15 MINUTE GUIDE: OPTIMIZING ORACLE DBA EFFICIENCY

Transcription

1 15 MINUTE GUIDE: OPTIMIZING ORACLE DBA EFFICIENCY MAKING ORACLE DBAS MORE PRODUCTIVE WITH EMC VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE Leverage EMC Prven Slutins t deliver real advantages in perfrmance, management, and cst fr yur Oracle database envirnments. EMC PERSPECTIVE

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 OPTIMIZE ORACLE PERFORMANCE 4 SCALE ORACLE FASTER WITHOUT DISRUPTION 6 ACCELERATE ORACLE LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT 7 ENHANCE ORACLE BACKUP AND RECOVERY 8 APPLICATION-CONSISTENT ORACLE DATA PROTECTION 9 NON-STOP ORACLE DATA ACCESS 10 THREE PATHS TO THE PRIVATE CLOUD 11 ACCELERATE YOUR TRANSFORMATION 13

3 INTRODUCTION EMC and Oracle share a deep histry f investment dating back t 1995, and the partnership currently supprts ver 75,000 jint custmers. EMC and Oracle cntinue that lng histry f cllabratin tday thrugh strng jint engineering, slutins develpment, and glbal supprt. This cumulative investment ver nearly tw decades has led t EMC being the #1 strage platfrm deplyed fr Oracle envirnments in the wrld* (Surce IDC Strage User Demand Study, Spring Editin: End Users Test Different Ways f Using Slid State Strage, dc #238127, December 2012.) Tday, ur jint custmers are cming t us t understand hw t prepare and execute n their jurney t the clud and what this jurney means t their Oracle DBA and IT infrastructure teams. Private clud cmputing fcuses n the abstractin, pling and autmatin f IT infrastructure resurces, designed t better service multiple Oracle databases and applicatins. While achieving this gal fr IT as a whle, private clud cmputing shuld als prvide DBAs the same level f cntrl and efficiency they are used t in Oracle sftware, but enable the acceleratin f their tactical and strategic management tasks, including: Oracle perfrmance tuning and ptimizatin Capacity planning and grwth management Database lifecycle management Backup and recvery Lcal and remte data prtectin Active-active cluster management In this EMC Perspective we will discuss a variety f ways in which small investments in IT infrastructure can have dramatic effect in helping DBAs accmplish daily management tasks faster and mre efficiently. This increase in DBA prductivity in their daily activities frees up time t fcus n value-add prcesses and innvatin. The benefits f an EMC virtual infrastructure plug int nearly all Oracle envirnments tday, withut changing the Oracle database sftware r applicatins, and lays a fundatin fr IT as a whle t leverage private clud cmputing acrss all applicatin envirnments.

4 EMC FAST VP Delivers 10X Faster Strage Tiering Fr DBAs: FAST VP cmbined with EMC flash technlgy enables the underlying strage resurces t autmatically adapt t new database plices set by the Oracle DBA 10X faster than traditinal strage architecture, alleviating the DBA's management burden and maintaining maximized perfrmance as wrklads change ver time. Furthermre, the substantial imprvements in TPM and reduced I/O latency that just a small amunt f flash can prvide alleviate the time DBAs need t spend tuning and ptimizing Oracle perfrmance and allws them t respnd faster t the needs f the IT rganizatin. OPTIMIZE ORACLE PERFORMANCE Due t the varying nature f Oracle wrklads, the underlying strage infrastructure shuld be apprached nt as a single mnlithic entity, but as intelligent, dynamic and autmated tiering strage architecture. EMC believes in a tiered strage apprach, which allws Oracle DBAs the chice f ptimizing their infrastructure fr perfrmance, scalability, and flexibility. This starts by first chsing the apprpriate tier f strage itself, between high perfrmance flash drives, high capacity SATA drives, and traditinal FC drives. Fr the past several years, we have wrked actively with Oracle custmers, utilizing Oracle Autmated Wrklad Repsitry (AWR) reprts t identify which Oracle data shuld be placed n which tiers f strage. The AWR reprt is a gd way t identify thse Oracle wrklads well suited fr flash drives, fr example, identifying the tp five wait events, r where yu have a high degree f randm reads and writes. Once tiered strage is deplyed hwever, Oracle wrklads will change in a day, week, r mnth. The prcess f recnfiguring strage can be time cnsuming and ften invlve dwntime t the database. EMC intrduced Fully Autmated Strage Tiering (FAST ) as a means t autmate this prvisining prcess and perfrm tiering at the Oracle blck level. FAST prvides the autmatin t place and mve data t the apprpriate strage tier while significantly reducing strage administratin time. DBAs can set plicies arund which databases r specific parts f the database shuld have pririty fr perfrmance during different times f the day r as certain perfrmance threshlds are reached. EMC is expanding the use f FAST t take advantage f targeted use f flash at different layers f the Oracle I/O path fr maximized perfrmance and reduced respnse times: EMC FAST Virtual Pls (FAST VP ) enables the underlying strage resurces t autmatically adapt t new database plices set by the Oracle DBA in up t 9X less time than traditinal strage architecture, alleviating the DBA's management burden and maintaining maximized perfrmance as wrklads changever time. EMC FAST Cache uses flash drives t add an extra layer f cache between DRAM cache and rtating disk drives, thereby creating a faster medium fr strage frequently accessed data. FAST Cache is an extendable read/write cache which tracks data activity at a granularity f 64 KB and prmtes ht data int FAST Cache by cpying it frm the HDDs t flash drives assigned t FAST Cache. Subsequent I/O access t that data is handled by the flash drives and is serviced at flash drive respnse times, fr very lw latency. FAST Cache is particularly suited fr Oracle database applicatins that generate a large number f randm I/Os that experience sudden bursts in user query activity r high, cncurrent user lads where the data set fits within the flash drive cache.

5 Custmers Achieve Better Oracle Perfrmance Running n EMC. Results include: 2.5 X Better Virtualized Respnse Times 5x Imprvement Than Older Infrastructure 3.5 Better Oracle RAC Perfrmance 4x Faster Virtualized Oracle Query Perfrmance FAST VP autmatically mves data t the mst apprpriate strage tier based n sustained data access and demands ver time. FAST Cache autmatically absrbs unexpected spikes in applicatin wrklads fr burst-prne data. FAST Cache can be used alne r with FAST VP and EMC testing has shwn that the additin f FAST Cache can duble Oracle transactins per minute (TPM) in a virtualized Oracle database envirnment running VMware. EMC XtremSW Cache is a server flash caching slutin that uses intelligent caching sftware and PCIe flash technlgy t reduce the latency and increase thrughput which dramatically imprves applicatin perfrmance. XtremSW Cache is particularly beneficial fr read-intensive applicatins such as Oracle OLTP envirnments. XtremSW Cache autmatically identifies frequently accessed read data and prmtes that data t the flash n the PCIe card, alleviating I/O pressure frm the strage array which accelerates perfrmance and cmplements FAST VP. Since frequently accessed data nw is lcated n dedicated strage inside the server, I/O service times are greatly reduced. Used in cmbinatin, XtremSW Cache and EMC's FAST Suite further streamline data delivery acrss the data cntinuum which prvides an end-t-end tiering slutin that ptimizes Oracle capacity and perfrmance frm the server t the strage. The fur charts belw shw results f EMC testing that demnstrate that by adding XtremSW Cache and EMC FAST users can nearly triple Oracle transactins per minute (TPM) and reduce I/O latency by 60-80% in a virtualized Oracle database envirnment running VMware. By applying EMC FAST Suite and flash technlgy within the strage array, strage netwrk r Oracle database server itself, EMC has shwn that just a little flash can g a lng way in maximizing Oracle database perfrmance.

6 As custmers virtualize their Oracle databases they will need t scale perfrmance as mre virtualized servers and users are added t the database envirnment. EMC recently perfrmed a series f tests t dcument Oracle OLTP database perfrmance in a virtualized envirnment using bth EMC Symmetrix VMAX and VNX platfrms with EMC XtremSW Cache. The results demnstrate the ability t use EMC XtremSW Cache t scale perfrmance linearly t nearly 3 millin IOPs, adding virtualized database servers and user access, while maintaining sub-millisecnd respnse times. Fr thse custmers running Oracle ver NFS, EMC has an added ptin t leverage Oracle Direct NFS (dnfs) tgether with EMC Unified Strage. Oracle dnfs is an ptimized NFS (Netwrk File System) client that prvides faster and mre scalable access t NFS strage lcated n NAS strage devices. Direct NFS prvides faster perfrmance that what can be prvided by the perating system's NFS driver as Oracle bypasses the perating system and generates exactly the requests it needs (n user cnfiguratin r tuning required). Data is cached just nce in user space, which saves memry (n secnd cpy in kernel space). Perfrmance is further imprved by lad balancing acrss multiple netwrk interfaces (if available). SCALE ORACLE FASTER WITHOUT DISRUPTION Once Oracle databases are deplyed and begin t scale, DBAs will need t extend existing databases r create new database instances. Bth f these tasks require engagement with strage infrastructure. Traditinally, administratrs allcate database space and strage capacity based n anticipated future grwth. This is dne t mitigate recurring peratinal activities such as incrementally increasing strage allcatins, r adding discreet blcks f strage as space is cnsumed. This apprach results in mre strage allcated than is actually needed ver an extended perid f time. In ther examples, database administratrs may pre-allcate large amunts f strage fr data files r table spaces t ensure sufficient free space within the database.

7 Simplified Grwth Management Fr Oracle DBAs EMC Virtual Prvisining cmplements Oracle database layut and capacity planning methdlgies and allws fr the mst efficient space allcatin fr Oracle databases while als streamlining capacity planning and grwth management.emc best practices fr Oracle utlined a tested use case where applying EMC Virtual Prvisining alng with Oracle ASM s Reclamatin Utility helped Oracle DBAs reclaim ver 56 percent f strage capacity, imprving the efficiency f managing Oracle fr perfrmance and capacity planning. The perating system sees space as cmpletely allcated but internally nly a fractin f the allcated space might be used. In bth scenaris, capacity is wasted and can pse pprtunities t speed allcatin f capacity t Oracle DBAs where and when it s needed. EMC Virtual Prvisining allws mre strage t be presented t a hst perating system than is physically available. Virtual prvisining can allcate physical strage nly when the strage is actually written t, allwing mre efficient strage use and lwer cst. Virtual prvisining als stripes the data acrss disks in the thin pl regardless f whether a small r large thin device r database bject is created, and alleviates the need fr time-cnsuming strage layut planning. This allws the seamless additin f mre physical strage as the demand fr the Oracle database applicatin grws. While increasing the available capacity, mre physical disks can als imprve the applicatin s I/O perfrmance because f wider striping and mre back-end spindles t drive I/O traffic. Fr thse custmers running VMware Sphere n their Oracle database servers, VMware Dynamic Resurce Scheduler (DRS) aggregates vsphere hst resurces int clusters and autmatically distributes these resurces acrss virtual machines by mnitring utilizatin and cntinuusly ptimizing virtual machine distributin acrss vsphere hsts. Cmbined with EMC Virtual Strage Prvisining, Oracle server and strage resurces can be ptimized fr grwth management and capacity planning even as Oracle wrklads change. ACCELERATE ORACLE LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT Prductin Oracle database envirnments create with them an ecsystem f supprting envirnments used fr tasks such as fast nline recvery, sftware r hardware maintenance, and test and develpment. All f these tasks need t be perfrmed ff f cpies separate frm the prductin database t avid impacting IT peratins. Histrically Oracle DBAs have relied n server-based replicatin cpying Oracle data ver crprate LAN envirnments. This prcess can be time cnsuming and als impact prductin database perfrmance r in sme cases require prductin database dwntime t accmplish. In additin, refreshing envirnments with this apprach can take hurs r even days depending n the size f the envirnment. Thrugh EMC virtual infrastructure, DBAs have access t different types f replicatin ptins executed within the strage infrastructure itself. One example is full vlumefr-vlume cpies f the entire Oracle database envirnment. These are used t create fully recverable cpies f the Oracle database. This prcess leverages EMC clnes that prvide nt just full cpies f the actual data, but als add an EMC technlgy called cnsistency grups. These are imprtant because many Oracle databases will span multiple LUNs within the strage array. As transactins cntinue t be prcessed during the replicatin prcess it is critical t assure, with clnes, that the new cpy is transactinally cnsistent with the surce database s that it can be used fr effective and fast recvery.

8 Create Clnes and Snaps In Minutes Fr DBAs DBAs r SAN administratrs can be prvided access privileges t manage replicatin including: Pint-and-click, wizarddriven management f EMC clne and snap replicatin technlgies which ease management chres Ability t create a gld cpy f the Oracle prductin database, making it quick and easy t create a backup that can be used if there is a patch, upgrade, r database crruptin prblem While full database clnes are useful fr full recvery, they are als time cnsuming t create as they cpy all data n a blck-fr-blck basis, nt t mentin they cnsume large amunts f strage space. With this in mind, EMC enables the use f snaps as a cst-effective alternative t clnes. Snaps are space-saving cpies that stre the data in memry versus disk. Because RAM is much faster fr strage and retrieval than physical drive space, speed is a benefit. Pint-in-time images are made quickly withut causing und impact t hst applicatins. Anther benefit is the extra strage space this leaves available fr ther infrmatin. EMC snap cpies take a smaller percentage f the capacity required fr the surce, and that s nly the space necessary t prtect the riginal data s integrity, which wuld subsequently be verwritten n the surce vlume. T enable the pwer f these replicatin tls int the hands f the Oracle DBA, EMC develped a technlgy called EMC Replicatin Manager. DBAs can use a centralized management cnsle t manage EMC pint-in-time replicatin technlgies and crdinate the entire data replicatin prcess frm discvery and cnfiguratin t the management f multiple applicatin cnsistent disk-based replicas. Autmated scheduling, munting, dismunting, and expiratin f Oracle replicas t save valuable time Dedicated user accunts and access privileges t prvide Oracle DBA selfsufficiency EMC has als wrked clsely with Oracle t cmbine the use f a new Oracle feature called clnedb which allws Oracle DBAs t create read and writeable snaps ff f EMC snaps using nly a fractin f allcated strage capacity. Strage is cnsumed nly at the rate at which Oracle data is mdified within the snaps, prviding an ideal slutin t setup large amunts f Oracle cpies fr supprting envirnments, like test and develpment. ENHANCE ORACLE BACKUP AND RECOVERY Backup and recvery management using Oracle RMAN is a cre task fr nearly every Oracle DBA. Fr many custmers, the time required t backup Oracle (even with incremental backups) can impact prductin database availability and perfrmance, and ver time, backups cnsume excessive amunts f strage. EMC Data Dmain Bst integratin with Oracle Recvery Manager prvides the industry s first slutin that gives the database administratr cmplete cntrl f backup and disaster recvery prcesses. DD Bst fr RMAN distributes parts f the deduplicatin prcess t the Oracle database server, which increases perfrmance and enables Oracle RMAN t directly manage Data Dmain replicatin. Specifically, this can increase backup perfrmance up t 50 percent, reduce LAN bandwidth requirements up t 99 percent thrugh deduplicatin, and reduce the verall impact n the Oracle server by 20 t 40 percent.

9 Custmers Accelerate Their Oracle Backups with EMC's Backup Technlgy: Accelerate Oracle Backup Times By 9X Reduce Oracle Backup Strage Required By 25X Lwer Required Backup Management by 81% T enable even greater efficiency, DD Bst fr RMAN is cmpatible with Oracle blck change tracking (BCT). With DD Bst fr RMAN cnfigured and BCT enabled, when an incremental backup is run, the RMAN script will direct the backup t read the tracking file. Then, withut scanning the entire file system, nly unique data is sent frm the Oracle server t the Data Dmain system. Integratin f Oracle RMAN and Data Dmain Bst empwers bth the DBAs and IT teams t: Retain backups lnger By deduplicating data befre it is backed up, mre data can be stred nline at lwer cst. This allws fr the retentin f mre Oracle data fr lnger perids f time, and the perfrmance f mre frequent full backups vs. incremental backups. Replicate smarter Data Dmain systems nly mve deduplicated data ver existing netwrks with up t 99 percent bandwidth efficiency fr fast, csteffective disaster recvery. EMC Data Dmain and DD Bst als supprt EMC Avamar, EMC NetWrker and third-party backup applicatins t help enable centralized backup and recvery acrss the entire IT landscape. APPLICATION CONSISTENT ORACLE DATA PROTECTION As mre applicatins and databases are cnslidated in Oracle envirnments, keeping that infrastructure available cntinuusly becmes even mre critical t avid business disruptin. Many Oracle custmers use Oracle DataGuard t prtect their databases, but DataGuard des nt enable prtectin f the entire sftware and infrastructure stack. Sme custmer SLAs require fast, cmplete recvery f all applicatin cmpnents, nt just the database files. EMC RecverPint is a cmprehensive data-prtectin slutin prviding cncurrent lcal and remte data prtectin. It is fully leveraged thrugh EMC Replicatin Manager as an additinal replicatin slutin ptin fr Oracle DBAs. RecverPint is a technlgy that resides in the netwrk allwing all Oracle writes t be tracked in a Recvery Jurnal befre they are written t disk. Oracle data is then cmpressed and deduplicated befre shipping t a remte site, reducing the netwrk bandwidth requirements up t 90 percent t allw fr lnger distance replicatin.

10 Mre Efficient Data Prtectin Fr Oracle DBAs With EMC RecverPint Oracle DBA s can achieve: Cntinuus Data Prtectin (CDP): CDP cntinuusly captures and stres data mdificatins lcally, enabling lcal recvery frm any pint in time, with n data lss. Bth synchrnus and asynchrnus replicatin is supprted. Cntinuus Remte Replicatin (CRR): CRR supprts synchrnus and asynchrnus replicatin between remte sites ver FC and a WAN. Synchrnus replicatin is supprted when the remte sites are cnnected thrugh FC and prvides a zer recvery pint bjective (RPO). Asynchrnus replicatin prvides crash cnsistent prtectin and recvery t specific pints in time, with a small RPO. Shuld a recvery be necessary, the Recvery Jurnal can be used t rll back the cmplete Oracle sftware stack t any pint in time fr full recvery. Fr thse custmers running VMware n their Oracle database servers, VMware Site Recvery Manager can be used with EMC RecverPint t rchestrate the recvery f either physical r virtualized Oracle servers. Furthermre, leveraging VMware virtual machines, DBAs can als quickly and transparently failver prductin t anther set f virtual servers and perfrm recvery in a secure, separate envirnment t see what recvery wuld lk like in the event f a disaster. The standby envirnment cntinues t have read/write access, increasing the return n investment while als dramatically strengthening data prtectin. By leveraging EMC RecverPint and VMware Site Recvery Manager, DBAs can prtect the entire Oracle stack faster and mre cmpletely. NON-STOP ORACLE DATA ACCESS Many Oracle custmers leverage Oracle Real Applicatin Clusters (RAC) which enables Oracle databases t be run acrss multiple servers with simultaneus read/write access. Oracle RAC users have been challenged t stretch their Oracle RAC cnfiguratins ver distance, and as a result, mst RAC users have single-site cnfiguratins and leverage hst-based r array-based data replicatin slutins fr disaster recvery. EMC VPLEX is a technlgy deplyed in the strage area netwrk which enables the same data t exist in tw separate gegraphical lcatins and be accessed and updated in bth lcatins at the same time. Wrking with EMC, Oracle RAC can nw be cnfigured with VPLEX Metr ver extended distances in a deplyment that is certified and supprted by Oracle. VPLEX Metr prvides Oracle RAC users simultaneus access t the same data at bth lcatins yet it's easily managed as thugh it's nly ne site. The Oracle hsts need nly t cnnect t the lcal VPLEX cluster with n cmplex crss-cnnect, and there are n cstly hst CPU cycles cnsumed n mirrring - I/O is sent nly nce frm hst t the VPLEX, then VPLEX manages the replicatin

11 Custmers Extend Oracle RAC With EMC VPLEX : Stretch Oracle RAC Up T 10x Further Reduce Latency fr Oracle RAC Clusters Over Distance Deply Active-Active Data Center Operatins Oracle RAC clusters tday can be stretched acrss data centers, but the distance is limited with Oracle recmmendatins t keep RAC ndes within 10 kilmeters. EMC VPLEX extends the ability f Oracle RAC t be in active-active mde up t 100 kilmeters distance between sites. This allws greater distance fr Oracle stretch RAC clusters while keeping the rund trip time t 5 millisecnds r less. THREE PATHS TO THE CLOUD With all f these benefits available t Oracle DBA, IT rganizatins are evaluating the best apprach t take in deplying IT infrastructure fr Oracle. Sme Oracle IT rganizatins are evaluating the use f engineered systems t standardize their IT infrastructure. Many are cnsidering a hrizntal, virtualized apprach t IT infrastructure. Befre a standardizatin apprach is taken hwever, Oracle custmers shuld carefully evaluate at what level they shuld standardize infrastructure given the envirnment they have in place tday. Fr example: What existing database versins and applicatins am I running? Hw am I backing up and prtecting thse applicatins tday? Will my applicatins run unchanged n this new infrastructure? Will the DBA prcess I have in place (ex: clning, disaster recver) still apply? EMC s belief is that Oracle custmers shuld be empwered with the flexibility and chice t ptimize their existing Oracle database envirnments, withut mdifying database sftware, applicatins r DBA prcesses, but still get the benefits f engineered systems. Furthermre, these benefits shuld be available nt just t Oracle database envirnments, but mixed wrklad envirnments, as ver 90 percent f Oracle custmers tday run mre than just Oracle (Surce: IOUG Enterprise Platfrm Decisin Survey 2010 Twards A Smarter Fundatin)

12 EMC Glbal IT Virtualized Deplyment f Oracle EMC IT runs ne f the wrld s largest virtualized Oracle envirnments. A recent ESG Audit tracked EMC transfrmatin ver the past 8 years mving t ver 90% virtualizatin. During this transfrmatin, despite tremendus grwth, EMC IT spend n maintenance has steadily decreased while CAPEX and OPEX savings have increased. Tday, EMC can prvisin new IT resurces in ~1 day versus 90 days befre increasing IT agility. T help Oracle custmers achieve this, EMC ffers three flexible paths tward private clud cmputing. The first path is leveraging a best f breed cmbinatin f EMC hardware and sftware, integrated with Oracle sftware. EMC ffers a prtfli f validated slutins, services, and technlgies that prvide everything yu need t build the infrastructure that is right fr yu. This prtfli targets each area f the Oracle infrastructure stack with the gals f increasing perfrmance, driving efficiency, and lwering risk. All f the best practices described in this paper are ffered as part f EMC s best-f-breed slutins fr Oracle custmers. The secnd path is EMC VSPEX Prven Infrastructure. EMC VSPEX is a partner-led ffering that allws custmer t leverage prven Reference Architectures fr design, but have flexibility f virtualizatin, server and netwrk cmpnents. All f these slutins are fully-tested and delivered by EMC partners. EMC VSPEX slutins cme in a pre-bundled set f S/M/L sizing, depending n the applicatin and perfrmance needs. The result is an IT infrastructure that is simple, efficient and flexible. Finally, many Oracle custmers wish t standardize the entire hardware infrastructure they deply including server, netwrk and strage tgether. With Vblck Systems delivered thrugh VCE, Oracle custmers can get all the benefits f standardizatin withut cmprmise including: Single Prduct Single Pint f Management and Supprt Integrated Data Prtectin Optins Fr Oracle envirnments specifically, Vblck Systems have been prven t have tremendus benefits: 3X mre perfrmance thrugh ptimized strage tiering and x86 architecture 5X faster deplyment thrugh less hand-ffs between database, server, strage administratrs 4X less staff resurce time thrugh a single pint f management and cntrl 3X lwer cst thrugh less server, strage and netwrk infrastructure required

13 IMPROVE DBA PRODUCTIVITY AND CLOUD COMPUTING EXPERTISE EMC slutins and jint engineering with Oracle can unlck pwerful benefits fr Oracle Database Administratrs, making them mre prductive in their daily tasks and freeing up time fr innvatin. CONTACT US T learn mre abut hw EMC prducts, services, and slutins can help slve yur business and IT challenges, cntact EMC r yur lcal EMC business partner. EMC 2, EMC, the EMC lg, Avamar, Data Dmain, Replicatin Manager, RecverPint, Vblck, VMAX, VNX, VPLEX are registered trademarks r trademarks f EMC Crpratin in the United States and ther cuntries. VMware, VMware DRS, VMware SRM, vsphere are registered trademarks r trademarks f VMware, Inc., in the United States and ther jurisdictins. All ther trademarks used herein are the prperty f their respective wners. Cpyright 2013 EMC Crpratin. All rights reserved. Published in the USA. 05/13 EMC Perspective H EMC believes the infrmatin in this dcument is accurate as f its publicatin date. The infrmatin is subject t change withut ntice.