ITHAKA S+R ASERL: DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION

Transcription

1 ITHAKA S+R ASERL: DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION Katherine Daniel and Roger Schonfeld November 30, 2017

2 Thank you to the following institutions for their participation Auburn University Clemson University College of William and Mary Emory University Florida International University Florida State University George Mason University Louisiana State University Mississippi State University Tulane University University of Central Florida University of Florida University of Georgia University of Kentucky University of Louisville University of Memphis University of Miami University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University of North Carolina at Charlotte University of South Carolina University of South Florida University of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Tech Wake Forest University

3 HIRING

4 Number of employees Hiring follows economic trends. 250 Current employees hired by year Some employees have been with their institutions for several decades Year

5 GENDER

6 Total: 3,117 library employees Gender percentage of total employees NA: 3% Male: 36% Total: 1129 Female: 61% Total: 1901

7 % Female Women make up the majority of all levels of seniority and employment types. The highest proportion of female employees is at the exempt managerial level. 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% Gender proportion of employees at each level of seniority 64.8% 61.8% 59.6% 53.8% 54.9% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory Non-Exempt Manager Exempt Non- Supervisory Exempt Manager Exempt Senior

8 Human resources (including diversity) Assessment Communications / engagement / marketing / outreach Exhibits Cataloging, metadata, resource description Collections development and management / acquisitions Finance / development Subject specialist Library leadership and administration Information literacy / learning / teaching Special collections / rare books / archives Publishing / scholarly communications / copyright Access services Preservation / conservation / disaster planning / restoration Digital content creation Maker space / design lab / media lab Technology / systems / desktop support Facilities / operations Security % Female Gender percentage of employees by job type Highest 100% 92% HR Assessment Communications Exhibits 80% 60% 40% 79% 78% 75% 74% 73% 72% 71% 69% 65% 62% 59% 54% 54% 49% 35% Lowest* 20% 26% 24% 18% Maker Space Technology Facilities/Operations Security 0% *Ithaka s ARL Inclusion, Diversity, and Equity survey found that women held the lowest number of positions in these same 4 categories.

9 Human resources (including diversity) Assessment Communications / engagement / marketing / outreach Exhibits Cataloging, metadata, resource description Collections development and management / acquisitions Finance / development Subject specialist Library leadership and administration Information literacy / learning / teaching Special collections / rare books / archives Publishing / scholarly communications / copyright Access services Preservation / conservation / disaster planning / restoration Digital content creation Maker space / design lab / media lab Technology / systems / desktop support Facilities / operations Security % Female Total Number of Employees Total Number of Employees by Job Type % 80.0% % 79.2% 78.4% 75.0% 73.9% 72.9% 71.7% 71.5% 69.3% 64.6% 61.5% 59.4% % 54.1% 53.7% 49.4% 35.1% 40.0% 20.0% 25.8% 23.9% 17.9% 0.0%

10 RACE AND ETHNICITY

11 75 percent of employees at participating ASERL institutions are white non-hispanic. This is 11 percentage points higher than the average percentage of white non-hispanic individuals in participating states. Hispanic: 4.5% Total: 139 Black or African American: 10.4% Total: 324 Race percentage of total employees Asian: 3.4% Total: 105 Other: 1.0% Total: 32 NA: 5.8% Total: 180 White (non-hispanic): 75.0% Total: 2337

12 Gender White (Non-Hispanic) Gender Black or African American Male: 38.9% Total: 908 Female: 61.0% Total: 1426 Male: 27.8% Total: 90 Female: 72.2% Total: 234 Gender Hispanic Asian Male: 38.8% Total: 54 Female: 61.2% Total: 85 Male: 34.3% Total: 36 Female: 65.7% Total: 69

13 The proportion of white non-hispanic employees increases in each subsequent level of seniority, with a higher percentage of white employees in exempt positions % 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% White (Non-Hispanic) Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 68.78% 73.50% 77.71% 80.78% 83.61% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory Non-Exempt Manager Exempt Non- Supervisory Exempt Manager Exempt Senior

14 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Black or African American Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 17.01% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 14.53% Non-Exempt Manager 6.64% Exempt Non- Supervisory 4.89% Exempt Manager 3.28% Exempt Senior 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Hispanic Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 4.65% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 2.56% Non-Exempt Manager 4.09% Exempt Non- Supervisory 5.73% Exempt Manager 1.64% Exempt Senior 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Asian Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 2.88% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 0.00% Non-Exempt Manager 4.82% Exempt Non- Supervisory 2.87% Exempt Manager 0.82% Exempt Senior

15 Exhibits Publishing / scholarly communications / copyright Preservation / conservation / disaster planning / restoration Assessment Special collections / rare books / archives Communications / engagement / marketing / outreach Information literacy / learning / teaching Maker space / design lab / media lab Library leadership and administration Subject specialist Collections development and management / acquisitions Facilities / operations Technology / systems / desktop support Finance / development Digital content creation Cataloging, metadata, resource description Access services Human resources (including diversity) Security % White (Non-Hispanic) Total Number of Employees White (Non-Hispanic) Percentage of employees by job type and racial group % 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 91.7% 89.1% 85.4% 83.3% 83.3% 82.4% 81.5% 81.1% 79.1% 79.0% 76.4% 76.1% 74.5% 71.7% 70.1% 66.9% 65.5% 63.9% 50.0%

16 DEGREE

17 The majority of library employees hold a 4- year degree or more, with a combined total of 73%. 50.0% 45.0% 40.0% Degree: Percentage of Total Employees 44.5% Total: 1388 This is 47 percentage points higher than the regional average of 26% of individuals with higher education. 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 20.5% Total: % Total: % *Many schools do not track the educational attainment of their support staff, leading to a large percentage of NA employees. 10.0% 5.0% 4.7% Total: % Total: % Total: % NA High School Diploma Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level

18 % Female Female employees 80.0% make up a majority of each degree level 70.0% except for at the 58.2% doctoral level. 60.0% 50.0% Total: 371 Gender: Percentage Female by Degree Level 68.2% Total: % Total: % Total: % Total: % Total: % 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% NA High School Diploma Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level

19 White non-hispanic employees make up an increasingly higher proportion of each subsequent degree level. 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 63.5% Degree race/ethnicity 84.2% 85.4% 76.4% 71.2% 50.0% 40.0% 36.5% 30.0% 28.8% 23.6% 20.0% 15.8% 14.6% 10.0% 0.0% High School Diploma Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level POC White (Non-Hispanic)

20 Black or African American % total of each degree level Hispanic % total of each degree level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 29.1% High School Diploma 17.3% 12.3% 5.4% 5.0% Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 5.5% High School Diploma 9.6% 6.4% 4.2% 4.5% Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.7% 1.9% 3.1% 4.4% 5.1% High School Diploma Asian % total of each degree level Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level

21 55% of non-exempt non-supervisory employees have a 4- year degree or more. Degree non-exempt non-supervisory Masters: 15.3% Total: 181 Doctorate: 1.4% Total: 16 This is 29 percentage points higher than the regional average. NA: 32.6% Total: 385 Bachelors: 38.0% Total: 449 HS Diploma: 9.4% Total: 111 Associates: 3.4% Total: 40

22 61.5% of non-exempt non-supervisory employees have a 4- year degree or more. Masters: 21.4% Total: 25 Degree non-exempt managers Doctorate: 0.9% Total: 1 NA: 23.9% Total: 28 This is 35.5 percentage points higher than the regional average. HS Diploma: 9.4% Total: 11 Bachelors: 39.3% Total: 46 Associates: 5.1% Total: 6

23 84% of non-exempt non-supervisory employees have a 4- year degree or more. This is 58 percentage points higher than the regional average. Doctorate: 9.3% Total: 102 Degree exempt non-supervisory NA: 14.6% Total: 160 HS Diploma: 1.2% Total: 13 Associates: 0.5% Total: 6 Bachelors: 13.7% Total: 151 Masters: 60.7% Total: 667

24 89% of non-exempt non-supervisory employees have a 4- year degree or more. This is 63 percentage points higher than the regional average. Doctorate: 7.4% Total: 44 Degree exempt managers NA: 9.1% Total: 54 HS Diploma: 2.2% Total: 13 Bachelors: 9.6% Total: 57 Masters: 71.7% Total: 425

25 91% of non-exempt non-supervisory employees have a 4- year degree or more. Doctorage: 14.8% Total: 18 Degree (exempt) senior NA: 9.0% Total: 11 Bachelors: 4.1% Total: 5 This is 65 percentage points higher than the regional average. Masters: 72.1% Total: 88

26 LIBRARIAN & SENIOR POSITIONS

27 Librarians are operationalized as exempt employees holding a MLS degree. Gender "Librarians" NA: 4.1% Total: 44 67% of librarians are female compared to 29% male. Male: 29.3% Total: 312 Female: 66.6% Total: 710

28 Senior leadership consists of 55% female employees and 42% male. Gender senior leadership NA: 3.4% Total: 3 Male: 41.6% Total: 37 Female: 55.1% Total: 49

29 79% of librarians are white non-hispanic compared to 13% identifying as belonging to another racial group. Race/ethnicity "Librarians" NA: 7.3% Total: 78 POC: 13.3% Total: 142 White (Non-Hispanic): 79.4% Total: 846

30 Senior leadership consists of 88% white non-hispanic employees and 7% employees identifying as another race. Race/ethnicity senior leadership NA: 5.6% Total: 5 POC: 6.7% Total: 6 White (Non-Hispanic): 87.6% Total: 78

31 COMPENSATION: GENDER

32 60,000 50,000 51,452 Total: 1,838 Median salary by gender 52,473 Total: 1,090 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Female Male

33 Nonsupervisory t=0.485; p=0.628 Male: N = 410 Female: N = 703 Manager t=1.03; p=0.307 Male: N = 52 Female: N = 57 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 Gender Non-exempt salary differences by management level 36,195 35,858 43,655 41,449 0 Nonsupervisory Male Female Manager

34 Nonsupervisory t=3.75; p=0.000 Male: N = 396 Female: N = ,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Gender exempt salary differences by management level 73,408 73,084 63,705 59,493 Manager t=0.172; p=0.864 Male: N = 185 Female: N = ,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Nonsupervisory Male Female Manager

35 Number of employees Following the 2008 financial crisis, hiring dipped before picking up again in *2017 appears to have lower hiring because this year s hiring was not complete when we collected data Current employees hired by year Year

36 Librarians (pre-2008) t=1.45; p= ,000 Gender Librarian" salary differences pre- and post-recession Male: N = ,000 79,610 75,438 74,930 Female: N = ,000 64,605 60,000 Librarians (2011-onward) 50,000 t=2.57; p=0.011 Male: N = ,000 30,000 20,000 Female: N = ,000 Age range: Median age: ~41 0 Librarians (pre-2008) Librarians (2011 onward) Male Female

37 Senior (overall) t=2.34; p=0.022 Male: N = 47 Female: N = , , , ,000 Gender Salary differences by senior management level and senior leadership 150, , , ,809 Senior Leadership t=2.06; p=0.044 Male: N = 36 Female: N = ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Senior (overall) Male Female Senior Leadership

38 GENDER SUMMARY Employment type/management Salary Difference* Significant Non-exempt Nonsupervisory -337 No Manager -2,206 No Exempt Librarian Senior Nonsupervisory -4,212 Yes Manager -324 No Pre-2008 recession -4,172 No 2011 onward -10,325 Yes Overall -22,247 Yes Leadership -24,169 Yes *+/- male employees average salaries

39 COMPENSATION: RACE AND ETHNICITY

40 70,000 Median salary by racial group 60,000 50,000 48,369 Total: 32 50,000 Total: ,138 Total: 2,328 58,000 Total: ,000 39,987 Total: ,000 20,000 10,000 0 Black or African American Other Hispanic White (Non-Hispanic) Asian * Other includes the groups American Indian or Alaskan Native; Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander; and Two or More Races

41 LIMITATIONS Because so few POC are employed compared to white non-hispanic employees, average salaries per racial group may not be an accurate reflection of income disparities, or their lack thereof.

42 Nonsupervisory t=-2.23; p= ,000 Race Non-exempt salary differences by management level POC: N = 304 White: N = ,000 40,000 35,000 34,912 36,383 43,271 42,295 30,000 Manager 25,000 t=0.373; p= ,000 15,000 POC: N = 23 10,000 White: N = 86 5,000 0 Nonsupervisory Manager POC White (non-hispanic)

43 Nonsupervisory t=-0.662; p=0.508 POC: N = 183 White: N = ,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Race exempt salary differences by management level 73,535 71,210 60,442 61,247 Manager t=-0.920; p=0.360 POC: N = 83 White: N = ,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Nonsupervisory POC White (non-hispanic) Manager

44 Librarians (pre-2008) t=-01.43; p= ,000 Race "Librarian" salary differences pre- and post-recession POC: N = 74 80,000 73,193 77,622 White: N = ,000 60,000 64,928 67,471 50,000 Librarians (2011 onward) 40,000 t=-0.611; p= ,000 POC: N = 61 20,000 White: N = ,000 0 Librarians (pre-2008) POC White (non-hispanic) Librarians (2011 onward)

45 Senior (overall) t=0.708; p=0.503 POC: N = 7 White: N = , , , ,000 Race Salary differences by senior management level and senior leadership 151, , , ,390 Senior Leadership t=0.810; p= ,000 80,000 60,000 POC: N = 6 (5 of whom are female) 40,000 20,000 White: N = 78 0 Senior (overall) Senior Leadership POC White (non-hispanic)

46 RACE/ETHNICITY SUMMARY Employment type/management Salary Difference* Significant Non-exempt Nonsupervisory -1,471 Yes Manager +976 No Exempt Librarian Senior Nonsupervisory -805 No Manager -2,325 No Pre-2008 recession -4,429 No 2011 onward -2,543 No Overall +15,357 No Leadership +18,512 No *+/- white non-hispanic average salaries

47 INSTITUTIONAL VARIANCE

48 Salary ($) Differences in male and female employees incomes by institution. (Anonymized in no particular order) 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 Gender salary variance at participating institutions 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, Institutions Male Female

49 Salary ($) Differences in employees of color and white non-hispanic employees incomes by institution. (Anonymized in no particular order) 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Race/ethnicity salary variance at participating institutions 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, Institutions POC White

50 KEY TAKEAWAYS

51 DEMOGRAPHICS Women make up a majority of staff at participating ASERL institutions at 60% A majority of staff are white non-hispanic at 75%, compared to a regional average of 64% White non-hispanic employees account for a greater proportion within each subsequent level of seniority and degree level As seniority increases, the number of employees with advanced degrees also increases.

52 COMPENSATION Women on average have lower salaries, but this is only significantly lower among exempt non-supervisory employees, exempt employees with MLS degrees ( librarians ), and senior leadership Employees identifying as a different racial group than white non-hispanic do not necessarily earn a lower salary, but they are employed at such low numbers that these results are inconclusive Following the 2008 financial crisis, the gender wage gap went from $4,172 before the recession, to $10,325 when hiring increased again in 2011.

53 FURTHER QUESTIONS What do you make of these findings? What do you need to know about your institution and how it varies compared to other ASERL institutions? What would you like to see in a future study on diversity and equity?

54 THANK YOU