Four Mainstream Reality Capture Tools* Optical GNSS (or more commonly GPS) Lidar. Photogrammetry 12/20/2015. Static Mobile Aerial

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1 Four Mainstream Reality Capture Tools* Optical GNSS (or more commonly GPS) Lidar Static Mobile Aerial Photogrammetry UAV Collected Ground Collected 1

2 Optical Consists of three measurement devices H Angle, V Angle, Distance Efficiency gains Autolock Reflectorless Robotic Imaging Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $$ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * GNSS/ GPS GPS, Glonass, Beidou, Galileo, QZSS Uses at least 2 receivers (Base/Rover) Tree/urban canopy can be problematic Efficiency Gains Cellular corrections More signals More data 2

3 Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * 3 Primary Types Static Mobile Aerial Lidar Static Lidar Two 360 degree rotating scanners Many points/ sec (million+) Add imagery for colorizing pixels Creates point clouds Moves field processes to office 3

4 Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * IMU Mobile Lidar Positioning GNSS Spherical Camera Heading GNSS Dual LiDAR System One or two rotating lasers Many points/ sec Add imagery for colorizing pixels Utilizes GNSS & IMU for positioning Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * 4

5 Aerial Lidar Many points/ sec Add imagery for colorizing pixels/ orthophotos Creates point clouds Moves field processes to office Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * UAVs Imagery only (typically), rarely LiDAR Creates point clouds/ orthophotos Moves field processes to office (very automated) 5

6 Topographic Survey Example UAS GNSS Comments Area 370 acres 370 acres Ground control setup & measurement 1 ¼ hr --- Ground control not required for all applications Setup time 15 min 15 min (per day) Survey time 45 min 30 ½ hr (4 days) Tear-down time 15 min 15 min (per day) Data processing time 4 hrs (2.80 GHz Intel Core i7, 16 GB RAM) --- Data can be processed overnight Total time 6 hr 30 min 32 hr 30 min 5x faster than GNSS Measurement sampling.12 feet (at 400 feet flight altitude) 50 feet Minimum sampling size is.08 feet Horizontal accuracy.07 feet.03 feet Vertical accuracy.13 feet.07 feet 6

7 Topographic Survey Example Surface model generated from UAS survey (300,000 measurements) Surface model generated from GNSS survey (100,000 measurements) Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $$ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * How to fly (legally!) UAVs were banned by the FAA in 2007 and they control the national airspace Hobby Exclusion Not for commercial use Government COA Only available to tax funded organizations Section 333 Exemption Only possible option commercial use* *Manufacturers can obtain SAC 7

8 What are the proposed rules? (highlights) Operational Aircraft less than 55lbs. Under 500 AGL (above ground level) Max. speed 100 mph Must maintain visual contact May not operate within 500 of nonparticipants (structures, people) Operator Operator certification (no pilot needed) What are the typical 333 restrictions? (highlights) Operational Under 400 AGL (above ground level) Aircraft <55 lbs, speeds <100 mph Must maintain visual contact May not operate near people (500 ) May not fly over built-up areas *** this isn t showing up any longer Must have COA (either blanket or site specific) Operator Private, Commercial, Recreational, or Sport Pilot s License Required Civil COAs (highlights Blanket COA Flights under 200 Not within 5 NM of towered airport, 2-3NM of non-towered Not over major cities Must file Notice to Airmen (NoTAM) hrs before flight Specific COA Takes days to process Typically will limit to <400 AGL, closer to airports with airport approval Must file NoTAM hrs before flight 8

9 Why would someone want to go through the hassle of a 333? Offer a service very few can legally provide Many companies require this for UAV data Efficiency gains are tremendous on site development Develop internal knowledge prior to the implementation of official rules It is likely to only take a couple months for the initial exemption, then each site should be a quick approval Why would someone want to go through the hassle of a 333? Consequences for not Liability Fines ($10k/day) Potential disbarment from government funded projects FAA proposes $1.8M fine to SkyCap Ground Collected Images Utilizing cameras May require ground control Creates point clouds or uses office input to collect individual points Moves field processes to office (heavy automation) 9

10 Pointclouds from pictures Optical GNSS Static LiDAR Mobile LiDAR Aerial LiDAR UAV Ground Photo Capital Cost $ $$ $ $$ $$ $$$ $$$$$ $$ $ $$ Per Point Cost $$$$ $$$ $ $ $$ $ $ Accuracy AAAA AAA AAAA AA+ A AA+ AA+ Efficiency E EE EE EEE EEEE EEE EEE Site Suitability **** *** **** *** **** * ** MECHANICAL SPACES TIME SPENT SCANNING = 4 5 HRS SCAN = 1,144,000,000 PTS FILE SIZES = o PT.CLOUD.PCG: 13.68GB POINT CLOUD (LASER SCAN) 10

11 MST ROLLA LINKED FILE SIZES = o PT.CLOUD. RVT: 9.65MB o ARCH.RVT: 9.85MB o MEP.RVT: 30.6MB BIM (REVIT MODEL) Constructability Review Clash Detection Design Clash As-built Clash detection, dimensional control, quality assurance Autodesk Recap Demo Video Point cloud with a GoPro and QuadCopter V10 Data Collected while surveying Hilton Curb Collected with iphone Surface in Civil 3D 11

12 Questions? Matt Davis Travis LeMoine 12