The Engineering Sketch Pad: A Solid-Modeling, Feature-Based, Web-Enabled System for Building Parametric Geometry
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1 The Engineering Sketch Pad: A Solid-Modeling, Feature-Based, Web-Enabled System for Building Parametric Geometry Robert Haimes haimes@mit.edu Aerospace Computational Design Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology John F. Dannenhoffer, III jfdannen@syr.edu Aerospace Computational Methods Lab Syracuse University 21 st AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference CFD-38 Grid Generation and Effects of Grid Quality II Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
2 Overview Background / Objective System Architecture Software Assemblage & Components Engineering Sketch Pad (ESP) WebViewer Browser JavaScript API Server Requirements OpenCSM (AIAA Paper ) EGADS (AIAA Paper ) Conclusions Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
3 Background / Objective Background Need in MDAO community to visualize and interact with 3D configurations A geometric tool is needed to provide multi-fidelity (analysis aware) configurations that can be used throughout the early phases of design Increasing use of browser-based tools in engineering community Objective To build a solid-modeling, feature-based, web-enabled system for constructing & modifying parametric geometry Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
4 System Architecture The Engineering Sketch Pad Web Server Acts like an Apache server OpenCSM Drives Geometric Builds EGADS Geometry Kernel OpenCASCADE Browser FireFox, Chrome, Safari JavaScript WebSockets WebGL WebViewer 3D Viewer JavaScript API Customized UI JavaScript, CSS & HTML Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
5 ESP in a Web Browser Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
6 Engineering Sketch Pad Operates with (almost) any modern browser Modification of regeneration values design parameters feature suppression / selection Modification of feature tree add/delete/modify branches 3-D graphical representation view transformation, picking, locating Control of scene properties visibility, mesh, orientation, transparency MVC Model is in the server, View in the Browser, Controller implemented in both Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
7 WebViewer Goals Potential applications (in an MDAO setting) geometry construction meshing scientific visualization multidimensional design space exploration Uses a web browser, which has the following advantages: computer platform independence potentially no software installation & no browser plugins needed client-server architecture (SOA) tablet enabled cloud ready geographically-dispersed collaboration Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
8 WebSockets HTML5 standard message-passing JavaScript API provides full-duplex communications over a single TCP/IP connection low packet overhead can specify multiple protocols (like MPI communicators) messages can be text or binary supports JavaScript typed arrays for binary Using WebViewer: browser-to-server text stream (for Controller) server-to-browser text stream (for Controller) server-to-browser binary stream (for View) Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
9 WebGL OpenGL-like rendering JavaScript API based on OpenGL ES 2.0 small & simple API driven by Vertex Buffer Objects (VBOs) no individual vertex-based calls layout can be constructed in the server high performance no lighting-model or material properties GLSL-like Vertex and Fragment shaders required direct access to GPU but at the cost of programming high performance rendering little JavaScript involvement Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
10 WebViewer Client-side completely asynchronous scene driven by VBOs received from the server-side supplied shaders support: two-sided lighting ambient & diffuse lighting model back-face coloring constant and/or linearly interpolated color-space mapping simple transparency picking bumping of lines forward (in screen Z) custom UI via WebViewer specific JavaScript call-backs stateless except for view transformation and plotting attributes Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
11 WebViewer Server-side handles the Model and part of the Controller in the MCV paradigm maintains state constructs VBOs so that the browser does not have to interpret the potentially voluminous data for the View must communicate via specific WebSocket protocols Python has many WebSocket packages libwebsockets open source project for C/C++ programming which is used for ESP Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
12 OpenCSM An Open-Source Constructive Solid Modeler API accessible feature-based parametric solid modeler feature tree suite of parameters (driving and driven) full suite of standard primitives, boolean operators and transformations user-friendly sketcher user-defined primitives/features configuration files that are readable ASCII text Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
13 OpenCSM csm File Description ASCII file that contains build recipe that is executed in a stack-like way all arguments are MATLAB-like expressions primitives: box, cylinder, cone, sphere, torus grown bodies: extrude, loft, revolve, sweep user-defined primitives: ellipse, freeform solid, NACA airfoil,... applied features: fillet, chamfer, offset, hollow boolean operators: union, difference, intersection sketches: lines, circular arcs, splines, constraints transformations and utilities: translate, rotate, scale, patterns, macros Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
14 OpenCSM Example # design parameters despmtr width despmtr depth 4.00 despmtr height despmtr neckdiam 2.50 despmtr neckheight 3.00 despmtr wall 0.20 despmtr filrad despmtr filrad # basic bottle shape (filleted) set baseht height-neckheight skbeg -width/2 -depth/4 0 cirarc 0 -depth/2 0 +width/2 -depth/4 0 linseg +width/2 +depth/4 0 cirarc 0 +depth/2 0 -width/2 +depth/4 0 skend extrude 0 0 baseht fillet filrad1 0 0 # neck with a hole set holebot height-neckheight/2 cylinder 0 0 baseht 0 0 height neckdiam/2 cylinder 0 0 holebot 0 0 height+wall neckdiam/2-wall subtract # join the neck to the bottle and apply a fillet at the union union fillet filrad2 0 0 Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
15 EGADS Engineering Geometry Aircraft Design System compact object-based API to OpenCASCADE 60 C/C++/FORTRAN functions from about 17, 000 OpenCASCADE C++ methods supports the following: manifold and non-manifold Boundary Representations bottom-up construction node, curve, edge, surface, loop, face, shell, body top-down construction primitives, boolean operators, transformations lofts, revolves, fillets, and more attribution that is maintained through regenerations Can read and write IGES, STEP, and native file formats Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
16 Conclusions Why ESP and why not CAD? design intent in a simple, readable ASCII file easy to add primitives/features can support multi-fidelity geometry, for example: beam, BEM and/or fully expressed solids mid-surface aero and/or OML attribution can be used to set material properties/boundary conditions for automation HPC friendly (no licensing issues) parametric sensitivities everything is an API; easy integration into larger processes Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
17 Conclusions Another Assemblage OpenMDAO Framework GEM (Geometry Environment for MDAO) OpenCSM EGADS OpenCASCADE diamond CAPRI CAD Systems Catia, Pro/ENGINEER, UG NX, SolidWorks Geometry Kernels quartz Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
18 Conclusions Engineering Sketch Pad: an open-source feature-based solid modeler layered upon OpenCASCADE is web-enabled uses (almost) any modern Web browser built upon WebSockets and WebGL is freely-available for download at: Acknowledgements This work was supported by a NASA Fundamental Aero NRA Christopher Heath, Technical Monitor Haimes & Dannenhoffer Engineering Sketch Pad 26 June / 18
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