplay V X L V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator V The binary value in the accumulator is added to the binary value in V The unused accumulator bits are set to zero + cc. 9 (ccumulator) (V) V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V and V 9 V X(IN) L V V V L User Manual, nd Edition

93 Math -9 ubtract inary (U) ubtract inary is a 6 bit instruction that subtracts the binary value (), which is either a V--memory location or a --digit (max.) binary constant, from the binary value in the accumulator. The result resides in the accumulator. U Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P6 P6 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On when the 6 bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On when the bit subtraction instruction results in a borrow. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The binary value in V is subtracted from the binary value in the accumulator using the ubtract inary instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft isplay X L V V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator U V The binary value in V is subtracted from the value in the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero (ccumulator) y cc. 6 9 (V) V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V 6 9 V X(IN) L V U V V L User Manual, nd Edition

94 -9 Math Multiply inary (MUL) Multiply inary is a 6 bit instruction that multiplies the binary value (), which is either a V--memory location or a --digit (max.) binary constant, by the binary value in the accumulator. The result can be up to bits and resides in the accumulator. MUL Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The binary value in V is multiplied by the binary value in the accumulator using the Multiply inary instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft isplay X L V V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator MUL V The binary value in V is multiplied by the binary value in the accumulator The unused accumulator bits are set to zero (ccumulator) E (V) cc. E V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V and V V E V X L V M U L V V L User Manual, nd Edition

95 Math -9 ivide inary (IV) ivide inary is a 6 bit instruction that divides the binary value in the accumulator by a binary value (), which is either a V--memory location or a 6--bit (max.) binary constant. The first part of the quotient resides in the accumulator and the remainder resides in the first stack location. IV Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) Pointer P ll (ee p. --9) onstant K --FFFF iscrete it Flags P P6 P7 escription On when the value of the operand is larger than the accumulator can work with. On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The binary value in the accumulator is divided by the binary value in V using the ivide inary instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft isplay X L V F V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator IV V The binary value in the accumulator is divided by the binary value in V The unused accumulator bits are set to zero F (ccumulator) cc. (V) First stack location contains the remainder V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V X L V I V V V L User Manual, nd Edition

96 -9 Math Increment inary (IN) The Increment inary instruction increments a binary value in a specified V--memory location by each time the instruction is executed. IN Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 escription on when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example when is on, the binary value in V is increased by. irectoft V IN V Increment the binary value in the accumulator by V F I N TMR L User Manual, nd Edition

97 Math -9 ecrement inary (E) The ecrement inary instruction decrements a binary value in a specified V--memory location by each time the instruction is executed. E Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) iscrete it Flags P6 escription on when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example when is on, the value in V is decreased by. irectoft E V V ecrement the binary value in the accumulator by V F E L User Manual, nd Edition

98 -96 it Operation it Operation um (UM) The um instruction counts number of bits that are set to in the accumulator. The HEX result resides in the accumulator. UM In the following example, when X is on, the value formed by discrete locations X--X7 is loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The number of bits in the accumulator set to is counted using the um instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft isplay X LF K X Load the value represented by discrete locations X--X7 into the accumulator cc. The unused accumulator bits are set to zero X7 X6 X X X X X X ON ON OFF OFF ON OFF ON ON UM cc. um the number of bits in the accumulator set to V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V X L F X K U M V L User Manual, nd Edition

99 it Operation -97 hift Left (HFL) hift Left is a bit instruction that shifts the bits in the accumulator a specified number () of places to the left. The vacant positions are filled with zeros and the bits shifted out of the accumulator are lost. HFL Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) onstant K -- In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The bit pattern in the accumulator is shifted bits to the left using the hift Left instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft V V X L V 6 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator HFL K cc The bit pattern in the accumulator is shifted bit positions to the left hifted out of the accumulator V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V cc. 9 V V L NT RT H 7 F L NT L User Manual, nd Edition

100 -9 it Operation hift Right (HFR) hift Right is a bit instruction that shifts the bits in the accumulator a specified number () of places to the right. The vacant positions are filled with zeros and the bits shifted out of the accumulator are lost. HFR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) onstant K -- In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The bit pattern in the accumulator is shifted bits to the right using the hift Right instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V onstant V V 6 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator HFR K cc The bit pattern in the accumulator is shifted bit positions to the right hifted out of the accumulator V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V cc. 9 V V L NT RT H 7 F R ORN L User Manual, nd Edition

101 it Operation -99 Rotate Left (ROTL) Rotate Left is a bit instruction that rotates the bits in the accumulator a specified number () of places to the left. ROTL Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) onstant K -- In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The bit pattern in the accumulator is rotated bit positions to the left using the Rotate Left instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft isplay X L V V V 6 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator ROTL K cc The bit pattern in the accumulator is rotated bit positions to the left V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V cc V V X L V R O T L K V L User Manual, nd Edition

102 - it Operation Rotate Right (ROTR) Rotate Right is a bit instruction that rotates the bits in the accumulator a specified number () of places to the right. ROTR Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) onstant K -- In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The bit pattern in the accumulator is rotated bit positions to the right using the Rotate Right instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft isplay X L V V V 6 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator ROTR K cc The bit pattern in the accumulator is rotated bit positions to the right V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V cc V V X L V R O T R K V L User Manual, nd Edition

103 it Operation - Encode (ENO) The Encode instruction encodes the bit position in the accumulator having a value of, and returns the appropriate binary representation. If the most significant bit is set to (it ), the Encode instruction would place the value HEX F (decimal ) in the accumulator. If the value to be encoded is or, the instruction will place a zero in the accumulator. If the value to be encoded has more than one bit position set to a, the least significant will be encoded and P will be set on. ENO iscrete it Flags P escription On when the value of the operand is larger than the accumulator can work with. NOTE: The status flags are only valid until another instruction that uses the same flags is executed. In the following example, when X is on, The value in V is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The bit position set to a in the accumulator is encoded to the corresponding bit binary value using the Encode instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator is copied to V using the Out instruction. irectoft X L V V Load the value in V into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc it postion is converted to binary ENO Encode the bit position set to in the accumulator to a bit binary value cc V opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V L NT E N TMR O INT# V inary value for. V N L User Manual, nd Edition

104 - it Operation ecode (EO) The ecode instruction decodes a bit binary value of -- (--F HEX) in the accumulator by setting the appropriate bit position to a. If the accumulator contains the value F (HEX), bit will be set in the accumulator. If the value to be decoded is greater than, the number is divided by until the value is less than and then the value is decoded. EO In the following example when X is on, the value formed by discrete locations X--X is loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The five bit binary pattern in the accumulator is decoded by setting the corresponding bit position to a using the ecode instruction. irectoft X X X X X X LF K X OFF ON OFF ON ON Load the value in represented by discrete locations X--X into the accumulator cc EO ecode the five bit binary pattern in the accumulator and set the corresponding bit position to a cc The binary vlaue is converted to bit position L NT F F E O INT# L User Manual, nd Edition

105 Number onversion - Number onversion (ccumulator) inary (IN) The inary instruction converts a value in the accumulator to the equivalent binary value. The result resides in the accumulator. IN In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is converted to the binary (HEX) equivalent using the IN instruction. The binary value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. (The handheld programmer will display the binary value in V and V as a HEX value.) irectoft V V X L V 9 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc. Value 9 = IN onvert the value in the accumulator to the binary equivalent value cc inary Equivalent Value V opy the binary value in the accumulator to V and V 6 F 7 V V The binary (HEX) value copied to V L NT I N TMR L User Manual, nd Edition

106 - Number onversion inary oded ecimal () The inary oded ecimal instruction converts a binary value in the accumulator to the equivalent value. The result resides in the accumulator. In the following example, when X is on, the binary (HEX) value in V and V is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The binary value in the accumulator is converted to the equivalent value using the instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft V V X L V inary Value 6 F 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc = 9 onvert the binary value in the accumulator to the equivalent value cc. Equivalent Value V opythevalueinthe accumulator to V and V 9 V V The value copied to V and V L NT L User Manual, nd Edition

107 Number onversion - Invert (INV) The Invert instruction inverts or takes the one s complement of the bit value in the accumulator. The result resides in the accumulator. INV In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V will be loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The value in the accumulator is inverted using the Invert instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft V V X L V Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc INV Invert the binary bit pattern in the accumulator cc V F F F F V V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V L NT I N TMR V N L User Manual, nd Edition

108 -6 Number onversion Ten s omplement (PL) The Ten s omplement instruction takes the s complement () of the digit accumulator. The result resides in the accumulator. The calculation for this instruction is : -- accumulator value s complement value PL In the following example when X is on, the value in V and V is loaded into the accumulator. The s complement is taken for the digit accumulator using the Ten s omplement instruction. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. irectoft X L V V V 7 Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc. 7 PL cc Takes a s complement of the value in the accumulator V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V V 9 9 V L NT P V L NT L User Manual, nd Edition

109 Number onversion -7 inary to Real onversion (TOR) The inary-to-real instruction converts a binary value in the accumulator to its equivalent real number (floating point) format. The result resides in the accumulator. oth the binary and the real number may use all bits of the accumulator. TOR iscrete it Flags P6 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The TOR instruction converts the binary value in the accumulator the equivalent real number format. The binary weight of the M is converted to the real number exponent by adding it to 7 (decimal). Then the remaining bits are copied to the mantissa as shown. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. The handheld programmer would display the binary value in V and V as a HEX value. irectoft isplay V V X L 7 V Load the value in V and V into the accumulator cc. (exp ) 7 + = = inary Value TOR onvert the binary value in the accumulator to the real number equivalent format cc. ign it Exponent ( bits) Mantissa ( bits) Real Number Format V opy the real value in the accumulator to V and V X L V E V V The real number (HEX) value copied to V T O R V L User Manual, nd Edition

110 - Number onversion Real to inary onversion (RTO) The Real-to-inary instruction converts the real number in the accumulator to a binary value. The result resides in the accumulator. oth the binary and the real number may use all bits of the accumulator. RTO iscrete it Flags P6 P7 P7 P7 P7 escription On when the result of the instruction causes the value in the accumulator to be zero. On anytime the value in the accumulator is negative. On anytime the value in the accumulator is a valid floating point number. on when a signed addition or subtraction results in a incorrect sign bit. On when a number cannot be converted to binary. In the following example, when X is on, the value in V and V is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction. The RTO instruction converts the real value in the accumulator the equivalent binary number format. The value in the accumulator is copied to V and V using the Out ouble instruction. The handheld programmer would display the binary value in V and V as a HEX value. irectoft isplay X L V E V V Real Number Format Load the value in V and V into the accumulator ign it Exponent ( bits) Mantissa ( bits) cc. RTO onvert the real number in the accumulator to binary format = 7 + = (exp ) inary Value cc. V opy the real value in the accumulator to V and V V V 7 The binary number copied to V. X L V R T O V L User Manual, nd Edition

111 Number onversion -9 II to HEX (TH) The II TO HEX instruction converts a table of II values to a specified table of HEX values. II values are two digits and their HEX equivalents are one digit. TH V This means an II table of four V--memory locations would only require two V--memory locations for the equivalent HEX table. The function parameters are loaded into the accumulator stack and the accumulator by two additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program an II to HEX table function. The example on the following page shows a program for the II to HEX table function. tep : Load the number of V--memory locations for the II table into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the starting V--memory location for the II table into the accumulator. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : pecify the starting V--memory location (V) for the HEX table in the TH instruction. Helpful Hint: For parameters that require HEX values when referencing memory locations, the L instruction can be used to convert an octal address to the HEX equivalent and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) In the example on the following page, when X is ON the constant (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction and will be placed in the first level of the accumulator stack when the next Load instruction is executed. The starting location for the II table (V) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ddress instruction. The starting location for the HEX table (V6) is specified in the II to HEX instruction. The table below lists valid II values for TH conversion. II Values Valid for TH onversion II Value Hex Value II Value Hex Value E F L User Manual, nd Edition

112 - Number onversion irectoft isplay X L L K O Load the constant value into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. This value defines the number of V memory location in the II table onvert octal to HEX and load the value into the accumulator V II TLE Hexadecimal Equivalents V6 TH V6 V6 is the starting location for the HEX table V V 7 67 V6 X V 6 L K L O T H V 6 HEX to II (HT) The HEX to II instruction converts a table of HEX values to a specified table of II values. HEX values are one digit and their II equivalents are two digits. HT V This means a HEX table of two V--memory locations would require four V--memory locations for the equivalent II table. The function parameters are loaded into the accumulator stack and the accumulator by two additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program a HEX to II table function. The example on the following page shows a program for the HEX to II table function. tep : Load the number of V--memory locations in the HEX table into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the starting V--memory location for the HEX table into the accumulator. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : pecify the starting V--memory location (V) for the II table in the HT instruction. Helpful Hint: For parameters that require HEX values when referencing memory locations, the L instruction can be used to convert an octal address to the HEX equivalent and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) L User Manual, nd Edition

113 Number onversion - In the following example, when X is ON the constant (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. The starting location for the HEX table (V) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ddress instruction. The starting location for the II table (V) is specified in the HEX to II instruction. irectoft isplay X L K Hexadecimal Equivalents II TLE Load the constant value into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator. This value defines the number of V locations in the HEX table. V V L O V onvert octal to HEX and load the value into the accumulator HT V V is the starting location for the II table. The conversion is executed by this instruction. V 67 7 V 6 V X L K L O H T V The table below lists valid II values for HT conversion. II Values Valid for HT onversion Hex Value II Value Hex Value II Value E 7 7 F 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

114 - Number onversion egment (EG) The / egment instruction converts a four digit HEX value in the accumulator to seven segment display format. The result resides in the accumulator. EG In the following example, when X is on, the value in V is loaded into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator using the Load instruction. The binary (HEX) value in the accumulator is converted to seven segment format using the egment instruction. The bit pattern in the accumulator is copied to Y--Y7 using the Out Formatted instruction. irectoft isplay V X L V 6 F 7 Load the value in V nto the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc EG onvert the binary (HEX) value in the accumulator to seven segment display format F K Y opy the value in the accumulator to Y--Y cc g f e d c b a -- g f e d c b a -- g f e d c b a -- g f e d c b a egment Labels a f b egment Labels e g c Y7 Y6 Y Y Y OFF ON ON ON ON Y Y Y Y Y OFF OFF ON ON OFF d X L V E G F Y K L User Manual, nd Edition

115 Number onversion - Gray ode (GRY) The Gray code instruction converts a 6 bit gray code value to a value. The conversion requires bits of the accumulator. The upper bits are set to. This instruction is designed for use with devices (typically encoders) that use the grey code numbering scheme. The Gray ode instruction will directly convert a gray code number to a number for devices having a resolution of or counts per revolution. If a device having a resolution of 6 counts per revolution is to be used you must subtract a value of 76 from the converted value to obtain the proper result. For a device having a resolution of 7 counts per revolution you must subtract a value of. GRY In the following example, when X is ON the binary value represented by X--X7 is loaded into the accumulator using the Load Formatted instruction. The gray code value in the accumulator is converted to using the Gray ode instruction. The value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator is copied to V. irectoft X LF X K6 X7 X6 X OFF OFF OFF X X X ON OFF ON Load the value represented by X--X7 into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator cc. GRY cc onvert the 6 bit grey code valueintheaccumulatortoa value V 6 opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V V Gray ode L NT G 6 R ORN F V N Y ML G L User Manual, nd Edition

116 - Number onversion huffle igits (FLGT) The huffle igits instruction shuffles a maximum of digits rearranging them in a specified order. This function requires parameters to be loaded into the first level of the accumulator stack and the accumulator with two additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to use the shuffle digit function. The example on the following page shows a program for the huffle igits function. FLGT tep : Load the value (digits) to be shuffled into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the order that the digits will be shuffled to into the accumulator. Note: If the number used to specify the order contains a or 9--F, the corresponding position will be set to. ee example on the next page. Note: If the number used to specify the order contains duplicate numbers, the most significant duplicate number is valid. The result resides in the accumulator. ee example on the next page. tep : Insert the FLGT instruction. huffle igits lock iagram There are a maximum of digits that can be shuffled. The bit positions in the first level of the accumulator stack defines the digits to be shuffled. They correspond to the bit positions in the accumulator that define the order the digits will be shuffled. The digits are shuffled and the result resides in the accumulator. it Positions igits to be shuffled (first stack location) 9 7 E F 6 pecified order (accumulator) 7 6 E F 9 Result (accumulator) L User Manual, nd Edition

117 Number onversion - In the following example when X is on, The value in the first level of the accumulator stack will be reorganized in the order specified by the value in the accumulator. Example shows how the shuffle digits works when or 9 --F is not used when specifying the order the digits are to be shuffled. lso, there are no duplicate numbers in the specified order. Example shows how the shuffle digits works when a or 9--F is used when specifying the order the digits are to be shuffled. Notice when the huffle igits instruction is executed, the bit positions in the first stack location that had a corresponding or 9--F in the accumulator (order specified) are set to. Example shows how the shuffle digits works when duplicate numbers are used specifying the order the digits are to be shuffled. Notice when the huffle igits instruction is executed, the most significant duplicate number in the order specified is used in the result. irectoft X L V V V V V V V 9 E F F E 9 9 E F Load the value in V and V into the accumulator Original bit Positions E F cc. F E 9 cc. 9 E F cc. L V6 V7 7 V6 6 V7 V6 V7 V6 Load the value in V6 and V7 into the accumulator pecified order cc. cc. cc. FLGT huffle the digits in the first level of the accumulator stack based on the pattern in the accumulator. The result is in the accumulator. New bit Positions E F 9 cc. E 9 cc. 9 cc. V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V E F V 9 V V E 9 V V 9 V L NT L NT RT F L NT G 6 T MLR G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

118 -6 Table Table Move (MOV) The Move instruction moves the values from a V--memory table to another V--memory table the same length. The function parameters are loaded into the first level of the accumulator stack and the accumulator by two additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program the Move function. MOV V tep : Load the number of V--memory locations to be moved into the first level of the accumulator stack. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : Load the starting V--memory location for the locations to be moved into the accumulator. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : Insert the MOVE instruction which specifies starting V--memory location (V) for the destination table. Helpful Hint: For parameters that require HEX values when referencing memory locations, the L instruction can be used to convert an octal address to the HEX equivalent and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) In the following example, when X is on, the constant value (K6) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. This value specifies the length of the table and is placed in the first stack location after the Load ddress instruction is executed. The octal address (V), the starting location for the source table is loaded into the accumulator. The destination table location (V) is specified in the Move instruction. X L L K6 O Load the constant value 6 (HEX) into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator onvert octal to HEX and load the value into the accumulator X X X X X X X X V776 V777 V V X X X X X X X X V6 V7 V V MOV V L NT L NT opy the specified table locations to a table beginning at location V K JMP G X X X X X X X X V V V V V6 V X X X X X X X X V V V V V6 V7 M ORT O INT# V N L User Manual, nd Edition

119 Table -7 Move Memory artridge / Load Label (MOVM) (LLL) The Move Memory artridge instruction is used to copy data between V--memory and program ladder memory. The Load Label instruction is only used with the MOVM instruction when copying data from program ladder memory to V--memory. To copy data between V--memory and program ladder memory, the function parameters are loaded into the first two levels of the accumulator stack and the accumulator by two additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program the Move Memory artridge and Load Label functions. MOVM V LLL K tep : Load the number of words to be copied into the second level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the offset for the data label area in the program ladder memory and the beginning of the V--memory block into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the source data label (LLL K) into the accumulator when copying data from ladder memory to V--memory. Load the source address into the accumulator when copying data from V--memory to ladder memory. This is where the value will be copied from. If the source address is a V--memory location, the value must be entered in HEX. tep : Insert the MOVM instruction which specifies destination (). This is where the value will be copied to. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) L User Manual, nd Edition

120 - Table opy ata From a ata Label rea to V -Memory In the following example, data is copied from a ata Label rea to V--memory. When X is on, the constant value (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. This value specifies the length of the table and is placed in the second stack location after the next Load and Load Label (LLL) instructions are executed. The constant value (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. This value specifies the offset for the source and destination data, and is placed in the first stack location after the LLL instruction is executed. The source address where data is being copied from is loaded into the accumulator using the LLL instruction. The MOVM instruction specifies the destination starting location and executes the copying of data from the ata Label rea to V--memory. irectoft X L K Load the value into the accumulator specifying the number of locations to be copied. L K Load the value into the accumulator specifying the offset for source and destination locations LLL K N K N K N K N K ata Label rea Programmed fter the EN Instruction LL K O N O N O N 6 O N X X X X 6 X X X X V777 V V V V V Load the value into the accumulator specifying the ata Label rea K as the starting address of the data to be copied. MOVM V V is the destination starting address for the data to be copied. L NT K JMP E L NT K JMP L NT L NT L NT M ORT O INT# V N M ORT L User Manual, nd Edition

121 Table -9 opy ata From V -Memory to a ata Label rea In the following example, data is copied from V--memory to a data label area. When X is on, the constant value (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. This value specifies the length of the table and is placed in the second stack location after the next Load and Load ddress instructions are executed. The constant value (K) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load instruction. This value specifies the offset for the source and destination data, and is placed in the first stack location after the Load ddress instruction is executed. The source address where data is being copied from is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ddress instruction. The MOVM instruction specifies the destination starting location and executes the copying of data from V--memory to the data label area. irectoft X L K Load the value into the accumulator specifying the number of locations to be copied. X X X X V777 ata Label rea Programmed fter the EN Instruction LL K L K Load the value into the accumulator specifying the offset for source and destination locations. L O onvert octal to HEX and load the value into the accumulator. This specifies the source location where the data will be copied from Offset 6 6 V V V V V V N K N K N K N K N K N K O N 7 O N 6 O N 6 O N O N O N 6 Offset MOVM K X X X X V6 K is the data label destination area where the data will be copied to L NT K JMP E L NT K JMP L NT M ORT O INT# V N M ORT K JMP L User Manual, nd Edition

122 - lock / alendar lock / alendar ate (TE) The ate instruction can be used to set the date in the PU. The instruction requires two consecutive V--memory locations (V) to set the date. If the values in the specified locations are not valid, the date will not be set. The current date can be read from consecutive V--memory locations (V777--V777). TE V ate Range V Memory Location () (RE Only) Year --99 V777 Month -- V777 ay -- V777 ay of Week --6 V777 The values entered for the day of week are: =unday, =Monday, =Tuesday, =Wednesday, =Thursday, =Friday, 6=aturday Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) In the following example, when is on, the constant value (K9) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction ( should be a contact from a one shot (P) instruction). The value in the accumulator is output to V using the Out ouble instruction. The ate instruction uses the value in V to set the date in the PU. irectoft isplay onstant (K) L K9 Load the constant value (K9) into the accumulator cc. 9 9 In this example, the ate instruction uses the value set in V and V to set the date in the appropriate V memory locations (V777--V777) cc. 9 V tandard RLL opy the value in the accumulator to V and V TE V et the date in the PU using the value in V and V L K 9 9 V V V 9 Year V Format Month V T E V ay ay of Week L User Manual, nd Edition

123 lock / alendar - Time (TIME) The Time instruction can be used to set the time ( hour clock) in the PU. The instruction requires two consecutive V--memory locations (V) which are used to set the time. If the values in the specified locations are not valid, the time will not be set. The current time can be read from memory locations V777 and V7766--V777. TIME V ate Range V Memory Location () (RE Only) / seconds (ms) --99 V777 econds --9 V7766 Minutes --9 V7767 Hour -- V777 Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) In the following example, when is on, the constant value (K7) is loaded into the accumulator using the Load ouble instruction ( should be a contact from a one shot (P) instruction). The value in the accumulator is output to V using the Out ouble instruction. The Time instruction uses the value in V to set the time in the PU. irectoft isplay L K7 Load the constant value (K7) into the accumulator cc. onstant (K) 7 7 The Time instruction uses the value set in V and V to set the time in the appropriate V memory locations (V7766--V777) cc. 7 V opy the value in the accumulator to V and V TIME V 7 V V Format V V 7 et the time in the PU using the value in V and V Not Used Hour Minutes L K 7 V T I M E V econds tandard RLL L User Manual, nd Edition

124 - PU ontrol PU ontrol No Operation (NOP) The No Operation is an empty (not programmed) memory location. NOP irectoft NOP N TMR O INT# P V End (EN) The End instruction marks the termination point of the normal program scan. n End instruction is required at the end of the main program body. If the End instruction is omitted an error will occur and the PU will not enter the Run Mode. ata labels, subroutines and interrupt routines are placed after the End instruction. The End instruction is not conditional; therefore, no input contact is allowed. EN irectoft EN E N TMR L User Manual, nd Edition

125 Insturctions PU ontrol - top (TOP) The top instruction changes the operational mode of the PU from Run to Program (top) mode. This instruction is typically used to stop PL operation in a shutdown condition such as a I/O module failure. TOP In the following example, when P comes on indicating a I/O module failure, the PU will stop operation and switch to the program mode. P TOP P N E F P will turn on if there is an I/O module falure RT T MLR O INT# P V Reset Watch og Timer (RTWT) The Reset Watch og Timer instruction resets the PU scan timer. The default setting for the watch dog timer is ms. can times very seldom exceed ms, RTWT but it is possible. For/next loops, subroutines, interrupt routines, and table instructions can be programmed such that the scan becomes longer than ms. When instructions are used in a manner that could exceed the watch dog timer setting, this instruction can be used to reset the timer. software timeout error (E) will occur and the PU will enter the program mode if the scan time exceeds the watch dog timer setting. Placement of the RTWT instruction in the program is very important. The instruction has to be executed before the scan time exceeds the watch dog timer s setting. If the scan time is consistently longer than the watch dog timer s setting, the timeout value may be permanently increased from the default value of ms by UX on the HPP or the appropriate auxiliary function in your programming package. This eliminates the need for the RTWT instruction. In the following example the PU scan timer will be reset to when the RTWT instruction is executed. ee the For/Next instruction for a detailed example. irectoft RTWT R ORN RT T MLR W NN T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

126 - Instruction et Program ontrol Program ontrol Goto Label (GOTO) (LL) The GOTO / Label skips all instructions between the GOTO and the corresponding LL instruction. The operand value for the GOTO and the corresponding LL instruction are the same. The logic between GOTO and LL instruction is not executed when the GOTO instruction is enabled. Up to GOTO instructions and 6 LL instructions can be used in the program. LL K GOTO K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF In the following example, when 7 is on, all the program logic between the GOTO and the corresponding LL instruction (designated with the same constant K value) will be skipped. The instructions being skipped will not be executed by the PU. irectoft 7 K H 7 GOTO G 6 O INT# T MLR O INT# F X L NT L NT F LL K F X Y L User Manual, nd Edition

127 Instruction et Program ontrol - For / Next (FOR) (NEXT) The For and Next instructions are used to execute a section of ladder logic between the For and Next instruction a specified numbers of times. When the For instruction is enabled, the program will loop the specified number of times. If the For instruction is not energized the section of ladder logic between the For and Next instructions is not executed. For / Next instructions cannot be nested. Up to 6 For / Next loops may be used in a program. If the maximum number of For / Next loops is exceeded, error E will occur. The normal I/O update and PU housekeeping is suspended while executing the For / Next loop. The program scan can increase significantly, depending on the amount of times the logic between the For and Next instruction is executed. With the exception of immediate I/O instructions, I/O will not be updated until the program execution is completed for that scan. epending on the length of time required to complete the program execution, it may be necessary to reset the watch dog timer inside of the For / Next loop using the RTWT instruction. FOR NEXT Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) onstant K L User Manual, nd Edition

128 -6 Instruction et Program ontrol In the following example, when X is on, the application program inside the For / Next loop will be executed three times. If X is off the program inside the loop will not be executed. The immediate instructions may or may not be necessary depending on your application. lso, The RTWT instruction is not necessary if the For / Next loop does not extend the scan time larger the Watch og Timer setting. For more information on the Watch og Timer, refer to the RTWT instruction. irectoft X K FOR RTWT X Y NEXT F O INT# R ORN R ORN RT T MLR W NN T MLR I F N TMR E X ET T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

129 Instruction et Program ontrol -7 Goto ubroutine (GT) (R) The Goto ubroutine instruction allows a section of ladder logic to be placed outside the main body of the program execute only when needed. There can be a maximum of GT instructions and 6 R instructions used in a program. The GT instructions can be nested up to levels. n error E will occur if the maximum limits are exceeded. Typically this will be used in an application where a block of program logic may be slow to execute and is not required to execute every scan. The subroutine label and all associated logic is placed after the End statement in the program. When the subroutine is called from the main program, the PU will execute the subroutine (R) with the same constant number (K) as the GT instruction which called the subroutine. y placing code in a subroutine it is only scanned and executed when needed since it resides after the End instruction. ode which is not scanned does not impact the overall scan time of the program. R K GT K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF ubroutine Return (RT) When a ubroutine Return is executed in the subroutine the PU will return to the point in the main body of the program from which it was called. The ubroutine Return is used as termination of the subroutine which must be the last instruction in the subroutine and is a stand alone instruction (no input contact on the rung). RT ubroutine Return onditional (RT) The ubroutine Return onditional instruction is a optional instruction used with a input contact to implement a conditional return from the subroutine. The ubroutine Return (RT) is still required for termination of the ubroutine. RT L User Manual, nd Edition

130 - Instruction et Program ontrol In the following example, when X is on, ubroutine K will be called. The PU will jump to the ubroutine Label K and the ladder logic in the subroutine will be executed. If X is on the PU will return to the main program at the RT instruction. If X is not on Y--Y7 will be reset to off and then the PU will return to the main body of the program. irectoft isplay X K GT L K EN R K X Y I X Y I X RT X Y Y7 RTI RT X G T E N K R K I X I Y I X I Y I X R T N I X RT I Y Y 7 R T L User Manual, nd Edition

131 Instruction et Program ontrol -9 In the following example, when X is on, ubroutine K will be called. The PU will jump to the ubroutine Label K and the ladder logic in the subroutine will be executed. The PU will return to the main body of the program after the RT instruction is executed. irectoft X K GT EN R K X Y X Y RT G 6 T MLR RT E N TMR RT R ORN I F I R ORN T MLR L User Manual, nd Edition

132 - Instruction et Program ontrol Master Line et (ML) The Master Line et instruction allows the program to control sections of ladder logic by forming a new power rail controlled by the main left power rail. The main left rail is always master line. When a ML K instruction is used, a new power rail is created at level. Master Line ets and Master Line Resets can be used to nest power rails up to seven levels deep. Note that unlike stages in RLL PLU, the logic within the master control relays is still scanned and updated even though it will not function if the ML is off. K ML Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --7 Master Line Reset (MLR) The Master Line Reset instruction marks the end of control for the corresponding ML instruction. The MLR reference is one less than the corresponding ML. K MLR Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --7 Understanding Master ontrol Relays The Master Line et (ML) and Master Line Reset (MLR) instructions allow you to quickly enable (or disable) sections of the RLL program. This provides program control flexibility. The following example shows how the ML and MLR instructions operate by creating a sub power rail for control logic. X ML When contact X is on, logic under the first ML will be executed. X Y X ML When contact X and X is on, logic under the second ML will be executed. MLR MLR X The MLR instructions note the end of the Master ontrol area. (They will be entered in adjacent addresses.) X L User Manual, nd Edition

133 Instruction et Program ontrol - ML/MLR Example In the following ML/MLR example logic between the first ML K () and MLR K () will function only if input X is on. The logic between the ML K () and MLR K () will function only if input X and X is on. The last rung is not controlled by either of the ML coils. irectoft X K ML X Y ML X X X Y K ML X X Y Y K MLR Y ML F E X X6 Y K MLR T MLR F G 6 X7 Y T MLR H 7 L User Manual, nd Edition

134 - Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt (INT) The Interrupt instruction allows a section of ladder logic to be placed outside the main body of the program and executed when needed. Interrupts can be called from the program or by external interrupts via the counter interface module which provides interrupts. INT O Typically, interrupts will be used in an application where a fast response to an input is needed or a program section needs to execute faster than the normal PU scan. The interrupt label and all associated logic must be placed after the End statement in the program. When the interrupt routine is called from the interrupt module or software interrupt, the PU will complete execution of the instruction it is currently processing in ladder logic then execute the designated interrupt routine. Interrupt module interrupts are labeled in octal to correspond with the hardware input signal (X will initiate interrupt INT). There is only one software interrupt and it is labeled INT. The program execution will continue from where it was before the interrupt occurred once the interrupt is serviced. The software interrupt is setup by programming the interrupt time in V76. The valid range is ms. The value must be a value. The interrupt will not execute if the value is out of range. NOTE: ee the example program of a software interrupt. Operand ata Type L Range onstant O -- L User Manual, nd Edition

135 Interrupt - Interrupt Return (IRT) Interrupt Return onditional (IRT) When an Interrupt Return is executed in the interrupt routine the PU will return to the point in the main body of the program from which it was called. The Interrupt Return is programmed as the last instruction in an interrupt routine and is a stand alone instruction (no input contact on the rung). The Interrupt Return onditional instruction is a optional instruction used with an input contact to implement a condtional return from the interrupt routine. The Interrupt Return is required to terminate the interrupt routine. IRT IRT Enable Interrupts (ENI) isable Interrupts (II) The Enable Interrupt instruction is programmed in the main body of the application program (before the End instruction) to enable hardware or software interrupts. Once the coil has been energized interrupts will be enabled until the interrupt is disabled by the isable Interrupt instruction. The isable Interrupt instruction is programmed in the main body of the application program (before the End instruction) to disable both hardware or software interrupts. Once the coil has been energized interrupts will be disabled until the interrupt is enabled by the Enable Interrupt instruction. ENI II L User Manual, nd Edition

136 - Interrupt Interrupt Example for oftware Interrupt In the following example, when X is on, the value is copied to V76. This value sets the software interrupt to ms. When X turns on, the interrupt will be enabled. When X turns off, the interrupt will be disabled. Every ms the PU will jump to the interrupt label INT O. The application ladder logic in the interrupt routine will be performed. If X is not on Y--Y7 will be reset to off and then the PU will return to the main body of the program. irectoft P L K V76 L NT V N H 7 K JMP G 6 E X L K * Load the constant value (K) into the lower 6 bits of the accumulator V76 P N E N TMR I I RT I opy the value in the lower 6 bits of the accumulator to V76 E N TMR X I N TMR T MLR ENI I X ET I F X II P N X ET I I F H 7 I R ORN T MLR EN INT O * The value entered, must be followed by the digit to complete the instruction. X Y ETI X Y Y7 RTI IRT L User Manual, nd Edition

137 Intelligent I/O - Intelligent I/O Read from Intelligent Module (R) The Read from Intelligent Module instruction reads a block of data (-- R bytes maximum) from an intelligent I/O V module into the PU s V--memory. It loads the function parameters into the first and second level of the accumulator stack, and the accumulator by three additional instructions. Listed below are the steps to program the Read from Intelligent module function. tep : Load the base number (--) into the first byte and the slot number (--7) into the second byte of the second level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the number of bytes to be transferred into the first level of the accumulator stack. (maximum of bytes) tep : Load the address from which the data will be read into the accumulator. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : Insert the R instruction which specifies the starting V--memory location (V) where the data will be read into. Helpful Hint: Use the L instruction to convert an octal address to its HEX equivalent and load it into the accumulator when the hex format is required. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) iscrete it Flags P escription on when RX, WX, R, WT instructions are executed with the wrong parameters. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example when X is on, the R instruction will read six bytes of data from a intelligent module in base, slot starting at address in the intelligent module and copy the information into V-memory locations V--V. irectoft isplay X L L L R K K6 K V The constant value K specifies the base number () and the base slot number () The constant value K6 specifies the number of bytes to be read The constant value K specifies the starting address in the intelligent module V is the starting location inthepuwherethe specified data will be stored V V 7 6 V 9 V X X X X V X X X X X L K L PU L K K 6 Intelligent Module ata ddress ddress ddress ddress ddress ddress tandard RLL R V L User Manual, nd Edition

138 -6 Intelligent I/O Write to Intelligent Module (WT) The Write to Intelligent Module instruction writes a block of data (-- bytes maximum) to an intelligent I/O module from WT a block of V--memory in the PU. The V function parameters are loaded into the first and second level of the accumulator stack, and the accumulator by three additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program the Read from Intelligent module function. tep : Load the base number (--) into the first byte and the slot number (--7) into the second byte of the second level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the number of bytes to be transferred into the first level of the accumulator stack. (maximum of bytes) tep : Load the intelligent module address which will receive the data into the accumulator. This parameter must be a HEX value. tep : Insert the WT instruction which specifies the starting V--memory location (V) where the data will be written from in the PU. Helpful Hint: Use the L instruction to convert an octal address to its HEX equivalent and load it into the accumulator when the hex format is required. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee p. --9) iscrete it Flags P escription on when RX, WX, R, WT instructions are executed with the wrong parameters. NOTE: tatus flags are valid only until another instruction uses the same flag. In the following example, when X is on, the WT instruction will write six bytes of data to an intelligent module in base, slot starting at address in the intelligent module and copy the information from V--memory locations V--V. tandard RLL irectoft isplay X L L L WT K K6 K V The constant value K specifies the base number () and the base slot number () TheconstantvalueK6 specifies the number of bytes to be written TheconstantvalueK specifies the starting address in the intelligent module V is the starting location in the PU where the specified data will be written from PU V77 X X X X V V 7 6 V 9 V X X X X V X X X X X Intelligent Module ata ddress ddress ddress ddress ddress ddress L K L L K K 6 W T V L User Manual, nd Edition

139 Network -7 Network Read from Network (RX) The Read from Network instruction is used by the master device on a network to read a block of data from another PU. The RX function parameters are loaded into the first and second level of the accumulator stack and the accumulator by three additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program the Read from Intelligent module function. tep : Load the slave address (--9 ) into the first byte and the slot number of the master M (--7) into the second byte of the second level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the number of bytes to be transferred into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the address of the data to be read into the accumulator. This parameter requires a HEX value. tep : Insert the RX instruction which specifies the starting V memory location () where the data will be read from in the slave. Helpful Hint: For parameters that require HEX values, the L instruction can be used to convert an octal address to the HEX equivalent and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 pecial Relay P Program Memory (7.K program mem.) --7 (.K program mem.) L User Manual, nd Edition

140 - Network In the following example, when X is on and the module busy relay P (see special relays) is not on, the RX instruction will access a M operating as a master in slot. Ten consecutive bytes of data (V -- V) will be read from a PU at station address and copied into V--memory locations V--V in the PU with the master M. irectoft X P L K The constant value K specifies the slot number () and the slave address () L K The constant value K specifies the number of bytes to be read L O Octal address is converted to HEX and loaded into the accumulator. V is the starting location for the Master PU where the specified data will be read into Master PU V77 X X X X X X X X V 7 7 V V V V V X X X X X X X X lave PU V777 V V V V V V RX V V is the starting location in the for the lave PU where the specified data will be read from W NN P N E L NT K JMP F L NT K JMP L NT R ORN X ET L User Manual, nd Edition

141 Network -9 WritetoNetwork (WX) TheWritetoNetworkinstructionisusedto write a block of data from the master device to a slave device on the same network. The function parameters are WX loaded into the first and second level of the accumulator stack and the accumulator by three additional instructions. Listed below are the steps necessary to program the Write to Network function. tep : Load the slave address (--9 ) into the first byte and the slot number of the master M (--7) into the second byte of the second level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the number of bytes to be transferred into the first level of the accumulator stack. tep : Load the address of the data in the master that is to be written to the network into the accumulator. This parameter requires a HEX value. tep : Insert the WX instruction which specifies the starting V--memory location () where the data will be written to the slave. Helpful Hint: For parameters that require HEX values, the L instruction can be used to convert an octal address to the HEX equivalent and load the value into the accumulator. Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) Pointer P ll V mem. (ee page --9) Inputs X Outputs Y ontrol Relays tage Timer T --77 ounter T --77 pecial Relay P Program Memory (7.K program mem.) --7 (.K program mem.) L User Manual, nd Edition

142 - Network In the following example when X is on and the module busy relay P (see special relays) is not on, the RX instruction will access a M operating as a master in slot. consecutive bytes of data is read from the PU at station address and copied to V--memory locations V--V in the slave PU. irectoft X P L K The constant value K specifies the slot number () and the slave address () L K The constant value K specifies the number of bytes to be read L O Octal address is converted to HEX and loaded into the accumulator. V is the starting location for the Master PU where the specified data will be read from. Master PU V77 X X X X X X X X V 7 7 V V V V V X X X X X X X X lave PU V777 V V V V V V WX V V is the starting location in the for the lave PU where the specified data will be written to W NN P N E L NT K JMP F L NT K JMP L NT O INT# W NN X ET V N L User Manual, nd Edition

143 Message - Message Fault (FULT) The Fault instruction is used to display a message on the handheld programmer or irectoft. The message has a maximum of characters and can be either V--memory data, numerical constant data or II text. To display the value in a V--memory location, specify the V--memory location in the instruction. To display the data in ON (II constant) or NON (Numerical constant) instructions, specify the constant (K) value for the corresponding data label area. FULT Operand ata Type L Range V--memory V ll (ee page --9) onstant K --FFFF NOTE: The FULT instruction takes a considerable amount of time to execute. This is because the FULT parameters are stored in EEPROM. Make sure you consider the instructions execution times (shown in ppendix ) if you are attempting to use the FULT instructions in applications that require faster than normal execution cycles. L User Manual, nd Edition

144 - Message Fault Example In the following example when X is on, the message W 6 will display on the handheld programmer. The NONs use the HEX II equivalent of the text to be displayed. (The HEX II for a blank is, a is, is...) irectoft X FULT K EN W 6 LL K ON W NON K NON K 6 F U IG L NT T MLR E N TMR L NT L NT O INT# N TMR RT W NN N TMR O INT# N TMR N TMR O INT# N TMR E G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

145 Message - ata Label (LL) The ata Label instruction marks the beginning of an II / numeric data area. LLs are programmed after the End statement. maximum of 6 LL instructions can be used in a L program. Multiple NONs and ONs can be used in a LL area. LL K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF II onstant (ON) The II onstant instruction is used with the LL instruction to store II text for use with other instructions. Two II characters can be stored in an ON instruction. If only one character is stored in a ON a leading space will be printed in the Fault message. ON Operand ata Type L Range II Z Numerical onstant (NON) The Numerical onstant instruction is used with the LL instruction to store the HEX II equivalent of numerical data for use with other instructions. Two digits canbestoredinannoninstruction. NON K Operand ata Type L Range onstant K --FFFF L User Manual, nd Edition

146 - Message ata Label Example In the following example, an ON and two NON instructions are used within a LL instruction to build a text message. ee the FULT instruction for information on displaying messages. irectoft EN LL K ON W NON K NON K 6 E N TMR L NT L NT O INT# N TMR RT W NN N TMR O INT# N TMR N TMR O INT# N TMR E G 6 L User Manual, nd Edition

147 Message - Print Message (PRINT) The Print Message instruction prints the embedded text or text/data variable message to Port on the L PU, which must have the communications port configured. PRINT Hello, this is a PL message ata Type L Range onstant K You may recall from the PU specifications in hapter that the L s ports are capable of several protocols. To configure a port using the Handheld Programmer, use UX 6 and follow the prompts, making the same choices as indicated below on this page. To configure a port in irectoft, choose the PL menu, then etup, then etup econdary omm Port. Port: From the port number list box at the top, choose Port. Protocol: lick the check box to the left of Non-sequence, and then you ll see the dialog box shown below. Memory ddress: hoose a V-memory address for irectoft to use to store the port setup information. You will need to reserve 9 words in V-memory for this purpose. elect Use for printing if you are only using the port for print instructions output. aud Rate: hoose the baud rate that matches your printer. top its, Parity: hoose number of stop bits and parity setting to match your printer. Then click the button indicated to send the Port configuration to the PU, and click lose. Then see hapter for port wiring information, in order to connect your printer to the L. L User Manual, nd Edition