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1 Andrid Develpment Intrductin Sessin bjectives What s Andrid 3 What s Andrid Andrid architecture Andrid sftware develpment Hell Wrld n Andrid Mre Andrid Phnes 2 4 1

OHA and Andrid What s Andrid Generally, Andrid is a sftware stack fr mbile devices that includes an perating system, middleware and key applicatins Andrid is based n JAVA and all its

develpment and many useful APIs http://vvanhai.wrdpress.

cm/) OHA s aim: accelerate innvatin in mbile phnes ffer cnsumers a richer, less expensive, and better mbile experience OHA develped Andrid, the first cmplete, pen, and free mbile

2 OHA and Andrid What s Andrid Generally, Andrid is a sftware stack fr mbile devices that includes an perating system, middleware and key applicatins Andrid is based n JAVA and all its applicatins are develped in JAVA The JAVA VM, knwn as Dalvik, is highly custmized and ptimized fr mbile devices The cre f Andrid Andrid SDK ffers rich tls fr andrid applicatin develpment and many useful APIs OHA(Open Handset Alliance) is a grup f many technlgy and mbile cmpanies, including Ggle, Intel, Dell, HTC, Samsung, LG, (mre at: OHA s aim: accelerate innvatin in mbile phnes ffer cnsumers a richer, less expensive, and better mbile experience OHA develped Andrid, the first cmplete, pen, and free mbile platfrm OHA was initially called up by Ggle, and Ggle is the captain Andrid Features #1 Applicatin framewrk enabling reuse and replacement f cmpnents Optimized Java virtual machine: Dalvik Optimized Graphics Prcessing, supprting 2D and 3D graphics(opengl ES 1.0 ) Integrated pen surce web brwser: WebKit SQLite fr structured data strage 6 8 2

Andrid Features #2 Multimedia capability, supprting varieties f audi, vide and

GPS, cmpass, accelermeter and ther sensrs supprt Rich develpment envirnment,

eclipse plugins Hardware dependent http://vvanhai.wrdpress.

kernel nt a Linux OS Supplies Security, Memry management, Prcess management,

3 Andrid Features #2 Multimedia capability, supprting varieties f audi, vide and still image frmats GSM Telephny Bluetth, EDGE, 3G and Wi-Fi supprt Camera, GPS, cmpass, accelermeter and ther sensrs supprt Rich develpment envirnment, including an emulatr, debugging tls, memry prbe tls, lg tls and pwerful eclipse plugins Hardware dependent Linux Kernel Andrid architecture Nte that Andrid based n a Linux kernel nt a Linux OS Supplies Security, Memry management, Prcess management, Netwrk stack and Driver mdel Acts as an abstractin layer between the hardware and the rest f the sftware stack

Libraries Cre Libraries Run in system backgrund Using C/C++ Language 4 types f Libraries Binic Libc, system C libraries Functin Libraries, supprting multimedia, web brwser, SQLite.

dex) frmat Java cre Libraries Prvides mst f the functinality f the Java prgramming language. http://vvanhai.wrdpress.

4 Libraries Cre Libraries Run in system backgrund Using C/C++ Language 4 types f Libraries Binic Libc, system C libraries Functin Libraries, supprting multimedia, web brwser, SQLite... Native Servers Hardware Abstractin Libraries Andid Runtime The cre f Andrid platfrm Dalvik Virtual Machine Register-based Executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) frmat Java cre Libraries Prvides mst f the functinality f the Java prgramming language System C library, the standard C system library, tuned fr embedded Linux-based devices Media Libraries, supprt playback and recrding f many ppular audi and vide frmats, as well as image files, including MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG Surface Manager, manages access t the display subsystem and seamlessly cmpsites 2D and 3D graphic layers frm multiple applicatins WebKit, a mdern web brwser engine which pwers bth the Andrid brwser and an embeddable web view SGL, the underlying 2D graphics engine 3D libraries, an implementatin based n OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs FreeType, bitmap and vectr fnt rendering SQLite, a pwerful and lightweight relatinal database engine Andrid Runtime (cnt.) The functins f Java cre libraries rely n the Dalvik VM and the underlying Linux kernel Multiple Dalvik VMs may run at the same time Every Andrid applicatin runs in its wn prcess, with its wn instance f the Dalvik virtual machine The "dx" tl in Andrid SDK can transfrm cmpiled JAVA class int the.dex frmat

Dalvik Virtual Machine DVM vs. JVM Andrid custm implementatin virtual machine Prvides applicatin prtability and runtime cnsistency Runs ptimized file frmat (.dex) and Dalvik bytecde Java.class /.

5 Dalvik Virtual Machine DVM vs. JVM Andrid custm implementatin virtual machine Prvides applicatin prtability and runtime cnsistency Runs ptimized file frmat (.dex) and Dalvik bytecde Java.class /.jar files cnverted t.dex at build time Designed fr embedded envirnment Supprts multiple virtual machine prcesses per device Highly CPU-ptimized bytecde interpreter Efficiently using runtime memry Cre Libraries Cre APIs fr Java language prvide a pwerful, yet simple and familiar develpment platfrm Applicatin Framewrk Simplify the reuse f cmpnents Applicatins can publish their capabilities and any ther applicatin may then make use f thse capabilities Applicatins is a set f services and systems, include Views system, cntent prviders, resurces manager and s n DVM JVM Ggle Dalvik executable Only supprts a subset f standard Java Library Sun (Oracle) Java bytecde Sme wrries that Java wrld may be divided int different cmmunities, each has its wn Java standard Applicatin Framewrk (cnt.) Activity Manager, manages the lifecycle f applicatins and prvides a cmmn navigatin backstack Ntificatin Manager, enables all applicatins t display custm alerts in the status bar Resurce Manager, prviding access t nn-cde resurces such as lcalized strings, graphics, and layut files Cntent Prviders, access data frm ther applicatins (such as Cntacts), r t share their wn data Views, used t build an applicatin, including lists, grids, text bxes, buttns, and even an embeddable web brwser

Applicatins A set f cre applicatins shipped with Andrid platfrm an email client, SMS prgram, calendar, maps, brwser, cntacts, and thers All written in Java Our

Andrid Emulatr/Andrid Device 4. Debugger IDE Eclipse (www.eclipse.rg ) + Eclipse plug-in (https://dlssl.ggle.

6 Applicatins A set f cre applicatins shipped with Andrid platfrm an client, SMS prgram, calendar, maps, brwser, cntacts, and thers All written in Java Our applicatins are in the same level as these applicatins Develpment Envirnment 1. Integrated Develpment Envirnment 2. Sftware Develpment Kit (SDK) 3. Andrid Emulatr/Andrid Device 4. Debugger IDE Eclipse ( ) + Eclipse plug-in ( ) IDE Andrid Studi ( /index.html ) 21 Andid Studi Dwnlad Andrid studi and install Andrid sftware develpment

Or Setup Andrid SDK Setup eclipse plugin (if nt using bundle) Dwnlad Andrid SDK

html (Chse zip frmat r installer file) Cnfigure Eclipse Plug-in Open eclipse.

yu extracted the dwnladed SDK zip file http://vvanhai.wrdpress.

cm/andrid/eclipse/ Install all the plugins in the repsitry Restart needed after

7 Or Setup Andrid SDK Setup eclipse plugin (if nt using bundle) Dwnlad Andrid SDK at (Chse zip frmat r installer file) Cnfigure Eclipse Plug-in Open eclipse. On menu Windw->Preferences, select Andrid Setup the SDK lcatin as the flder where yu extracted the dwnladed SDK zip file Install Eclipse ADT plugin Update site: Install all the plugins in the repsitry Restart needed after installatin Setup SDK APIs Open Windw->Andrid SDK Manager Click Available Packages and then chse prper APIs t install, the latest may be the best

8 Setup Emulatrs Ready Open Windw-> Andrid Virtual Device (ADV) Manager Click Create, there will be a dialg input a name chse a running target and a skin specify the SD card size Using third-party emulatr Genymtin: Nw yu may start the AVD Click start t start the new AVD First start-up may take a very lng time

cm/ 33 35 Hell Wrld Prject src: surce flder gen: SDK generated file andrid 5.1.

9 Create a new Andrid Prject Hell Wrld n Andrid Open File->New->Prject Create a new Andrid Prject Enter: Select Applicatin Name Prject Name Package name Minimum SDK Target SDK Cmpile SDK Theme Hell Wrld Prject src: surce flder gen: SDK generated file andrid 5.1.1: reference lib assets: binary resurces res: resurce files and resurce descriptin files AndridManifest.xml: applicatin descriptin and cnfiguratin file prject.prperties: prject prperties file

Say Hell Wrld Run Hell Wrld mdify HellWrld.java Select HellWrld Prject, Run->Run as->andrid Applicatin ADT will start a prper AVD and run HellWrld app n it Behind HellWrld #1 R.

$final int main=0x7f030000; } public static final class string { public static final int app_name=0x7f040001; public static final int hell=0x7f040000; } // } http://vvanhai.wrdpress.$

10 Say Hell Wrld Run Hell Wrld mdify HellWrld.java Select HellWrld Prject, Run->Run as->andrid Applicatin ADT will start a prper AVD and run HellWrld app n it Behind HellWrld #1 R.java, generated by Andrid SDK, represents all the resurces f the app. resurces are all in res flder resurces are pre-cmpiled int binary frmat /* AUTO-GENERATED FILE. DO NOT MODIFY */ package vvanhai.wrdpress.cm.hellwrld; public final class R { public static final class attr { } public static final class drawable { public static final int icn=0x7f020000; } public static final class layut { public static final int main=0x7f030000; } public static final class string { public static final int app_name=0x7f040001; public static final int hell=0x7f040000; } // } Behind HellWrld #2 res/layut, cntains layut declaratins f the app, in XML frmat, UIs are built accrding t the layut file Layut <RelativeLayut xmlns:andrid=" xmlns:tls=" andrid:layut_width="match_parent" andrid:layut_height="match_parent" andrid:paddingbttm="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" andrid:paddingleft="@dimen/activity_hrizntal_margin" andrid:paddingright="@dimen/activity_hrizntal_margin" andrid:paddingtp="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" TextView, tls:cntext="vvanhai.wrdpress.cm.hellwrld.mainactivity" display static text > <TextView andrid:layut_width="wrap_cntent" andrid:layut_height="wrap_cntent" andrid:text="@string/hell_wrld" /> </RelativeLayut> A reference t String resurce hell_wrld

Behind HellWrld #3 Behind HellWrld #4 res/values, cntains string declaratins r ther values(e.g.:clrs) f the app string.

xml describe the applicatin declare app s name, versin, icn, permissin, etc referenced in AndridManifest.

cm/ 41 43 res/drawable, cntains all image resurces flders may have suffixes, app will chse the mst suitable ne, s d the ther resurces three flders: drawable-ldpi,

png file app will chse the prper icn accrding t the device DPI reference name:@drawable/icn ther flders we may use in future menu, anim (animatin), xml ( preference and

11 Behind HellWrld #3 Behind HellWrld #4 res/values, cntains string declaratins r ther values(e.g.:clrs) f the app string.xml, cntains string resurces referenced in res/layut/m ain.xml Behind HellWrld #5 AndridManifest.xml describe the applicatin declare app s name, versin, icn, permissin, etc referenced in AndridManifest.xml declare the applicatin's cmpnents: activity, service,receiver r prvider res/drawable, cntains all image resurces flders may have suffixes, app will chse the mst suitable ne, s d the ther resurces three flders: drawable-ldpi, drawable-hdpi, drawable-mdpi, each cntains an icn.png file app will chse the prper icn accrding t the device DPI reference name:@drawable/icn ther flders we may use in future menu, anim (animatin), xml ( preference and searchable) Cre Cmpnents-Activity #1 Basically, An activity presents a visual user interface fr ne fcused endeavr the user can undertake An applicatin might cnsist f just ne activity r several, each Activity is derived frm andrid.app.activity and shuld be declared in AndridManifest.xml file Each activity is given a default windw t draw in, the windw may be full screen r smaller and n tp f ther windw The visual cntent f the windw is prvided by a hierarchy f views bjects derived frm the base View class Activity.setCntentView() methd is used t set a certain hierarchy f view bjects

Cre Cmpnents-Activity #2 Activities are activated by asynchrnus messages called intents An intent is an Intent bject that hlds the cntent f the message The actin being requested r the

xml file specifies the Intent that can start the Activity declares the main activity, it will be started autmatically when the app starts An activity is launched (r given smething new

cm/training/basics/activity-lifecycle/starting.html 45 Activity lifecycle http://vvanhai.wrdpress.

12 Cre Cmpnents-Activity #2 Activities are activated by asynchrnus messages called intents An intent is an Intent bject that hlds the cntent f the message The actin being requested r the URI f the data t act n The <intent-filter> label in AndridManifest.xml file specifies the Intent that can start the Activity declares the main activity, it will be started autmatically when the app starts An activity is launched (r given smething new t d) by passing an Intent bject t Cntext.startActivity() r Activity.startActivityFrResult() Andrid Life cycle Nguồn: 45 Activity lifecycle 47 Other Cre Cmpnents Service A service desn't have a visual user interface, runs in the backgrund fr a perid f time Bradcast receivers a cmpnent that des nthing but receive and react t bradcast annuncements Cntent prviders A cntent prvider makes a specific set f the applicatin's data available t ther applicatins. The data can be stred in the file system, in an SQLite database, r in any ther manner that makes sense

Beynd HellWrld #1 Build up an app that yu can input yur

TextView Of curse, we have t add an buttn Edit res/layut/main.

used t reference it in cde Beynd HellWrld #3 Run->Run

wrdpress.cm/ 49 51 Beynd HellWrld #2 Mdify HellWrld.

13 Beynd HellWrld #1 Build up an app that yu can input yur greetings and display yur greetings Input: EditText Display: TextView Of curse, we have t add an buttn Edit res/layut/main.xml file t add these cmpnents each has an andrid:id prperty, used t reference it in cde Beynd HellWrld #3 Run->Run as->andrid Applicatin Quite easy, isn t it? Beynd HellWrld #2 Mdify HellWrld.java Get the references declared in activity-main.xml Mre add event respnse fr Buttn

14 Useful Materials Andrid Official Site Andrid SDK, Tutrial, Cncepts and API dcs Andrid Develpment Cmmunity 30 Days Andrid Apps Develpment Thank fr yur patient 54 14

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